Case Study 5–6 Develop a Motivation Plan Jane Couch is the director of nursing for a 400-bed nonprofit hospital in the Southwest. Susan Smith joined the hospital as a staff nurse three years ago after relocating from the northeast. She is 30 years old and has been a staff nurse since graduating from a two-year college nursing program 10 years ago. She is married to a lawyer, and they have two children, ages 6 and 8. The hospital’s inpatient census has been extremely high because of another hospital’s closing. The tension on the nursing floors has been running pretty high because of time pressures to discharge patients early, lack of professional staff, and an upcoming accreditation visit from The Joint Commission. Because of time restraints, Jane was unable to complete the staff’s annual performance evaluations. However, all nurses received a 5 percent pay increase. With this increase, the hospital staff is now the highest paid as compared with other hospitals within the region. Jane believes the higher pay compensates the nursing staff for their increased workload and related stress levels. Until recently, Jane had been pleased with Susan’s performance. Susan had demonstrated her willingness to work hard and had made very few, if any, patient-care errors. However, over the past three months, Jane has noticed that Susan is not performing at her same productivity level and appears to argue frequently with the treating physicians and other nurses about the patients’ treatment plans. Jane frequently hears Susan complaining that “no one listens to me,” “no one wants to hear my opinion,” and “they don’t pay me enough to do this job.” everyone is experiencing more stress than usual because of the increased workload, but what can be done to motivate Susan to her prior “self”? Within the principles of the content theories of Maslow, Herzberg, and Alderfer, explain to the director of nursing why Susan is behaving the way she has over the past three months. Maslow According to this theory, humans have five basic levels of need and are driven to fulfill these needs, depending on their situations. The most basic needs are physiological, such as the need for air, water, and food. Next comes safety and security. The next three levels in Maslow’s hierarchy are somewhat less tangible and more difficult to assess: love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Many have challenged Maslow’s needs theory because it is difficult to explain how individuals who neglect low-level needs in favor of pursuing spiritual callings, intellectual growth, or other pursuits fit into this hierarchy.Alderfer’s ERG TheoryClayton Alderfer’s breakthrough research introduced an alternative needs hierarchy, referred to as the ERG Theory. Alderfer’s hierarchy primarily relates to three categories of need: existence, relatedness, and growth (Pynes & Lombardi, 2014).Herzberg’s Two-Factor TheoryHerzberg’s theory examines the motivating and hygiene factors of job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction.The determinants of job satisfaction (i.e., motivating factors) related to job content are:Achievement,Recognition,The work itself,Responsibility, andAdvancement.The determinants of job dissatisfaction (i.e., hygiene factors) related to job contexts are:Company policies,Administrative policies,Supervision,Salary,Interpersonal relations, andWorking conditions (Fried & Fottler, 2014).Herzberg’s research findings are significant for healthcare organizations because they allow managers to assess which factors lead to job satisfaction (Borkowski, 2016)First, read “Case Study 6-6 “Develop a Motivation Plan” on page 121 in Organizational Behavior in Health Care.Within the principles of the content theories of Maslow, Herzberg, and Alderfer:Explain why Susan is behaving the way she has been over the past 3 months.Offer three specific recommendations to address the problem of Susan’s job performance.Your well-written paper should meet the following requirements:Be 4-5 pages in length, not including the required cover and reference pages.Formatted according to Saudi Electronic University and APA writing guidelines.Provide support for your statements with in-text citations from a minimum of three scholarly articles from peer-reviewed journal articles.You are strongly encouraged to submit all assignments to the Turnitin Originality Check prior to submitting them to your instructor for grading. If you are unsure how to submit an assignment to the Originality Check tool, review the Turnitin Originality Check Student Guide.4

The Institute of Medicine has stated a goal that 90% of practice be evidence-based by 2020. According to HealthyPeople.gov, the United States is currently at approximately 15%. Discuss two barriers that might hold nursing practice from achieving this goal and suggest ways in which identified barriers may be addressed.