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Proteins biochemistry notes

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Biochemistry- Amino Acids and Proteins Atoms of Protein: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen. Amino Acid: Is the building block of protein. Has a central carbon attached to it. Dipeptide: A combination of 2 amino acids that is combined through the use of H20 which is called condensation. The R indicated above is called a side group, it varies in every amino acid. • 20 Amino Acids - Essential Amino Acids: Can be obtained through diet because your body cannot produce enough amino acids. Peptide bond: Is what holds the amino acids together. Polypeptide: A group of peptides. Are large enough to be considered as proteins. Protein Structures • Primary Structure: chemical bonds. Amino Acids are linked together. • - Non-Essential Amino Acid: These are nutrients that can be produced in the body. Secondary Structure: electrical attractions. Usually twisted into a helix shape because each amino acid has different side chain. - Side chains are positively charged or negatively charged. These can be repelling or attracting each other. • Tertiary Structure: Hydrophilic & Hydrophobic. Same chain of polypeptides in helix form is folded. It forms a circular appearance. • Quaternary Structure: Two or more polypeptides. Structure of Hemoglobin • Hemoglobin: is the protein found in the blood that is responsible for carrying oxygen. - Considered as a quaternary chain as a whole. Chemist’s View of Proteins: Digestion of Protein • Protein: Is uncoiled and loses sha ...
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