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Anthony Giddens defines modernity in terms of four basic institutions: 1) capitalism, 2) industrialism, 3)
surveillance capacities, and 4) control of the means of violence. Explain the four aforementioned
institutions. Compare and contrast the four basic institutions. What are some similarities? What are
some differences?
According to Anthony Giddens, there are four basic institutions for the definition of
modernity. The first one is capitalism, which is explained by commodity production, private
ownership, a wage labor, and a class system that is derived directly from the characteristics.
Next, there is industrialism which includes using inanimate object, for examples the machines,
to produce the goods. This affects communication, transportation, and the everyday life. Then,
there is surveillance capacities, this is supervision amongst populations in the political realm.
Finally, there is control of the means of violence, which is like the police force or military.
As for similarities and differences, there are quite a few of each. For example, there is
industrialism with control of the means of violence. This is meaning, there are more inanimate
objects involved in war, like guns, tanks, and missiles. Another commonality amongst the basic
institutions is that surveillance capacities use industrialism, for example the cameras,
computers, monitors, etc. As for differences, capitalism doesn’t necessarily “fit in” to the
institution of control of the means. Capitalism looks at the business aspect of society, looking
more at the economy. While they both focus on structure, control of the means of violence
focuses on society’s structure and discipline.
Reference:
McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. (2021). Chapter Summary. Modern Sociological
Theory | Chapter Summary. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from
http://novella.mhhe.com/sites/0072825782/student_view0/chapter12/chapter_summary.ht
ml.

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Anthony Giddens defines modernity in terms of four basic institutions: 1) capitalism, 2) industrialism, 3) surveillance capacities, and 4) control of the means of violence. Explain the four aforementioned institutions. Compare and contrast the four basic institutions. What are some similarities? Wha ...
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