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Cervical plexus assignment

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DPT(SCTION-B) 18-MAY2021
SEMESTER# 03
FAHEEMA HUSSAIN
21157 ANATOMY
Q: Draw a labeled diagram showing the formation of cervical plexus & its terminal nerve
roots also Explain the anatomy of cervical plexus, the branches of cervical plexus and
innervations in flow diagram.?
Spinal Nerves
The spinal nerves C1 C4 form the basis of the cervical plexus.At each vertebral level, paired
spinal nerves leave the spinal cord via the intervertebral foramina of the vertebral column.Each
nerve then divides into anterior and posterior nerve fibres. The cervical plexus begins as
the anterior fibres of the spinal nerves C1, C2, C3 and C4.These fibres combine with each other
to form the branches of the cervical plexus.
CERVICAL PLEXUS
The cervical plexus is
a network of nerve fibres that
supplies innervation to some
of the structures in the neck and
trunk.
It is located in the posterior
triangle of the neck, halfway up
the sternocleidomastoid muscle,
and within the prevertebral
layer of cervical fascia. The
plexus is formed by the
anterior rami (divisions) of
cervical spinal nerves C1-C4.

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DPT(SCTION-B) 18-MAY2021
SEMESTER# 03
Branches of the Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus gives rise to numerous branches which supply structures in the head and
neck. They can broadly be divided into two groups: muscular branches and sensory branches.
Nerves to
Geniohyoid and
Thyrohyroid
The C1 spinal nerve gives rise to nerves to the geniohyoid (moves the hyoid bone anteriorly and upwards, expanding the airway) and the thyrohyoid(which depresses the
hyoid bone and elevates the larynx).
These nerves travel with the hypoglossal nerve to reach their respective muscles.
Ansa
Cervicalis
The ansa cervicalis is a loop of nerves, formed by nerve roots C1-C3. It gives off four muscular branches:
Superior belly of the omohyoid muscle
Inferior belly of omohyoid muscle
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
These muscles (the infrahyoids) act to depress the hyoid bone; an important function for swallowing and speech.
Phrenic nerve
The phrenic nerve arises from the anterior rami of C3-C5. It provides motor innervation to the diaphragm.
After arising from the cervical plexus, the nerve travels down the surface of the anterior scalene muscle and enters the thorax. In the thoracic cavity, the
nerve descends anteriorly to the root of the lung to reach the diaphragm.
A good memory aid for the roots of the phrenic nerve is C3,4,5 keeps the diaphragm alive.
Other
Muscular
Branches
C1-C2: Rectus capitis anterior and lateralis
C1-C3: Longus capitis
C2-C3: Prevertebral muscles and sternocleidomastoid
C3-C4: Levator scapulae, trapezius and scalenus medius
The middle and anterior scalenus muscles also receive innervation directly from the cervical plexus.
Sensory Branches:The cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus supply the skin of the neck, upper thorax,
scalp and ear. These nerves all enter the skin at the middle of the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid. This
area is known as the nerve point of the neck (Erb’s point), and is utilised when performing a cervical plexus nerve
block.
Muscular Branches:The muscular branches of the cervical plexus are located deep to the sensory
branches. They supply some of the muscles of the neck, back and the diaphragm.After arising from the
cervical plexus, the muscular branches tend to travel initially in an anteromedial direction. This is in contrast
to the cutaneous branches, which travel posteriorly.

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DPT(SCTION-B) FAHEEMA HUSSAIN 21157 18-MAY2021 ANATOMY Q: Draw a labeled diagram showing the formation of cervical plexus & its terminal nerve roots also Explain the anatomy of cervical plexus, the branches of cervical plexus and innervations in flow diagram.? CERVICAL PLEXUS The cervical plexus is a network of nerve fibres that supplies innervation to some of the structures in the neck and trunk. It is located in the posterior triangle of the neck, halfway up the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and within the prevertebral layer of cervical fascia. The plexus is formed by the anterior rami (divisions) of cervical spinal nerves C1-C4. ➢ Spinal Nerves The spinal nerves C1 – C4 form the basis of the cervical plexus.At each vertebral level, paired spinal nerves leave the spinal cord via the intervertebral foramina of the vertebral column.Each nerve then divides into anterior and poster ...
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