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DRIP IRRIGATION

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KALLAKURICHI II CO-OP. SUGAR MILLS LTD., KACHIRAYAPALAYAM
DRIP IRRIGATION
World is facing growing water crisis and agriculture is by far the biggest water
user taking 70 percent of with drawls on average, more in many dry countries. Sugarcane is a
deep-rooted, water intensive crop which remains in the soil all year round using some 7,000
45,000 liters of water per hectare of crop growth.
Sugar is not the only product of cane or beet and in fact only represents 17 percent
of biomass of the sugarcane plant. In addition to the use of cane bagasse for boiler fuel, there
are many other sugar processing by-products that cane be used for a range of purposes. This
increases the efficiency of the crop and bringing more area under cane cultivation. The
increased efficiency in cane and area, have more impacts on social and environment.
Social Impact of Sugar:
i. Low prices and development outcomes:-
Sugar production ( Sugarcane Price and Sugar Price) plays a key role in the economics
and employment of a number of developing countries. Low sugar cane price leads to reduction
in cane production area inturn which leads to increased sugar price which affects the livelihoods
or buying capacity of the people.
ii. Poor Working Conditions:
Jobs in cane production are among the most hazardous in the agricultural industry
eg. snake bite.
iii. Child labour and indentured labour:
According to the International Labour Organization and the Central Bureau of
Statistics the number of child labour engaged in sugar is as high as five million. Child and
bonded labour is also represented to be significant issue in Maharashtra, India.
iv. Water Scarcity:
Water use for sugar cultivation reduces the availability for social needs in water-
scare countries.
Environmental Impact of Sugar:
i. Habitat Loss:
Growing global demand is expected to lead to a further expansion of the area for
growing sugar, leading to loss of habitats including rain forest, thorn forest and savannah.
ii. Water Pollution:
High water use is generally associated with significant runoff polluted water. The
waste water generated from the sugar industry (effluent) and the by product (Vinasse) while
preparing alcohol leads to lot of water pollution.
iii. Degarded Soil:

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Continuous cane or beet cultivation damages the physical, chemical & physio-
chemical properties of the soil.
iv. Air Pollution:
Burning of trashes after the cane harvest in the field and bagasse used as a fuel in
the boilers affect the atmosphere due to heavy liberation of carbon-dioxide.
v Water Scarcity:
Intensive cane cultivation and without adopting water harvesting techniques in
cane production leads to water scarcity in future
Even increasing demand for irrigation water coupled with decreased ground
water sources have led to acute competition for irrigation water in many tropical semi arid
regions. In this circumstances sugar produced using Better Management Practices (BMPs) can
improve financial returns to farmers and mills through increased yield, sustained soil health,
reduced inputs and enhanced quality of production as well as providing benefits for businesses
that use sugar in their products.
Better Management Practices could be adopted at Two Levels.
1. Farm Level :
Better Management Practices at farm level means planting of drought tolerant
varieties, minimum tillage to prevent soil compaction, the use of certain mill by-products,
integrated pest & disease management, maintaining soil health, increasing nutrients applied
efficiency, increasing water use efficiency etc.
2. Mill Level :
Better Management Practices at Mill level means closed cycle milling ie. no water
is taken into the mill zero polluting milling which involves totally recycling treated effluents.
Bu-products such as Press mud, vinasse cane be used by the farmers. Boiler ash can be used as
a soil conditioner, excess electricity generated can be sold to local power companies etc.
With regard to water resources the Better Management Practices would mean
Higher Farm Productivity (more crop per drop)
Benefits for local communities (More drop per person)and the environment (More
drop per eco system)
Wider socio-economic development as water will be available for other uses (More
dollars / cash per drop)
More Crop per Drop - This Better Management Practices in sugarcane is achieved by
adopting efficient irrigation systems. The effectiveness of irrigation strategies can be assessed
by the analysis of Water Use Efficiency (WUE): the ratio of crop yield to water consumed by the
drop.
The most efficient irrigation system adopted now in sugarcane is Micro Irrigation System
ie., Drip Irrigation System. Efficient water use also enhances the use of associated inputs like

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KALLAKURICHI II CO-OP. SUGAR MILLS LTD., KACHIRAYAPALAYAM DRIP IRRIGATION World is facing growing water crisis and agriculture is by far the biggest water user taking 70 percent of with drawls on average, more in many dry countries. Sugarcane is a deep-rooted, water intensive crop which remains in the soil all year round using some 7,000 – 45,000 liters of water per hectare of crop growth. Sugar is not the only product of cane or beet and in fact only represents 17 percent of biomass of the sugarcane plant. In addition to the use of cane bagasse for boiler fuel, there are many other sugar processing by-products that cane be used for a range of purposes. This increases the efficiency of the crop and bringing more area under cane cultivation. The increased efficiency in cane and area, have more impacts on social and environment. Social Impact of Sugar: i. Low prices and development outcomes:- Sugar production ( Sugarcane Price and Sugar Price) plays a key role in the economics and employment of a number of developing countries. Low sugar cane price leads to reduction in cane production area inturn which leads to increased sugar price which affects the livelihoods or buying capacity of the people. ii. Poor Working Conditions: Jobs in cane production are among the most hazardous in the agricultural industry eg. snake bite. iii. Child labour and indentured labour: According to the International Labour Organization and the Central Bureau of Statistics the nu ...
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