Identifying an Acceptable Paraphrase (MLA Style) - Quiz 10 question
Question 1 (1 point) [Ed: error here relates to close wording]The
original vision of charter schools in 1988, when the idea was
popularized, was that they would be created by venturesome public school
teachers who would seek out the most alienated students, those who had
dropped out or those who were likely to do so. The teachers in these
experimental schools would find better ways to reach these students and
bring what they'd learned back to the regular public school. The
fundamental idea at the beginning of the movement was that charter
schools would help public schools and enroll students who needed extra
attention and new strategies.From Ravitch, Diane. "Why I Changed My Mind." The Nation 14 June 2010: 20-24. Print. The passage appears on page 22 of the article.Question 1 options: A or BARavitch
notes that the original vision for charter schools gave support to the
work of public schools by helping some of the most alienated students
who would benefit from extra attention and new strategies (22).BRavitch
notes that originally charter schools were supposed to reach at-risk
students with better strategies and creative teachers. These teachers
would then also find ways to share these innovations with more
traditional public schools (22).
Question 2 (1 point) [sentence structure too close]Paul
Revere's ride is perhaps the most famous historical example of a
word-of-mouth epidemic. A piece of extraordinary news traveled a long
distance in a very short time, mobilizing an entire region to arms. Not
all word-of-mouth epidemics are this sensational, of course. But it is
safe to say that word of mouth is—even in this age of mass
communications and multimillion-dollar advertising campaigns—still the
most important form of human communication. From Gladwell, Malcolm. The Tipping Point. New York: Little, Brown, 2002. Print. The passage appears on page 32.Question 2 options: A or B APaul
Revere's well-known ride is the best example in history of a
word-of-mouth epidemic. His piece of important information covered a
long distance in no time, preparing large numbers of neighbors for
battle. However, Gladwell states, not every word-of-mouth epidemic is
this significant. Yet even given our era of mass media and
advertisements, word of mouth is "the most important form of human
communication" (32).BAccording
to Gladwell, the best known example from history of a word-of-mouth
epidemic may be Paul Revere's ride. His news covered great distances,
quickly preparing his neighbors for battle. Not every word-of-mouth
epidemic is this significant. But even in our era of mass media, word of
mouth is "the most important form of human communication" (32).
Question 3 (1 point) [wording too close, citation missing]Scientists
say juggling e-mail, phone calls and other incoming information can
change how people think and behave. They say our ability to focus is
being undermined by bursts of information. These play to a primitive
impulse to respond to immediate opportunities and threats. The
stimulation provokes excitement — a dopamine squirt — that researchers
say can be addictive. In its absence, people feel bored.From Richtel, Matt. "Hooked on Gadgets, and Paying a Mental Price." New York Times. New York Times,7 June 2010. Web. The article was accessed online, in a version that appeared without page numbers.Question 3 options: A or BAResearch
shows that juggling messages, calls, and other information can affect
our behavior. These bursts of information are changing our ability to
focus by working on our primitive need to respond to immediate
opportunities. Later, without these stimuli, we become bored (Richtel).BResearchers
explain that we erode our ability to focus when we expose ourselves to
constant e-mail, messages, and other bits of information. These stimuli
excite the brain but can become addictive so that when the stimuli are
removed we become bored (Richtel).
Question 4 (1 point) [cover same points in same order]Assange
also wanted to insure that, once the video was posted online, it would
be impossible to remove. He told me that WikiLeaks maintains its content
on more than twenty servers around the world and on hundreds of domain
names. (Expenses are paid by donations, and a few independent
well-wishers also run "mirror sites" in support.) Assange calls the site
"an uncensorable system for untraceable mass document leaking and
public analysis," and a government or company that wanted to remove
content from WikiLeaks would have to practically dismantle the Internet
itself. From Khatchadourian, Raffi. "No Secrets: Julian Assange's Mission for Total Transparency." New Yorker. TheNew Yorker,7 June 2010. Web. The article was reprinted without page numbers online.Question 4 options: A or BAAssange
makes sure that videos on WikiLeaks cannot be deleted, using multiple
servers and back-up sites in locations around the world. His goal is to
make WikiLeaks documents impossible to trace or censor and to make the
system impossible to dismantle (Khatchadourian).BAssange's
goal is for documents leaked on WikiLeaks to be impossible for
governments or companies to trace or censor. The WikiLeaks content is
maintained on multiple servers and back-up sites in locations around the
world (Khatchadourian).
