SAFETY IN MATERIAL HANDLING

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UNIT-IV

SAFETY IN MATERIAL HANDLING

I.AS/RS SYSTEM

An automated storage and retrieval system (ASRS or AS/RS) consists of a variety of computer-

controlled methods for automatically placing and retrieving loads from specific storage locations.

[1]

Automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) are typically used in applications where: there is a

very high volume of loads being moved into and out of storage; storage density is important because of

space constraints; no value adding content is present in this process; accuracy is critical because of

potential expensive damages to the load. AS/RS can be used with standard loads as well as

nonstandard loads.

[2]

]Overview

AS/RS systems are devices designed for automated storage and retrieval of parts and items in

manufacturing, distribution, retail, wholesale and institutions. They first originated in the 1980s.

[citation

needed]

They are compact units that utilize the unused overhead space of a plant or warehouse, and

convert to live storage of product. Items can be placed on trays or hang from bars, which are attached

to chains/drives in order to move up and down. They focus on bringing "goods to the man" rather than

manual walking and searching. Space savings, increased productivity/reduced labor, increased

accuracy and reduced inventory levels are some of the primary benefits. Ideal for lean

manufacturing, sustainability, Six Sigma, Kanban, JIT and other value added methodologies and

processes. The equipment required for an AS/RS include a storage & retrieval machine (SRM) that is

used for rapid storage and retrieval of material. SRMs are used to move loads vertically or horizontally,

and can also move laterally to place objects in the correct storage location.

[3]

The traditional vending machine is the most common and familiar AS/RS system but because the

application is to do with retail sales, the logistic concept of a vending machine is missed.

The trend towards just in time production often requires sub-pallet level availability of production inputs,

and AS/RS is a much faster way of organizing the storage of smaller items next to production lines.

Traditional high bay warehouses are designed with pallet storage in mind, and if goods are being

delivered in sub pallet quantities, high bay warehouses are problematic.

Material Handling Institute of America (MHIA), the non-profit trade association for the material handling

world, and its members have broken AS/RS into two primary segments: Fixed Aisle and

Carousels/Vertical Lift Modules (VLMs). Both sets of technologies provide automated storage and

retrieval for parts and items, but use different technologies. Each technology has its unique set of

benefits and disadvantages (like everything in the world). Fixed Aisle systems are characteristically

larger systems whereas carousels and Vertical Lift Modules are used individually or grouped, but in

small to medium-sized applications.

Fixed-aisle AS/RS is categorized into three main types: single-masted, double masted, and man-

aboard. Most are supported on a track and ceiling guided at the top by guide rails or channels to ensure

accurate vertical alignment, although some are suspended from the ceiling. The 'shuttles' that make up

the system travel between fixed storage shelves to deposit or retrieve a requested load (ranging from a

single book in a library system to a several ton pallet of goods in a warehouse system). As well as

moving along the ground, the shuttles are able to telescope up to the necessary height to reach the

load, and can store or retrieve loads that are several positions deep in the shelving. A semi-automated

system can be achieved by utilizing only specialized shuttles within an existing rack system.

To provide a method for accomplishing throughput to and from the AS/RS and the supporting

transportation system, stations are provided to precisely position inbound and outbound loads for pickup

and delivery by the crane.

In addition, there are five types of AS/RS devices called Unit-load AS/RS, Mini-load AS/RS, Vertical Lift

Modules (VLMs), Horizontal Carousels and Vertical Carousels. These systems are used either as

stand-alone units or in integrated workstations called pods or systems. These units are usually

integrated with various types of pick to light systems and use either a microprocessor controller for

basic usage or inventory management software. These systems are ideal for increasing space

utilization up to 90%, productivity levels by 90%, accuracy to 99.9%+ levels and throughput up to 750

lines per hour/per operator or more depending on the configuration of the system.

]Advantages

An effective automated storage and retrieval system provides several benefits for supply chain

management:

 An efficient AS/RS system helps companies cut expenses by minimizing the amount of

unnecessary parts and products instorage, and improving organization of the contents of a

warehouse. Due to automated processes, it also allows for more storage space due to high-density

storage, narrower aisles, etc.

[4]

 Automation reduces labor costs while lowering workforce requirements and increasing safety.

[5]

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UNIT-IV SAFETY IN MATERIAL HANDLING I.AS/RS SYSTEM An?automated storage and retrieval system?(ASRS?or?AS/RS) consists of a variety of computer-controlled methods for automatically placing and retrieving loads from specific storage locations.[1]?Automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) are typically used in applications where: there is a very high volume of loads being moved into and out of storage; storage density is important because of space constraints; no value adding content is present in this process; accuracy is critical because of potential expensive damages to the load. AS/RS can be used with standard loads as well as nonstandard loads.[2] ]Overview AS/RS systems are devices designed for automated storage and retrieval of parts and items in manufacturing, distribution, retail, wholesale and institutions. They first originated in the 1980s.[citation needed]?They are compact units that utilize the unused overhead space of a plant or warehouse, and convert to live storage of product. Items can be placed on trays or hang from bars, which are attached to chains/drives in order to move up and down. They focus on bringing "goods to the man" rather than manual walking and searching. Space savings, increased productivity/reduced labor, increased accuracy and reduced inventory levels are some of the primary benefits. Ideal for?lean manufacturing,?sustainability,?Six Sigma,?Kanban,?JIT?and other value added methodologies and processes. The equipment required for an AS/ ...
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