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2) METHODOLOGY

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Chapter 2
METHODOLOGY
This section of the paper provides a thorough discussion of the methodology
which was applied in this study, particularly the research design, the respondents of the
study, the instruments used in gathering data, the gathering procedure, and the statistical
treatment of the data which helped the researchers arrive at the findings.
Research Design
The descriptive design using quantitative approach was used in this study. The
design employed survey as a tool for gathering data. A descriptive research is devoted to
the gathering of information about prevailing conditions or situations for the purpose of
description and interpretation (Aggarwal, 2008). It is the most basic form of research that
involves the description of the forms, actions, and changes over time of the natural and
non-natural phenomena (Simon, 2012). The Office of Human Research Protections
(OHRP) defines a descriptive study as “any study that is not truly experimental.” In
human research, a descriptive study can provide information about the naturally
occurring health status, behavior, attitudes or other characteristics of a particular group.
Descriptive studies are usually the best methods for collecting information that
will demonstrate relationships and describe the world as it exists. These types of studies
are often done before an experiment to know what specific things to manipulate and
include in an experiment. Bickman and Rog (1998) suggest that descriptive studies can
answer questions as “what is” or “what was.” Descriptive studies are also conducted to
demonstrate associations or relationships between things in the world around you.

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Respondents of the Study
The respondents of this study were the 1139 Bachelor of Science in Marine
Transportation students (BSMT), 892 Bachelor of Science in Marine Engineering
students (BSMarE), and 386 Bachelor of Science in Customs Administration (BSCA) and
Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management (BSHRM) students of John B.
Lacson Colleges Foundation Bacolod all enrolled during the second semester of school
year 2016-2017. The respondents of this study were considered large enough, thus a
sample size of 344 out of 2,417 was computed using the Slovin’s Formula. The sample
was selected using stratified random sampling.
Table 2.1
Distribution of Respondents
COURSE
N
N
BSMT
1139
162
BSMarE
892
127
BSCA & BSHRM
386
55
TOTAL
2417
344
Research Instrument
The type of research instrument employed in gathering data was a
researcher-made survey questionnaire that was presented to a set of experts for
content validity. The instrument was composed of two parts. The first part included
an introduction explaining the purpose of the said survey and appreciation to the

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Chapter 2 METHODOLOGY This section of the paper provides a thorough discussion of the methodology which was applied in this study, particularly the research design, the respondents of the study, the instruments used in gathering data, the gathering procedure, and the statistical treatment of the data which helped the researchers arrive at the findings. Research Design The descriptive design using quantitative approach was used in this study. The design employed survey as a tool for gathering data. A descriptive research is devoted to the gathering of information about prevailing conditions or situations for the purpose of description and interpretation (Aggarwal, 2008). It is the most basic form of research that involves the description of the forms, actions, and changes over time of the natural and non-natural phenomena (Simon, 2012). The Office of Human Research Protections (OHRP) defines a descriptive study as “any study that is not truly experimental.” In human research, a descriptive study can provide information about the naturally occurring health status, behavior, attitudes or other characteristics of a particular group. Descriptive studies are usually the best methods for collecting information that will demonstrate relationships and describe the world as it exists. These types of studies are often done before an experiment to know what specific things to manipulate and include in an experiment. Bickman and Rog (1998) suggest that descriptive studies can answer q ...
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