1 Homeostasis and Chemistry Case Study Name: Name of Institution Date: 2 Homeostasis Homeostasis is a dynamic physiological process where biological systems try to maintain relatively stable and constant conditions of the body's internal environment while adjusting conditions optimal for survival. Before the race, Nick's heart rate is at equilibrium because it is a period of rest. As he starts to run, the heart rate increases because the musculoskeletal system demands more nutrients and oxygen due to the production of cellular wastes such as lactic acid and carbon dioxide. The heart rate rises because the cardiovascular system will try to maintain homeostasis between nutrient and oxygen delivery and removing cellular wastes. A feedback mechanism or system called a baroreflex responds as Nick reaches 2K by slowing down the heart rate through vasodilation of the increased blood pressure. This response causes a decrease in blood pressure (Lehrer & Eddie, 2013). The baroreflex mechanism produces vasoconstriction every time blood pressure decreases, raising the blood pressure. At the end of the race, Nick's heart rate has started maintaining an equilibrium. The breathing rate before the race is regular due to the period of the race. As Nick starts to run, the rate of breathing rises because more oxygen is required for cellular respiration to produce ATP used in providing energy for the muscles. The mechanism for controlling respiratory rate is negative feedback, where a stimul ...
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