TYPES OF SALTS (i) Following are the main classes of salts: (i) Normal salts (ii) Acidic salts (iii) Basic salts (iv) Double salts (vi) Complex salts (v) Mixed salts NORMAL OR NEUTRAL SALTS Definition “A salt formed by the total replacement of ionizable H + ions of an acid by a positive metal ion or NH4+ ions is called normal or neutral salt.” Characteristics These salts are neutral to litmus. Example 𝐇𝐂𝐥(𝐚𝐪) + 𝐊𝐎𝐇(𝐚𝐪) 𝐊𝐂𝐥(𝐚𝐪) + 𝐇𝟐 𝐎(𝐥) Hydrochloric Potassium hydroxide acid 𝐇𝟐 𝐒𝐎𝟒(𝐚𝐪) + 𝐙𝐧𝐎(𝐬) Potassium Water chloride 𝐙𝐧𝐒𝐎𝟒(𝐚𝐪) + 𝐇𝟐 𝐎(𝐥) Sulphuric acid 𝐇𝟑 𝐏𝐎𝟒(𝐚𝐪) + Phosphoric acid 𝐇𝐍𝐎𝟑(𝐚𝐪) + Zinc oxide 𝟑𝐍𝐚𝐎𝐇(𝐚𝐪) Sodium hydroxide 𝐍𝐇𝟒 𝐎𝐇(𝐚𝐪) Zinc Water sulphate 𝐍𝐚𝟑 𝐏𝐎𝟒(𝐚𝐪) + 𝟑𝐇𝟐 𝐎(𝐥) Sodium Water phosphate 𝐍𝐇𝟒 𝐍𝐎𝟑(𝐚𝐪) + 𝐇𝟐 𝐎(𝐥) Nitric acid Ammonium hydroxide Ammonium nitrate Water (ii) ACIDIC SALTS Definition “These salts are formed by partial replacement of a replaceable H+ ions of an acid by a positive metal ion.” Example 𝐇𝟐 𝐒𝐎𝟒(𝐚𝐪) + 𝐊𝐎𝐇(𝐚𝐪) Sulphuric acid Potassium hydroxide 𝐇𝟐 𝐒𝐎𝟒(𝐚𝐪) + 𝐍𝐚𝐎𝐇(𝐚𝐪) Phosphoric acid Sodium hydroxide 𝐊𝐇𝐒𝐎𝟒(𝐚𝐪) + 𝐇𝟐 𝐎(𝐥) Potassium Water Hy ...
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