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Ethics 1

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Running head: ETHICAL THEORIES Ethical Theories Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Date ETHICAL THEORIES 2 Part A Utilitarianism is an ethical philosophy which regards the importance of happiness of people in society. In principle, an action is perceived to be morally right if the results will lead to happiness, i.e. where there is no pain and wrong if it ends in unhappiness/ pain. The actions in utilitarianism should not only bring joy to the performer but also everyone affected in its course. The theory is opposed to egocentric acts where an individual should pursue the action at the expense of others upholding moral ethics (Loveless, 2010). The principle of utilitarianism is different from ethical theories that regard the actions of an individual to be dependent on their motive. However, in utilitarianism, it's much possible for an individual to do the right thing from the evil purpose. Kant principles of ethics arise from the writings of a German philosopher Immanuel Kant who brought the theory of empiricism and rationalism to light. Concerning his works, there is a famous saying that "You can philosophize with Kant, or philosophize against him, but you cannot philosophize without him” (Ebenstein, 2018). On his teachings, Kant claims that morality is deontological. This means that our choice of actions is because they are generally good not because they cause good consequences or rather emotions. For example, we ought to refrain from stealing not because i ...
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