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Subjects of International Law States as Subjects of International Law "Under international law, a state is an entity that has a defined territory and a permanent population, under the control of its own government, and that engages in, or has the capacity to engage in, formal relations with other such entities." The Restatement (Third) of Foreign Relations States as Subjects of International Law Declaratory Theory The proposition that a state has capacity (and personality) in international law as soon as it exists in fact (that is, when it becomes competent in municipal law). This capacity is generated spontaneously from the assertion by the community that it is a judicial entity. When socially organized, the new state is internally legally organized, and hence competent to act in such a way as to engage itself in international responsibility. Thus, according to this theory, recognition does not create any state that did not already exist. States as Subjects of International Law Declaratory Theory If entity meets criteria of statehood, immediately enjoys rights and duties as a state States can exist without recognition. • Recognition is merely declaratory • Most nations support this theory States as Subjects of International Law Declarative theory defines a state as a person in international law if it meets the following criteria: 1) a defined territory; 2) a permanent population; 3) a government and; 4) a capacity to enter into relations with other states. Accord ...
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