Human Growth And Development

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Running head: STAGES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 1

Stages of Cognitive and Psychosocial Development

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STAGES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 2

Stages of Cognitive and Psychosocial Development

Human life is characterized by progressive growth and development beginning from the

time of conception. Growth comprises all the observable characteristic changes observed as a

child grows (Kliegman, 2015). Development, on the other side comprises all the changes that

occurs in an individual’s life in such aspects as; cognitive abilities, psychological maturity

among other characteristics.

The principle behind human growth and development lies in the psychological discovery

that many things in life are learned with increasing age and experience. Psychological theorists:

Jean Piaget, Erikson and Freud came up with varying descriptions and analysis of various stages

of cognitive and psychological development in human life (De Onis, 2014). Having this

information at hand is pertinent in that it enables us to appreciate our own behavior and those of

others and intervene in instances where there is any notable discrepancy in development of an

individual’s life.

There are several stages of cognitive and psychological development as brought forth by

Jean Piaget and Erickson. According to Jean Piaget, human, humans develops cognitively

through four stages. He describes the first stage as the sensorimotor stage. At this stage (age 1-2

years), an infant exhibits reflexive behavior, that is, they cannot learn without performing the

actual activity (Hebb, 2013). As such, a child’s cognitive ability is still young at this stage.

At the age of 2-4 years (preschool age), Piaget reveals that the child portrays a pre-

conceptual and preoperational. The child’s thinking is predominated by magical fantasies and

has no cause and effect reasoning ability. Besides, the child increasingly become focused on his

or her own self. A child portrays marked level of egocentricity and become proud of what they

believe is theirs (De Onis, 2014). In addition, children at this stage of cognitive development

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Running head: STAGES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Stages of Cognitive and Psychosocial Development Name: Course code & title: Name of institution: Instructor Date: 1 STAGES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 2 Stages of Cognitive and Psychosocial Development Human life is characterized by progressive growth and development beginning from the time of conception. Growth comprises all the observable characteristic changes observed as a child grows (Kliegman, 2015). Development, on the other side comprises all the changes that occurs in an individual’s life in such aspects as; cognitive abilities, psychological maturity among other characteristics. The principle behind human growth and development lies in the psychological discovery that many things in life are learned with increasing age and experience. Psychological theorists: Jean Piaget, Erikson and Freud came up with varying descriptions and analysis of various stages of cognitive and psychological development in human life (De Onis, 2014). Having this information at hand is pertinent in that it enables us to appreciate our own behavior and those of others and intervene in instances where there is any notable discrepancy in development of an individual’s life. There are several stages of cognitive and psychological development as brought forth by Jean Piaget and Erickson. According to Jean Piaget, human, humans develops cognitively through four stages. He describes the first stage as the sensorimotor stage. At this stage (age 1-2 years) ...
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