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Motivational Theories

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American InterContinental University
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Surname 1 Name Course Professor June 26, 2019 Theories of motivation In several enterprises, motivation plays a very important role in helping the employees achieve the enterprise’s goals as well as their personal goals. Many theories of motivation have been created to attempt to explain the relationship that exists between motivation and the employee outcomes. These theories are divided into two main groups: content theories and process theories. The content theories focus on the what the needs of the employees are and what can be done in order to motivate them. The process theories major on the process of how motivation occurs in employees. The content theories include: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, McClelland’s theory of needs, Herzberg’s two-factor theory and Alderfer’s ERG theory. The process theories include: Skinner’s reinforcement theory, Adam’s equity theory, Vroom’s expectancy theory and Locke’s goal-setting theory (Badubi, 2017). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs was created by Abraham Maslow in 1943. It is one of the first theories of motivation. According to this theory, human needs are divided into 5 main categories: physiological needs (most basic), safety and security, belongingness and love, selfesteem and self-actualization (most significant) (Badubi, 2017). Maslow states that human needs are divided according to priority and humans attain the urge to achieve them in depending on their importance. Therefore, satisfaction and motivation depend on ...
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