Magnetometer

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GEOL-508: GEOPHYSICS

MAGNETOMETERS

 

Timeline of Geomagnesm and Magnetometers

 100 A.D. 

 1180

!"#

 1576$!!!%!

&"

 1600'!!!(!!

(!(

!

 1634)(!!*+,!!!

!

 1701,!!!!+!

 !-

 1722!.!

/!!01

 1740!-!(,

 1741,!!!!

!!*

 1798!(!(!

 !,!+

01,#2(!)

 1828!3!!!!!

!4%!+!

56789:,!!(

!!(;!

 1829'!!'(0<=1><?@

(789A78A7(#(

#B!

 Mid-1830s<!C!+

D!+++<'%!!

 !+C"+E,!+

(,+C$!(

$E&!>

!,!#@CF

 1841 !#(B9?(

+EE!%!

!!!!!

!!+!!!(

78AA,E

 1955(!!7GG

!!!

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GEOL-508: GEOPHYSICS MAGNETOMETERS Timeline of Geomagnetism and Magnetometers 100 A.D. The magnetic compass was invented in China. 1180: The compass was first described in European texts by Guyot de Provins and Alexander Neckam. 1576: Inclination i.e. the angle between the geomagnetic field vector and the horizontal was discovered by Robert Norman. 1600: William Gilbert noted that the variation of inclination with latitude was the same as that around a sphere of loadstone and deduced for the first time that Earth had a magnetic field. 1634: From observations of the field declination in London, Henry Gellibrand concluded that the geomagnetic field changes over time. 1701: Edmund Halley published the first geomagnetic field map, showing the declination throughout the Atlantic Ocean. 1722: George Graham developed a compass that was sufficiently sensitive to observe the fluctuations that we now call "geomagnetic activity". 1740: The diurnal variation in that activity was first noted by Olof Hiorter. 1741: Hiorter observed large magnetic variations that were connected to local auroral displays and magnetic variations were also recorded in London by Graham. 1798: The relative intensity of the geomagnetic field at a no. of locations was measured by Alexander von Humboldt, who first described the disturbances he observed as "geomagnetic storms". His work attracted the interest of Carl Friedrich Gauss. 1828: Carl Gauss subsequently ...
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