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Notes in science (Matter)

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Notes in Science
Matter
• A substance is a kind of matter which has a uniform composition and
seawater are mixtures.
• A mixture is a combination of different substances and other materials.
• Matter is made up of the smallest particle called a molecule.
• A molecule is made up of a particle called an atom.
Arrangements and Behaviors of Molecules in Matter
• The arrangement of molecules differ in solid, liquid and gas. The movement of
molecules in three states of matter gives its distinct property. The
characteristics of solid, liquid and gas are due to the arrangement and
behavior of their molecules. Some solids are hard, brittle, flexible, malleable,
ductile and elastic. Liquids have the ability to flow change, into gas and
change into solid and resist flow. Gas has pressure and has the ability to
spread or diffuse and be compressed.
• Molecules in solid are packed closely together. They seem to move or vibrate
back and forth in only one fixed position.
• In liquids, molecules are loosely packed and have spaces in between.
• Molecules of gases are far from each other. They constantly move in all
directions.
Atom and Molecules
• Atom came from the Greek word "atomos", which means indestructible.
Particles of an Atom
• The atom is composed of smaller particles: electron, proton and neutron. An
electron is negatively charged particle; a proton is positively charged particle;
while a neutron is naturally charged particle.
• Quarks are building blocks of an atom's nucleus.
• An electron is a type of particle called lepton.
• The atomic number of an element tells the number of electrons or protons
present in an atom.
• The atomic mass is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an
atom.

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Notes in Science Matter • • • • A substance is a kind of matter which has a uniform composition and seawater are mixtures. A mixture is a combination of different substances and other materials. Matter is made up of the smallest particle called a molecule. A molecule is made up of a particle called an atom. Arrangements and Behaviors of Molecules in Matter • • • • The arrangement of molecules differ in solid, liquid and gas. The movement of molecules in three states of matter gives its distinct property. The characteristics of solid, liquid and gas are due to the arrangeme ...
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