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Physics Exam General study notes Current electricity

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CURRENT ELECTRICITY • Moving Charge and Eclectic Current • Potential Difference and Electromotive Force • Resistance • Current/PD characteristics and Ohm's Law • Thermistors • Resistivity CURRENT ELECTRICITY Moving Charge and Electricity ⇒ Electric current is a flow of electric charge ⇒ The size of the electric current, I, is the rate of flow of electric charge, which is given by the equation: • Where Q is the charge in coulombs, C, and t is the time in seconds ⇒ Electric current is measured in amperes, A, by an ammeter connected in series with components ⇒ The potential difference or voltage, V, between two points in an electric circuit is the work done (energy transferred), W, per coulomb of charge that passes between the points and is given by the equation: ⇒ Potential difference is measured in vols, V, by a voltmeter connected in parallel with components ⇒ The resistance of a component, R, can be found by measuring the current, I, through and potential difference, V, across the component; resistance is defined by the equation: ⇒ Resistance is measured in Ohms, Ω ⇒ The current flowing through, the potential difference across and the resistance of a component are related by the equation: V = I x R • For example, if the current in the circuit below is 4.5 A and the resistance is 4.0Ω, the potential difference across the resistor is 18V ⇒ The potential difference provided by cells connected in series is the sum of the potential ...
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