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7 Thrombocytes

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Structure & Function of Platelets THE CELLULAR COMPONENT OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 1 Platelets Platelets help stop blood loss from damaged vessels by forming a platelet plug. Their granules also contain chemicals that promote blood clotting. Thrombopoietin stimulates myeloid stem cells to produce platelets. Myeloid stem cells develop into megakaryocyte-colonyforming cells that develop into megakaryoblasts Megakaryoblasts transform into megakaryocytes which fragment. PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY, 11E 2 Platelet (Thrombocyte) Anatomy Each fragment, enclosed by a piece of cell membrane, is a platelet (thrombocyte). Platelets have a life span of only 5 to 9 days ◦ Aged and dead platelets are removed by fixed macrophages in the spleen and liver. 2 - 4micron cell fragment with no nucleus Normal platelet count is 150,000-400,000/drop of blood PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY, 11E 3 Clotting Overview A clot is a gel consisting of a network of insoluble protein fibers (fibrin) in which formed elements of blood are trapped. The chemicals involved in clotting are known as coagulation (clotting) factors ◦ most are in blood plasma, some are released by platelets, and one is released from damaged tissue cells. Blood clotting involves a cascade of reactions that may be divided into three stages: ◦ formation of prothrombinase (prothrombin activator) ◦ conversion of prothrombin into thrombin ◦ conversion of soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fi ...
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