case study ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA

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ANGELES UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION

GRADUATE SCHOOL

Master of Arts in Nursing

A Case Study On

ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA

PRESENTED TO

ANNA LYN M.PAANO, RN, MAN

Professor, Concepts I

Presented By

EPIFANIA P. GOGOLIN, RN

MAN Student

I. INTRODUCTION

The terms malignant and cancerous describe cells that are growing and

proliferating in a disorderly, chaotic fashion. In adults, cancer usually occurs in the form of

a solid tumor. In children, the most frequent type of cancer is that of an immature cell

overgrowth, or leukemia (McCance & Heuther,2004).

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is results from a defect from a hematopoeitic

stem cells that differentiates into all myeloid cells: monocytes, granulocytes (neutrophils,

basophils, eosinophils), erythrocytes and platelets (Smeltzer, et al., 2004). AML comprises

approximately 11% of the cases or leukemia in childhood in the United States, with

approximately 400 children diagnosed with AML annually.

Unlike ALL, the incidence of AML is constant from birth throughout the first 10

years of life with a slight peak in late adolescence. Internationally, AML is more commonly

diagnosed in developed countries. AML is also more common in men than in women.

There is no known relationship between race and the incidence of AML. It was observed

though, that AML is more common in whites than in other populations. The difference is

even more apparent in older patients. Prevalence increases with age. However, this

disease affects all age groups (Seiter, 2006).

The prognosis is highly variable. Patient age may be a factor; patients who are

younger may survive for 5 years or more after diagnosis of AML. However., patients who

are older or have a more undifferentiated form of AML tend to have worse prognosis.

Patients with supportive care usually survive less than 1 year, with death usually a result

of infection and hemorrhage (American Cancer Society, 2006).

AML can present with relative subtle, nonspecific symptoms such anorexia,

malaise, irritability, and weight loss. As the disease progresses, they present with signs

and symptoms associated with the failure of normal hematopoiesis, which results from

the replacement of normal marrow cells by malignant cells. The child may exhibit fatigue

pallor, and decreased activity due to anemia; easy bruising and bleeding associated with

thrombocytopenia; or fever and infection secondary to neutropenia. Bone pain and

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ANGELES UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION GRADUATE SCHOOL Master of Arts in Nursing A Case Study On ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA PRESENTED TO ANNA LYN M.PAANO, RN, MAN Professor, Concepts I Presented By EPIFANIA P. GOGOLIN, RN MAN Student I. INTRODUCTION The terms malignant and cancerous describe cells that are growing and proliferating in a disorderly, chaotic fashion. In adults, cancer usually occurs in the form of a solid tumor. In children, the most frequent type of cancer is that of an immature cell overgrowth, or leukemia (McCance & Heuther,2004). Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is results from a defect from a hematopoeitic stem cells that differentiates into all myeloid cells: monocytes, granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils), erythrocytes and platelets (Smeltzer, et al., 2004). AML comprises approximately 11% of the cases or leukemia in childhood in the United States, with approximately 400 children diagnosed with AML annually. Unlike ALL, the incidence of AML is constant from birth throughout the first 10 years of life with a slight peak in late adolescence. Internationally, AML is more commonly diagnosed in developed countries. AML is also more common in men than in women. There is no known relationship between race and the incidence of AML. It was observed though, that AML is more common in whites than in other populations. The difference is even more apparent in older patients. Prevalence increases with age. However, this disease affects ...
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