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Chapter 21

The Evidence for Evolution

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which statement factors into artificial but not natural selection?

A. Most organisms are capable of producing more offspring than typically survive.

B. Phenotypic variation of a species has variable appeal to humans interested in that species.

C. Phenotypic variation exists within populations.

D. Phenotypic variation can influence reproductive success.

E. Phenotypic variation within a species is due in part to inherited characteristics.

Artificial selection involves a selective breeding to enhance desirable traits.

Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Gradable: automatic

LO: 21.03.01 Contrast the processes of artificial and natural selection.

Section: 21.03

Topic: Artificial Selection: Human-Initiated Change

2. A new plant species is introduced to Daphne Major and produces small, thin seeds. This

plant species is highly adapted to drought and after 5 years has replaced over 80% of the

native plants that produce large seeds. How will this change affect the evolution of beak size

in the medium ground finch population?

A. Small beaks will be favored under all rainfall conditions.

B. Small beaks will be favored in wet years and large beaks will be favored in dry years.

C. Large beaks will be favored in wet years and small beaks will be favored in dry years.

D. Large beaks will be favored under all rainfall conditions.

Clarify Question

What is the key concept addressed by the question?

• The question stem is asking you to determine how rainfall and the introduction of this

new plant species will influence beak size selection.

What type of thinking is required?

• You are being asked to take what you already know and use, or apply, it to natural

selection of beak size.

Gather Content

What do you already know about natural selection? What other information is related to

the question?

• Natural selection is a method by which organisms can evolve. The seeds from the new

plant species will be common during times of drought. When rains are abundant, native plants

will produce small, tender seeds.

Choose Answer

Given what you now know, what information is most likely to produce the correct answer?

• Recall that the Grants found birds with small beaks were favored in wet years because

of the plentiful small, tender seeds and that birds with large beaks were favored in dry years

because of the lack of small, tender seeds and the multitude of large, hard seeds.

Reflect on Process

Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the

process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a

more desirable result?

• Answering this question correctly depended on your ability to use natural selection in

a new situation If you got an incorrect answer, did you remember that natural selection is

influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, or that rainfall affects natural selection by influencing

the type of seeds present in the environment? Did you have trouble extending natural

selection to determine the correct answer?

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Chapter 21 The Evidence for Evolution Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which statement factors into artificial but not natural selection? A. Most organisms are capable of producing more offspring than typically survive. B. Phenotypic variation of a species has variable appeal to humans interested in that species. C. Phenotypic variation exists within populations. D. Phenotypic variation can influence reproductive success. E. Phenotypic variation within a species is due in part to inherited characteristics. Artificial selection involves a selective breeding to enhance desirable traits. Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic LO: 21.03.01 Contrast the processes of artificial and natural selection. Section: 21.03 Topic: Artificial Selection: Human-Initiated Change 2. A new plant species is introduced to Daphne Major and produces small, thin seeds. This plant species is highly adapted to drought and after 5 years has replaced over 80% of the native plants that produce large seeds. How will this change affect the evolution of beak size in the medium ground finch population? A. Small beaks will be favored under all rainfall conditions. B. Small beaks will be favored in wet years and large beaks will be favored in dry years. C. Large beaks will be favored in wet years and small beaks will be favored in dry years. D. Large beaks will be favored under all rainfall conditions. Clarify Question What is the key concept addressed by the question? • The question stem is asking yo ...
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