Access over 20 million homework & study documents

Case study yogish

Content type
User Generated
Type
Study Guide
Rating
Showing Page:
1/16
1
Housing Problems
*Dr. S.N.Yogish
Introduction:
India is home to over 1.1 billion people. With about one in every sixth
person in the world living in India, housing perforce assumes significant
importance. Successive Indian governments have regarded housing as a primary
need of its people. The need to provide affordable housing has been the reason
behind state interventions in the sector. Housing policies, however, tended to be
framed by the government from a social rather than economic perspective.
Despite explicit recognition of the need for housing, housing programmes
received low public investment. Housing and subsidies were largely synonymous
and hence the tendency to view housing finance from the angle of the
government’s cash budget and not as a developmental activity with tremendous
spin-offs to the economy.
A significant trigger of change in housing policies in India occurred
pursuant to the global shelter strategy adopted by the United Nations (UN)
countries to establish comprehensive, multi-faceted housing programmes to
provide shelter for all. The Global Shelter Strategy’s main aim was to ensure
social, economic and environmental sustainability while simultaneously
upgrading living conditions. A defining feature of the resolution was that it sought
to involve national governments, private bodies as well as non-governmental
organizations in formulating housing programmes. This provided the impetus to
the Indian government in drafting its first National Housing Policy, which was
tabled in Parliament in 1992 and adopted in August 1994. Subsequently, with a
national agenda of ‘shelter for all’, a new housing and Habitat Policy was adopted
in 1998. This proved to be a watershed with the government’s recognition that it
should withdraw from direct participation in the housing and housing finance
sector and instead take on the role as facilitator, thereby creating an enabling
environment to encourage private sector capital.
Reader, Department of Economics, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta.

Sign up to view the full document!

lock_open Sign Up
Showing Page:
2/16
2
In 2000, UN members adopted eight millennium Development Goals
ranging from eradication of poverty to developing a global partnership for
development. For housing though, it was the seventh goal that would prove to be
important. Goal 7 called for “ensuring environmental stability” and assigned UN-
HABITAT the responsibility of assisting states to monitor and gradually attain the
“cities without Slums” target, popularly known as Target 11. This target calls on
member states to achieve “a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100
million slum dwellers by 2020”. For India, this will prove to be daunting. In 2001,
India’s population estimated to be living in slums was 61.8 million (Ministry of
Urban Employment, 2005).
Survey of Housing Indicators:
List of 52 urban centres and countries included in this paper:
*. Cities from low-income countries:
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Lilongwe, Malawi, Dhaka, Bangladesh,
Antananarivo, Madagascans, Ibadan, Nigeria, Delhi, India, Nairobi, Kenya,
Beijing (Peking), China, Karachi, Pakistan, Accra, Ghana.
*. Cities from low-middle-income countries:
Jakarta, Indonesia, Cairo, Egypt, Harare, Zimbabwe, Dakar, Senegal,
Manila, Philippines, Abidjan, cote d’Ivoire, Rabat, Morocco, Quito, Ecuador,
Amman, Jordan, Bogota, Colombia.
*. Cities from middle-income countries:
Bangkok, Thailand, Tunis, Tunisia, Kingston, Jamaica, Istanbul, Turkey,
Warsaw, Poland, Santiago, Monterey, Mexico, Algiers, Algeria, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia, Johannesburg, South Africa.
*. Cities from mid-high-income countries:
Caracas, Venezuela, Rio de Jameiro, Brazil, Budapest, Hungary,
Bratislava, Slovakia, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Athens, Greece, Tel Aviv, Israel,
Madrid, Spain, Singapore, Hong Kong.
*. Cities from high-income countries:

Sign up to view the full document!

lock_open Sign Up
Showing Page:
3/16

Sign up to view the full document!

lock_open Sign Up
End of Preview - Want to read all 16 pages?
Access Now
Unformatted Attachment Preview
Housing Problems *Dr. S.N.Yogish Introduction: India is home to over 1.1 billion people. With about one in every sixth person in the world living in India, housing perforce assumes significant importance. Successive Indian governments have regarded housing as a primary need of its people. The need to provide affordable housing has been the reason behind state interventions in the sector. Housing policies, however, tended to be framed by the government from a social rather than economic perspective. Despite explicit recognition of the need for housing, housing programmes received low public investment. Housing and subsidies were largely synonymous and hence the tendency to view housing finance from the angle of the government’s cash budget and not as a developmental activity with tremendous spin-offs to the economy. A significant trigger of change in housing policies in India occurred pursuant to the global shelter strategy adopted by the United Nations (UN) countries to establish comprehensive, multi-faceted housing programmes to provide shelter for all. The Global Shelter Strategy’s main aim was to ensure social, economic and environmental sustainability while simultaneously upgrading living conditions. A defining feature of the resolution was that it sought to involve national governments, private bodies as well as non-governmental organizations in formu ...
Purchase document to see full attachment
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Anonymous
Great content here. Definitely a returning customer.

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Similar Documents