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Musculoskeletal disorders p9

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BIO 4311 MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS - PART IX BONE CONDITIONS – CHAPTER 39 I. OSTEOMALACIA II. RICKETS III. PAGET’S DISEASE I. OSTEOMALACIA A. Introduction: o characterized as softening of bones o generalized bone condition with inadequate mineralization • calcium or phosphorus deficiency or both o crystallization of minerals in bone matrix requires adequate concentrations of calcium and phosphate • when concentrations of either are too low, crystallization (and ossification) does not proceed normally I. OSTEOMALACIA (continued) B. Causes and Pathogenesis: o 2 main causes: 1) insufficient calcium absorption from intestine because of lack of calcium or a lack of vitamin D 2) phosphate deficiency - due to increase losses or decrease intestinal absorption o Vitamin D: fat-soluble vitamin absorbed through the intestine or produced in skin with exposure to ultraviolet light (sunlight) • when absorbed through intestine or produced in skin it is inactive; requires activation before being functional • a deficiency of vitamin D is often due to dysfunction in the small intestine or biliary tract such that fat and fat-soluble vitamin absorption is impaired • diet deficient in vitamin D or reduced exposure to sunlight can also be involved in development of osteomalacia >> which organs are involved with activation of vitamin D? >> what is function of bile? >> what are sources of vitamin D in diet? B. Causes and Pathogenesis (continued): o Anticonvulsant medications a ...
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