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BIO320M6A1 (1)

BIO320M6A1 (1)

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Running head: SICKLE CELL DISEASE 1

Sickle Cell Disease

BIO 320

06 December 2020

Sickle Cell Disease

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SICKLE CELL DISEASE 2

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is recognized as a global health and social problem. SCD is

described as a genetic disorder that can be passed down from one generation to another

(Gardner, 2018). In some areas of the world, the disease is endemic whereas in other it is rare

within the population. Nigeria and the United states report the highest rates of SCD globally

with approximately 45,000 to 100,000 babies being diagnosed with the disease annually

(Taylor et al., 2010; Charkravorty & Williams, 2015). These statistics mainly constitute of

patients who have been diagnosed with the sickle cell anemia, which is the common type of

SCD.

The prevalence nature of SCD has increased the mortality and morbidity rates of

patients that are diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. SCD is characterized by sickle cell pain

whose effect on a patient is assessed by its clinical severity (Davis et al., 1997; Platt et al.

1991). Thus, the mortality and morbidity rates of SCD are associated with the severity and

frequency of sickle cell pain attacks. According to Taylor et al. (2010), patients that

experience sickle cell pain episodes at least twice annually have a high risk of succumbing to

the illness. However, the life span of people with SCD has increased in the recent years as

medical interventions assist patients to live beyond their teenage years.

Before the 1970s, the life expectancy of SCD patients was much lower than now.

Majority of the patients would succumb to the illness during their teenage years (Davis 1997;

Taylor et al., 2010). The trends in SCD continue to change as advancements in medicine help

patients live healthier lives and prolong their life expectancy. For instance, research shows

that the median survival years for male SCD patients is 4 years whereas that of women is 42

years (Quinn et al., 2004; Taylor et al., 2010). However, the life expectancy depends on the

quality of healthcare services provided in a country. The survival rate is mainly high in first

world countries compared to third world nations.

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Running head: SICKLE CELL DISEASE 1 Sickle Cell Disease BIO 320 06 December 2020 Sickle Cell Disease SICKLE CELL DISEASE 2 Sickle cell disease (SCD) is recognized as a global health and social problem. SCD is described as a genetic disorder that can be passed down from one generation to another (Gardner, 2018). In some areas of the world, the disease is endemic whereas in other it is rare within the population. Nigeria and the United states report the highest rates of SCD globally with approximately 45,000 to 100,000 babies being diagnosed with the disease annually (Taylor et al., 2010; Charkravorty & Williams, 2015). These statistics mainly constitute of patients who have been diagnosed with the sickle cell anemia, which is the common type of SCD. The prevalence nature of SCD has increased the mortality and morbidity rates of patients that are diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. SCD is characterized by sickle cell pain whose effect on a patient is assessed by its clinical severity (Davis et al., 1997; Platt et al. 1991). Thus, the mortality and morbidity rates of SCD are associated with the severity and frequency of sickle cell pain attacks. According to Taylor et al. (2010), patients that experience sickle cell pain episodes at least twice annually have a high risk of succumbing to the illness. However, the life span of people with SCD has increased in the recent years as medical interventions assist patients to live beyond their teenage years. Before the 1970s, the l ...
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