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Accounting
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(a) Distinguish between the two types of cost accounting systems (job order costing and
process costing). (b) May a company use both types of cost accounting systems?
Job order costing is where costs are assigned to a specific job were every job is able of
being identified separately. In this method, every job completed has its costs measured.
Process costing on the other hand is a costing system in which all the products produced
are similar and are produced continuously. Here, costs are assigned to processes and
accumulated over a period of time.
A company may use both systems
(b) Your roommate is curious about the features of process cost accounting. Identify and
explain the distinctive features for your roommate.
It is used where there is continuous and mass production.
It is mainly applicable for assembly line, large volume and the production of similar
products.
Case Study—Accounting Concepts and Financial Statements—Part 1 (25 Points)
You have been hired as an accounting consultant for a first year business owner who wants to
gain more knowledge on the performance of his business. He has employed a bookkeeper to
keep his books throughout the year, but he can’t determine from the information presented
how well his company is doing. He has scheduled a meeting with you on March 1
st
and

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needs more information and examples for the information outlined below. In preparation, he
would like you to do the following:
Provide a response to the questions below, match up the terms and review the financial
statements to prepare for his follow-up questions.
E 221
Horizontal and vertical analyses are analytical tools frequently used to analyze financial
statements. What type of information or insights can be obtained by using these two
techniques? Explain how the output of horizontal analysis and vertical analysis can be
compared to industry averages and/or competitive companies.
Vertical analysis contains information that can be used to compare a firm’s
performance and financial position with that of the industry. Horizontal analysis on the
other hand helps us to view trends and see how an item has changed in relationship to
changes in other items.
For instance, the company can evaluate its current trend in sales and find out its sales
are performing and compare it to other firms sales in the industry. Also comparing its
long term liabilities with that of firms in the industry would let it know if it has taken a
large amount of debt.
E 223
What do the following classes of ratios measure? (a) Liquidity ratios. (b) Profitability ratios.
(c) Solvency ratios.
Liquidity ratios measure the short-term ability of the enterprise to pay its maturing
obligations and to meet unexpected needs for cash.

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(a) Distinguish between the two types of cost accounting systems (job order costing and process costing). (b) May a company use both types of cost accounting systems? Job order costing is where costs are assigned to a specific job were every job is able of being identified separately. In this method, every job completed has its costs measured. Process costing on the other hand is a costing system in which all the products produced are similar and are produced continuously. Here, costs are assigned to processes and accumulated over a period of time. A company may use both systems (b) Your roommate is curious about the features of process cost accounting. Identify and explain the distinctive features for your roommate. It is used where there is continuous and mass production. It is mainly applicable for assembly line, large volume and the production of similar products. Case Study—Acc ...
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