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Type 2 Diabetes Essay

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Running head: DIABETES II 1
Diabetes II
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DIABETES II 2
2
Glucose is one of the key nutrients required in the body. However, its amount in the body
has to be regulated and maintained in a very narrow range. This regulation of glucose is
performed by insulin hormone. Insulin is secreted at the pancreas and hence is referred to as
pancreatic endocrine hormones. Insulin is secreted by beta cells, which are normally located at
the pancreas. When the amount of glucose in the blood increases, the stimulus for insulin
secretion triggered. The insulin level secreted in the blood increases as the blood glucose rises.
On the other hand, insulin level in the blood lowers as the amount of glucose in the blood
reduces.
Insulin helps balance the amount of glucose in the body. When a person has high amount
of glucose in the body, insulin helps to store them in the liver and they are released when the
blood sugar level is low or when the person needs more sugar. This work is done by the insulin
receptor. Insulin receptor is a protein, which is attached at the insulin. It is used to pass message
in to the cell. It is made of two copies of protein cells, which come together on the cell binding
on the insulin.
Research by Reaven,(2002) shows that type II diabetics are insulin resistant. This
happens when the insulin acquire resistance to the actions of their receptors. These involve the
phosphorylation of receptors and their substrates, which leads to modification of their action in
insulin signaling.
In type I, diabetes there is usually a problem with insulin. In one case, the pancreatic
cells, which are useful in production of insulin, are destroyed. In other case, the insulin may be in

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Running head: DIABETES II 1 Diabetes II Name Course Tutor Date DIABETES II 2 Glucose is one of the key nutrients required in the body. However, its amount in the body has to be regulated and maintained in a very narrow range. This regulation of glucose is performed by insulin hormone. Insulin is secreted at the pancreas and hence is referred to as pancreatic endocrine hormones. Insulin is secreted by beta cells, which are normally located at the pancreas. When the amount of glucose in the blood increases, the stimulus for insulin secretion triggered. The insulin level secreted in the blood increases as the blood glucose rises. On the other hand, insulin level in the blood lowers as the amount of glucose in the blood reduces. Insulin helps balance the amount of glucose in the body. When a person has high amount of glucose in the body, insulin helps to store them in the liver and they are released when the blood sugar level is low or when the person needs more sugar. This work is done by the insulin receptor. Insulin receptor is a protein, which is attached at the insulin. It is used to pass message in to the cell. It is made of two copies of protein cells, which come together ...
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