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Journal Article Review Example 1 (1)

Journal Article Review Example 1 (1)

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Research Methodology

April 15, 2017

Journal Article Review

When blood products are given to a patient, the reaction that ensues is similar to

that of transplanting an organ. The patient can have a number of adverse effects,

including a transfusion reaction or rejection. A decreased use of blood products has been

a trend that many health professionals attempt to implement, but their use cannot be fully

eliminated. Blood products administered perioperatively to pediatric patients have been

known to increase morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery.

Modification and

improvement of transfusion protocol, however, could decrease the use of blood products

perioperatively.

Researchers at Children’s of Alabama studied the implementation of a

multidisciplinary bleeding and transfusion protocol to observe its effects on bleeding

outcomes.

The study itself was quantitative and confidential.

Researchers conducted a

combination of a prospective and retrospective experiment.

First, 99 consecutive patients

put on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were evaluated for baseline data of transfusion

management and bleeding outcomes.

This portion represents the retrospective aspect of

the study.

Next, 62 new patients were evaluated implementing the experimental

transfusion and blood management protocol.

This portion represents the prospective

aspect of the study.

This group of 62 was further divided into 17, who additionally

received single pass hemoconcentrated (SPHC) blood transfusions, and 45, who

additionally received modified ultrafiltration (MUF).

The independent variable was

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defined as the type of transfusion and blood management protocol implemented.

The

dependent variable was defined as the bleeding outcomes of the patients in addition to the

utilization of blood products.

The experimental design used was true experimental. The

group of 99 patients observed for baseline data represented the control group.

The group

of 67 patients represented the experimental group, containing two subgroups: SPHC and

MUF.

Cluster sampling was used to form a group of random pediatric participants to

construct these groups.

The study started with the control group on simply a retrospective, observational

basis, meaning there was no intervention.

Current blood management protocols were

observed and mean blood product administration after CPB (mL/kg) was recorded.

This

data collection was done through the use of the University of Alabama at Birmingham

Quality Improvement Database (QI database).

This database accurately measured the

intended variable, representing construct validity. Furthermore, the QI database

produced consistent results, representing its reliability. The general conclusion from this

data was that perioperative transfusion management greatly varied between different

caregivers.

Researchers identified this as a main opportunity for improvement and

developed a step-by-step bleeding and transfusion protocol.

Key areas of focus within

the protocol included waiting for laboratory results before any transfusion if clinical

condition permitted, utilizing cell saver as the first blood product administered, and

utilizing the patients’ own reconstituted whole blood if hemodynamically unstable.

This

protocol was then implemented on all 67 experimental participants in addition to the

intervention of their subgroup (SPHC or MUF).

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Name Research Methodology April 15, 2017 Journal Article Review When blood products are given to a patient, the reaction that ensues is similar to that of transplanting an organ. The patient can have a number of adverse effects, including a transfusion reaction or rejection. A decreased use of blood products has been a trend that many health professionals attempt to implement, but their use cannot be fully eliminated. Blood products administered perioperatively to pediatric patients have been known to increase morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery.1 Modification and improvement of transfusion protocol, however, could decrease the use of blood products perioperatively.1 Researchers at Children’s of Alabama studied the implementation of a multidisciplinary bleeding and transfusion protocol to observe its effects on bleeding outcomes.1 The study itself was quantitative and confidential.1 Researchers conducted a combination of a prospective and retrospective experiment.1 First, 99 consecutive patients put on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were evaluated for baseline data of transfusion management and bleeding outcomes.1 This portion represents the retrospective aspect of the study.1 Next, 62 new patients were evaluated implementing the experimental transfusion and blood management protocol.1 This portion represents the prospective aspect of the study.1 This group of 62 was further divided into 17, who additionally received single pass hemoconcentrated (SPHC) blood transfu ...
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