The maternal history may provide important information about     maternal exposure to infection maternal immunity (natural or acquired maternal colonization obstetric risk factors (prematurity, prolonged ruptured membranes, maternal chorioamnionitis Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that infect a pregnant woman are of particular concern to the fetus and newborn because of the possibility for intrauterine or perinatal transmission These test are more available in the developed countries and they include: (1) All pregnant women should be offered voluntary and confidential HIV testing at the 1st prenatal visit. 2) A serologic test for syphilis should be performed on all pregnant women at the 1st prenatal visit (3) A serologic test for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) should be performed at the 1st prenatal visit  (4) A maternal genital culture for C. trachomatis should be performed at the 1st prenatal visit.. (5) A maternal genital culture for Neisseria gonorrhoeae should be performed at the 1st prenatal visit for women at risk  6) Evaluation for bacterial vaginosis should be considered at the 1st prenatal visit for asymptomatic women at high risk for preterm labor. (7) universal screening for rectovaginal GBS colonization of all pregnant women at 35–37 wk gestation and a screening-based approach to selective intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis against GBS -- Evaluation of a Newborn for Infection or Se ...
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