Exam 1 Culture Review

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Exam 1 Culture Review

● Santeria

○ The hispanic spirituality, traditionally is identified with catholicism, it also reflects

beliefs of judaism, islam, protestantism, and indigenous religions. With the

spanish colonization arrived catholicism, that then mixed with indigenous and

african religious beliefs, creating a religious syncretism. Santeria, a religión from

Africa that arrived in Latin America with slavery, is practiced in distinct ways in

zones identified with the treatment of slaves during colonization, like the

caribbean, and Brazil. Santeria has extended all over Latin America, Spain, and

the US. The syncretism has manifested by way of the saints, that are the

religious intermediaries of the catholic christians.This religión has a similar

structure, however it is not equal to catholicism. The idea of the trinity- Father,

son, and the holy spirit- catholicism echoes in the way the world of santeria is

organized. The natural elements like the land, air, and water are very important

for the harmony of the subject, is given that this religión has a focus in the world

of the living. Santeria has as an objective helping the wellbeing of the subject,

mental as well as physical health. without it mattering if one tries to follow or not.

According to Miguel in Santeria, the beliefs of the santeria utilize a collection of

principles like guiding, whether it is good or evil has no influence. The priests,

dressed in white, do rituals in honor of the deities. The deity is revealed as a

saint or a virgin, like for example, Babalu Aye, Chango, Oshun (god of the rivers),

Yemaya (goddess of the sea), Elegua, and asun. Some deities manifest in

multiple saints like Osun. Each deity has attributes, colors, and rituals, and helps,

in the case of the sick, with ailments, specifically. For each ritual supplies be

bought in the medical herb store, artifacts, herbs, and other products that later

will be placed on an altar or used in a ceremony to give devotion to the deity. The

devotion to the deity is not similar to that of the catholic saint, it is more

malleable, and less permanent. One of the most known rituales of the santeria is

the sacrificing of animals. This practice is believed to be very controversial in the

United States where santeria has gained followers and flourished in the cuban

community. In 1992 the Supreme Court of the US ruled that the sacrificing of

animals in relation to the santeria rituals is a constitutional right.

● Syncretism and Indigenous religion: The Day of the Dead and the Virgin of Guadalupe

○ The Day of the Dead and the celebration of the Virgin of Guadalupe in Mexico

are the most famous religious celebrations that are relevant to the syncretism of

the religious beliefs of the indigenous peoples and catholicism. In Mexico, the

Day of the Dead is the day where they worship the dead with altars, offerings,

and dances. Today, the dates and forms of these celebrations vary depending on

the indigenous community. In some communities, the celebrations are serious,

while in others, they are parties with carnival-like tones. In some communities,

the bodies of the dead stay in the community during these weeks, while in others

they are buried immediately. Death in these communities is seen as the final

cycle of life. Traditionally, the celebration of the Day of the Dead is divided in two

days that coincide with the catholic calendar: All saints Day and the day of the

Dead. Historically, this celebration was incorporated with the catholic calendar

around the thirteenth century. In Mexico, the first day of the celebration of the

dead is dedicated to the children, and the second to the adults. This religious

celebration was adapted in America by the spanish outside of the catholic

calendar to achieve a transition to the new catholic religión. The devotion to the

Virgin did not have as much success in the conversion of the indigenous to

christianity, given that it implicated a drastic change. The indigenous resisted

more the adoption of an image of the Virgin than celebrations of all saints day

and the day of the dead. The movie, La otra conquista, presents the agony of

Topiltzin, to accept the new religión of the spanish. The image of Tonantzin

(mother earth) is destroyed and substituted for the image of the virgin. In the

movie, they present the theme of resistance to catholicism in Mexico in the

Sixteenth century in a violent form that serves as a visual metaphor for the

elimination of a culture and their beliefs. The worship of mother earth did not

disappear, and according to specialists, it holds weight of the intentions of the

spanish. According to legend, in 1531, the Virgin of Guadalupe appeared to Juan

Diego on the Tepeyac hill, the place where the temple dedicated to mother earth

had been destroyed by the spanish. These have the practice of constructing

churches and places of power on top of the indigenous ruins. Today the place

where you find the cathedral of the Virgin of Guadalupe is where before the

temple of mother earth was, and represents a symbol of religious syncretism..

● My religión

○ And yes, they would have said to me, what is your religion? And I would respond,

my religion is to seek the truth in life and life in the truth, even knowing that I

would not find it in my lifetime; my religion is to fight incessantly with the mystery;

my religión is to fight with God until daybreak until nightfall, as they said with the

fight of Jacob. I cannot compromise that wish is unknowable, as those who know

it all wrote- nor with that which others said “from here you will not pass”. I reject

the eternal ignorance. And in all cases I want to climb up to the inaccessible.

“Perfect thirst as our father that is in the heavens is perfect”, christ told us, and

the similar ideal perfection is, without doubt, unavailable. But that puts us as

unavailable goal and we quit our efforts. And to this occurrence, the theologists

said, with grace. And I want to fight my fight without taking care of my victory. Are

there not exercises and even cities that go to a sure defeat? We do not praise

them that leave to fight killing before giving. This is my religión. Those, which

have directed me to this question, want to give a dogma, a solution that can rest

the spirit in their laziness. And neither this wanted, without looking to be able to

classify me and put me in one of these squares in which to place their

spiritualities, saying to me, you are lutheran, you are calvinist, you are catholic,

you are atheist, you are rationalist, you are mystic, or whichever of the other

nicknames whose feeling clears those who do not know, but it stops them from

thinking more. And I do not want you to classify me, because I, Miguel de

Unamuno, as whatever man I aspire flat awareness, I am a special one. “There

are no sick, without sickness”, point to say some doctors, and I say that there are

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Exam 1 Culture Review ● ● Santeria ○ The hispanic spirituality, traditionally is identified with catholicism, it also reflects beliefs of judaism, islam, protestantism, and indigenous religions. With the spanish colonization arrived catholicism, that then mixed with indigenous and african religious beliefs, creating a religious syncretism. Santeria, a religión from Africa that arrived in Latin America with slavery, is practiced in distinct ways in zones identified with the treatment of slaves during colonization, like the caribbean, and Brazil. Santeria has extended all over Latin America, Spain, and the US. The syncretism has manifested by way of the saints, that are the religious intermediaries of the catholic christians.This religión has a similar structure, however it is not equal to catholicism. The idea of the trinity- Father, son, and the holy spirit- catholicism echoes in the way the world of santeria is organized. The natural elements like the land, air, and water are very important for the harmony of the subject, is given that this religión has a focus in the world of the living. Santeria has as an objective helping the wellbeing of the subject, mental as well ...
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