Access over 20 million homework & study documents

Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is a disease

Content type
User Generated
Type
Study Guide
Rating
Showing Page:
1/41
1
I. INTRODUCTION:
Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is a disease affecting the urinary tract. Kidney
stones are small deposits that build up in the kidneys, made of calcium,
phosphate and other components of foods. They are a common cause of blood
in urine. Some types of stones tend to run in families. Some types may be
associated with other conditions such as bowel disease, ileal bypass for obesity,
or renal tubule defects. A personal or family history of stones is associated with
increased risk of stone formation. Other risk factors include renal tubular acidosis
and resultant nephrocalcinosis. Kidney stone formation may result when the
urine becomes overly concentrated with certain substances. These substances in
the urine may complex to form small crystals and subsequently stones.
Stones may not produce symptoms until they begin to move down the ureter,
causing pain. The pain is severe and often starts in the flank region and moves
down to the groin. The size of the renal stone will dictate the natural history of
this condition.
If the stone is less the 5mm in diameter, then it will most likely pass on future
urination. If the stone is larger than 5mm, urological procedures may be required
to remove the stone. Surgical intervention will be required in any patient whose
urinary tract in completely obstructed. This situations represents a surgical
emergency. Symptoms of renal stone disease may include:
Pain: unilateral or bilateral flank or back pain. Is is normally severe and
colicky (spasm-like) in nature, radiating to the pelvis, groin and/or genitals.
Nausea,
Vomiting,
Urinary frequency/urgency,
Haematuria (blood in the urine),
Abdominal pain,
Dysuria (painful urination),
Nocturia (excessive at night),
Urinary hesitancy,
Fever,
Chills and
Abnormal urine color or smell.
A number of blood and urine tests will be required to detect the presence of
infection and test the function of the kidneys. Urinary tests may also allow the type
of stone to be identified, allowing further guidance of therapy.
When urinary stones are suspected, a x-ray of the abdomen is also required to
detect the stones or any other problem causing a similar set of symptoms.
Kidney stones are painful but usually are excreted without causing permanent
damage. They tend to recur, especially if the underlying cause is not found and
treated.

Sign up to view the full document!

lock_open Sign Up
Showing Page:
2/41
2
II. PATIENT’S PROFILE:
Name: Rodel Garcia
Age: 25 years old
Sex: Male
Civil Status: Married
Religion: Roman Catholic
Address: Ilocos Norte
Occupation: Soldier
Current Diagnosis:
Nephrolithiasis left
II. CHIEF COMPLAINTS:
The patient complains of pain at right lower quadrant area radiating to flank
right.
III. HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:
Patient came in with an ultrasound result of nephrolithiasis left hence,
admission.
IV. PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:
At the year of 2004 she underwent TAHBSO because of ovarian cyst at
Veterans Hospital. And in 2007 she was hospitalized because of diabetes.
Pt. has no allergies with medications prescribed to her. She has no
injuries or accidents incurred. Pt. is hypertensive and diabetic.
V. SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY:
Mrs. R.M 52 years old mother of 6 children admits that at the age of 18
she began to smoke 5 sticks per day then stopped at year 2009 but started to
drink occasionally for socialization purposes. She is fond of eating high salt and
high sugar foods with a bottle of acidic beverages. Almost everyday, she eats
junk foods, softdrinks and loves to eat in fast food restaurants like jollibee, KFC,
and Mcdo.
The client is a housewife, and is a high school graduate. She is friendly
and loves to mingle with others. Due to her kindness, generosity, and friendly

Sign up to view the full document!

lock_open Sign Up
Showing Page:
3/41

Sign up to view the full document!

lock_open Sign Up
End of Preview - Want to read all 41 pages?
Access Now
Unformatted Attachment Preview
I. INTRODUCTION: Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is a disease affecting the urinary tract. Kidney stones are small deposits that build up in the kidneys, made of calcium, phosphate and other components of foods. They are a common cause of blood in urine. Some types of stones tend to run in families. Some types may be associated with other conditions such as bowel disease, ileal bypass for obesity, or renal tubule defects. A personal or family history of stones is associated with increased risk of stone formation. Other risk factors include renal tubular acidosis and resultant nephrocalcinosis. Kidney stone formation may result when the urine becomes overly concentrated with certain substances. These substances in the urine may complex to form small crystals and subsequently stones. Stones may not produce symptoms until they begin to move down the ureter, causing pain. The pain is severe and often starts in the flank region and moves down to the groin. The size of the renal stone will dictate the natural history of this condition. If the stone is less the 5mm in diameter, then it will most likely pass on future urination. If the stone is larger than 5mm, urological procedures may be required to remove the stone. Surgical intervention will be required in any patient whose urinary tract in completely obstructed. This situations represents a surgical emergency. Symptoms of renal stone disease may include: Pain: unilateral or bilateral flank or back pain. Is is normally severe ...
Purchase document to see full attachment
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Anonymous
Great! Studypool always delivers quality work.

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4