Question 5 (1 point) [sentence structure]Bear
Stearns and Lehman Brothers in 2008 more closely resembled normal
corporations with solid, Middle American values than did any Wall Street
firm circa 1985. The changes were camouflage. They helped to distract
outsiders from the truly profane event: the growing misalignment of
interests between the people who trafficked in financial risk and the
wider culture. The surface rippled, but down below, in the depths, the
bonus pool remained undisturbed. From Lewis, Michael. The Big Short: Inside the Doomsday Machine. New York: Norton, 2010. Print. The passage appears on page 254.Question 5 options: A or BALewis
explains that changes to Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers by 2008 made
them appear more like typical American companies. These new values were
not deeply held. They enabled these Wall Street firms to mask their
deeper interests. There appeared to be change, but below the surface,
the culture of big bonuses was not touched (254).BBy
2008, changes made Bear Stearns and Lehman Brothers appear to have
values more like those of typical American companies. These values were
only superficially held, Lewis explains, to mask risk from outsiders. In
reality, the culture of big bonuses at these firms was unchanged (254).
Question 6 (1 point) [missing citation/signal phrase]Unlike
the staggered luncheon sessions I observed at Walton High, lunch was
served in a single sitting to the students in this school. "It's
physically impossible to feed 3,300 kids at once," the teacher said.
"The line for kids to get their food is very long and the entire period
lasts only 30 minutes. It takes them 15 minutes just to walk there from
their classes and get through the line. They get 10 minutes probably to
eat their meals. A lot of them don't try. You've been a teacher, so you
can imagine what it does to students when they have no food to eat for
an entire day. The schoolday here at Fremont is eight hours long."From Kozol, Jonathan. The Shame of the Nation: The Restoration of Apartheid Schooling in America. New York: Crown, 2005. Print. The passage appears on page 176.Question 6 options: A or B AKozol
observes the strain on Fremont's students at lunchtime, where all of
the 3,300 students in attendance are served in one 30-minute meal
period. One teacher calculates that the extended the walk to the
cafeteria and long food lines create a 10-minute window for students to
eat. What often results is that many students go all day without a meal
(176).BThere
is obvious strain on Fremont's students at lunchtime, where all of the
3,300 students in attendance are served in one 30-minute meal period.
One teacher calculates that the extended the walk to the cafeteria and
long food lines create a 10-minute window for students to eat. What
often results is that many students go all day without a meal.
Question 7 (1 point) [wording too close]Because
of physiological and behavioral differences, exposures among children
are expected to be different from exposures among adults. Children may
be more exposed to some environmental contaminants, because they consume
more of certain foods and water per unit of body weight and have a
higher ratio of body surface area to volume than adults. Equally
important, rapid changes in behavior and physiology may lead to
differences in exposure as a child grows up. From United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook (Final Report). Sept. 2008. Web. 5 November 2009. The passage appears on page 1-1.Question 7 options: A or BAIn
its handbook, the United States Environmental Protection Agency sets
out factors for assessing children's exposure to various contaminants
and pollutants. Children are more vulnerable to chemicals than adults
because they consume more food and water as a proportion of their body
weight. Children's exposure to environmental pollutants through their
body surface area may be significantly higher than that for adults. And
as children grow and behaviors change, their exposure also changes
(1-1).BIn
its handbook, the United States Environmental Protection Agency sets
out factors for assessing children's exposure to various contaminants
and pollutants. Children may be more exposed to some chemicals than
adults because they consume more food and water as a proportion of their
body weight. A child's exposure to environmental chemicals through
their body surface area may be significantly higher than that for
adults. As important, changes in behavior and children's bodies mean
different exposures (1-1).
