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PSY103 NOTES
Two individuals who put an emphasis on Life-Span Perspective:
1. Ted Kaczynski
The convicted Unabomber, whose difficulty can be traced from growing up as a genius in a kid’s
body and not fitting everywhere when he was a child.
2. Alice Walker
She won the Pulitzer Price for her The Color Purple Book, which is focus in battling racism,
overcoming pain and anger to triumph and celebrate human victory.
Life-Span Perspectives
Key Features:
1. Defines the importance of studying life-span development
2. Emphasizes the characteristic of Life-span perspectives
3. Introduce contemporary concerns
The perspective that development is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic,
multidisciplinary, and contextual; involves growth, maintenance, and regulation; and is
constructed through biological, sociocultural, and individual factors working together.
Development
-the pattern of movement or changes that begins at conception and continues through the human
life span.
1. Development is Lifelong
There is no age period that dominates development.
2. Development is Multidimensional
It consists of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions. Where it also touches
the attitude, abstract thinking, speed of processing information and etc.
3. Development is Multidirectional
Some developmental dimensions expand and other shrink.
4. Development is Plastic
It means development has the capacity to change.
5. Developmental as Science is Multidisciplinary
Refers to how the environment and heredity affects an individual’s development.
6. Development is Contextual
Development occurs in a setting. It may be a family, peers, cities, school.
The Different Types of Developmental Context Influence:
1. Normative Age-Graded Influence
A stage where individuals are similar in experiencing various things. This includes
puberty, menopause and beginning of formal education.
2. Normative History-Graded Influence
Common to people in particular generation because of historical circumstance.
3. Non-normative Life Events
This is the unusual occurrence that have a major impact on individual’s life.
7. Development Involves Growth, Maintenance, and Regulation of Loss
In our younger years, growth takes the center stage of development. As we grow up,
maintenance and regulation take the center stage in greater depth.

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8. Development is a Co-construction of Biology, Culture and Individual
The brain shapes culture, but the culture shapes itself and the individual is influenced by
heredity and environmental factors.
Some Contemporary Issues
1. Health and Well-being
2. Parenting and Education
3. Sociocultural Context and Diversity
Sociocultural Context and Diversity
Shaped by sociocultural context with concepts of culture, ethnicity, socio-economic status, and
gender.
Culture
It encompasses the patterns of behavior and all other products of particular group of people that
are passed from generations to generations.
Cross-cultural Studies
It compares the two aspects of two or more cultures. It provides an information about the degree
to which development is similar and distinct among cultures.
Ethnicity
Comes from the Greek word “nation” that is rooted in cultural heritage, nationality and race,
religion, and language.
Socioeconomic Status
Refers to a person’s position within society based on occupational, educational, and economic
status. Also, it implies societal inequalities.
Gender
Refers to the characteristics of people as males and females.
Social Policy
A government’s course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizen. The values,
economics and politics are the things that shapes a nation’s policy.
Nature and Development
Biological processes produce changes in an individual’s physical nature. Genes inherited from
parents, the development of the brain, height and weight gains, changes in motor skills, nutrition,
exercise, the hormonal changes of puberty, and cardiovascular decline are all examples of
biological processes that affect development.
Cognitive processes refer to changes in the individual’s thought, intelligence, and language.
Watching a colorful mobile swinging above the crib, putting together a two-word sentence,
memorizing a poem, imagining what it would be like to be a movie star, and solving a crossword
puzzle all involve cognitive processes.
Socioemotional processes involve changes in the individual’s relationships with other people,
changes in emotions, and changes in personality. An infant’s smile in response to a parent’s touch,
a toddler’s aggressive attack on a playmate, a school-age child’s development of assertiveness, an
adolescent’s joy at the senior prom, and the affection of an elderly couple all reflect the role of
socioemotional processes in development.
Developmental social neuroscience examines connections between socio-emotional processes,
development.

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PSY103 NOTES Two individuals who put an emphasis on Life-Span Perspective: 1. Ted Kaczynski The convicted Unabomber, whose difficulty can be traced from growing up as a genius in a kid’s body and not fitting everywhere when he was a child. 2. Alice Walker She won the Pulitzer Price for her The Color Purple Book, which is focus in battling racism, overcoming pain and anger to triumph and celebrate human victory. Life-Span Perspectives Key Features: 1. Defines the importance of studying life-span development 2. Emphasizes the characteristic of Life-span perspectives 3. Introduce contemporary concerns The perspective that development is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual; involves growth, maintenance, and regulation; and is constructed through biological, sociocultural, and individual factors working together. Development -the pattern of movement or changes that begins at conception and continues through the human life span. 1. Development is Lifelong There is no age period that dominates development. 2. Development is Multidimensional It consists of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions. Where it also touches the attitude, abstract thinking, speed of processing information and etc. 3. Development is Multidirectional Some developmental dimensions expand and other shrink. 4. Development is Plastic It means development has the capacity to change. 5. Developmental as Science is Multidisciplinary Refers to how th ...
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