Question 8 (1 point) [sentence structure]Thomas
Jefferson had made it unmistakably clear to Lewis and Clark that their
foremost objective was to find "the direct water communication from sea
to sea formed by the bed of the Missouri & perhaps the Oregon." But
in his detailed letter of instructions to Lewis, Jefferson devoted more
words to the Indian nations than to any other topic. Not only was
Jefferson intensely curious about the tribes, he wanted Lewis and Clark
to wean their loyalties away from the despised British traders and
enfold them into the orbit of American trade and commerce.From Jones, Landon Y. William Clark and the Shaping of the West. New York: Hill-Farrar, 2004. The passage appears on pages 130-31.Question 8 options: A or BAThomas
Jefferson's instructions to Lewis and Clark laid out their main goal
which was to find a water route west to the Pacific Ocean. Jefferson's
letter, however, also made clear his great interest in the Indian
nations they would meet and his secondary objective: Lewis and Clark
should work to persuade Indian nations to trade with Americans and not
the British (Jones, 130-31).BThomas
Jefferson clearly explains in his instructions that Lewis and Clark are
to find a direct water route to the west coast. But he also goes on at
length about Indian nations in the letter. Not only did Jefferson want
to find out more about the tribes, he was eager for Lewis and Clark to
persuade Indian traders to abandon ties with the hated British and bring
them into the sphere of American traders (Jones, 130-31).
Question 9 (1 point) [order is not the same as in the original, also wording]Yoko
became the epitome of Fluxus multimedia antiart. Her works tended to be
sculpture, or rather three-dimensional collage, assembled from
quotidian objects and usually inviting physical contact with the
observer. Sometimes the creation would be a piece of theatre, with the
role of the artwork played by the artist and the audience's reactions
serving to illuminate some truth about the nature of art or the human
condition in general. From Norman, Phillip. John Lennon: The Life. New York: Random, 2009. Print. The excerpt is from page 474.Question 9 options: A or BAYoko
Ono's multimedia antiart, as Norman describes it, illuminated truths
about the human condition with Ono herself playing the role of the
artwork. Some pieces were sculpture made up of assembled objects, while
other pieces were like theater pieces that involved human contact (474).BYoko
Ono's multimedia art, as Norman describes it, included sculptures made
out of everyday objects while often encouraging the viewer to come into
contact with the art. Her work, particularly the pieces that were like
theater, challenged viewers to react and to think about the definition
of art (474).
Question 10 (1 point) [wording; wrong citation]Some
recent studies have explored the existence of behavior in toddlers that
is "altruistic" in an even stronger sense — like when they give up
their time and energy to help a stranger accomplish a difficult task.
The psychologists Felix Warneken and Michael Tomasello have put toddlers
in situations in which an adult is struggling to get something done,
like opening a cabinet door with his hands full or trying to get to an
object out of reach. The toddlers tend to spontaneously help, even
without any prompting, encouragement or reward.From Bloom, Paul. "The Moral Life of Babies." New York Times Magazine. New York Times,9 May 2010. Web. The passage appears on page 47.Question 10 options: A or B ANew
studies reveal that toddlers engage in altruistic behavior. Bloom
reports on experiments where toddlers came to the aid of a stranger
struggling with a physical task, without external prompts (47).BNew
studies reveal altruistic behavior in toddlers who are observed giving
help to strangers working on a difficult task. For example, without
encouragement or reward toddlers spontaneously offer help to an adult
struggling to complete a difficult task like getting an object that is
out of reach (Warneken and Tomasello 47).