Wk 3 - Summative Assessment: Public Policy and Sentencing Guidelines Sentencing guidelines are determined through best practice research and public policies. Criminal justice practitioners must be well-informed regarding public policies and trends that impact sentencing in order to uphold best practices. In this summative assessment, you look at your state’s sentencing guidelines for 2 crimes, as well as the public policies that influenced them.Research examples of sentencing guidelines for 2 specific crimes in your state and the public policies that influenced these guidelines. Write a 1,400- to 1,750-word analysis of sentencing guidelines and the related public policies. Address the following in your paper:Identify the 2 crimes you researched.Describe the sentencing guidelines in your state for each crime. Compare the sentencing guidelines for adult offenders and juvenile offenders for each crime. Compare the sentencing guidelines of your state to the guidelines of another state and the guidelines at the federal level for each crime. Describe public policies and trends that influenced the sentencing guidelines in your state for the crimes you researched.Explain the impetus for the public policies and data that supported the public policies.Propose a change to the sentencing policies in your state for the crimes researched and substantiate your proposal with support from research on the benefits of this change. Submit your assignment.ResourcesCenter for Writing ExcellenceReference and Citation GeneratorGrammar Assistance

Use your study guide, lectures, notes, and other online resources (Google is always your friend if used wisely) to answer the following question. You will rely on the two articles “The Essence of Innocence” and “Culture of Violence” to answer the question. Try to focus mainly on the abstract, methods, discussion, and conclusion section. Also, it will be important to try to read the introduction sentences and conclusion sentences of each section as they generally summarize the paragraph. Be thoughtful and be through though. The answers are there and there can be several right answers. The research question and hypothesis may also give you evidence and help guide you. I recommend typing your answers on a word document and posting here to ensure you keep a copy. If you have technical issues, you must email IT and CC me. Please do not wait until the last minute. I use Turnitin, be sure to use your own words. The articles are attached below. Both of these articles rely on many variables of interest. Using the “The Essence of Innocence” article, determine at least one Independent Variable (IDV) and at least one Dependent Variable (DV). Are there any control variables? Are there confounding variables? List them and discuss briefly.Then, discuss how the authors are measuring the IDV and the DV. Be sure to use NOIR and other key terms in the guide in your discussion. Define what validity and reliability mean and how you personally feel the authors dealt with these concepts. Finally, what were at least two findings in “The Essence of Innocence” article and what type of reasoning are they using, deductive or inductive? Using the “Culture of Violence Article” determine what method they are using and discuss how it is different from the method used in “The Essence of Innocence”. How did the authors deal with reliability in this study?What is the population and sample used in the “Culture of Violence” article? How did they select their sample? Can they generalize? Why or why not? What type of reasoning is used, deductive or inductive? Using your own words, desribe and define respect of persons, beneficence, and justice in relation to ethics in research. Then, discuss briefly at least three ethical considerations one should have in these two projects. Do the authors attend to these things? (All three can be based on one of the other article. Three total).

Db 1.The discussion assignment for this week includes a review of the Key Assignment Outline completed by one of your classmates, as well as a substantial response to at least one other student.Primary Task Response: Your first task is to post your own Key Assignment Outline to the discussion area so that other students are able to review your plan. Attach your document to the main discussion post, and include any notes you feel are appropriate. The purpose of this assignment is to help improve the quality of the Key Assignment Draft you will complete next week.*********Individual Assignment *******Each state has its own homeland security strategic plan. These plans were developed based on post-9/11 guidance and are a condition of receiving most, if not all, DHS grants. The most recent guidance issued by DHS to the states is the 2005 document State and Urban Area Homeland Security Strategy: Guidance on Aligning Strategies with the National Preparedness Goal and the 2007 National Preparedness Guidelines. One of the many benefits of following these guidance documents is that each state plan is organized in a similar manner.The ProjectYou work in the State A Office of Homeland Security, and a new governor was recently elected in your state. The new governor has recently read the National Governors Association document entitled "A Governor's Guide to Homeland Security," and the governor has requested a briefing on how well the State Homeland Security Strategic Plan (SHSSP) aligns with current federal guidelines and available best practices.You are assigned to assess whether your state’s current homeland security strategic plan aligns well with the State and Urban Area Homeland Security Strategy: Guidance on Aligning Strategies with the National Preparedness Goal, the National Preparedness Guidelines, and other federal guidelines, as well as any widely accepted best practices. Then, you are to present your findings in a brief report to the governor. To guide your assessment process, you are directed to use assessment tools such as the Homeland Security Institute’s document Homeland Security Strategic Planning: Mission Area Analysis.Assignment Guidelines Step 1If you are not already familiar with the documents, review and become familiar with the following:A Governor's Guide to Homeland SecurityHomeland Security Directive 8: National Preparedness.State and Urban Area Homeland Security Strategy: Guidance on Aligning Strategies With the National Preparedness GoalNational Preparedness GuidelinesTarget Capabilities List: A Companion to the National Preparedness GuidelinesFiscal Year 2008 Homeland Security Grant Program: Investment Planning Worksheet (see Attachment A to this assignment for a summary)Homeland Security Strategic Planning: Mission Area AnalysisAll of these documents are available on government Web sites and can be found through simple Internet searches.Step 2Search the Internet, and select a current state homeland security strategic plan to assess. Most states have posted their plans on the Web. Make sure you select the state's most recent plan. You may pick the one from the state where you reside or from another state. A possible source of plans can be the National Governors Association's Overview of States Homeland Security Governance.Step 3Using the library, conduct a literature search for articles and other information relevant to this assignment. In preparing this assignment, you must incorporate a minimum of 3 scholarly (peer-reviewed) sources.Step 4Using the above steps, the results of your literature search, and course textbooks, at a minimum, answer the following questions in your report to the governor, which should be 2-3 pages in length:Is the format of the SHSSP consistent with the guidance in the State and Urban Area Homeland Security Strategy: Guidance on Aligning Strategies With the National Preparedness Goal?If not, where is it inconsistent?Does the current SHSSP meet the “update” requirements found on page 7 of the State and Urban Area Homeland Security Strategy: Guidance on Aligning Strategies with the National Preparedness Goal?If not, where do you believe the SHSSP needs to be updated?Does the SHSSP effectively incorporate the national priorities?More specifically, does the SHSSP’s goals and objectives align with the national priorities?Make sure to use the most up-to-date guidance in the 2007 National Preparedness Guidelines and Homeland Security Strategic Planning: Mission Area Analysis in answering this question.Does the SHSSP effectively incorporate the mission areas of prevention, protection, response, and recovery? How does the SHSSP consider risk? Is the SHSSP risk-based? Make sure to support your arguments.After completing your assessment of the SHSSP, what are your findings?Is the SHSSP consistent with current federal guidance? Is the SHSSP state-of-the-art? Is it an all-hazards plan? Were best practices (risk-based, etc.) utilized in developing the plan? Explain in detail.Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.DB 2.The discussion assignment for this week includes a review of the Key Assignment Outline completed by one of your classmates, as well as a substantial response to at least one other student.Primary Task Response: Your first task is to post your own Key Assignment Outline to the discussion area so that other students are able to review your plan. Attach your document to the main discussion post, and include any notes you feel are appropriate. The purpose of this assignment is to help improve the quality of the Key Assignment Draft you will complete next week.*****Individual Project******A suicide bomber has detonated his incendiary device on the Pink Line of the "El" in Chicago, IL. The emergency response teams have quickly extinguished the fire and have begun to treat the wounded. The explosion took place at 5 p.m. on a busy Thursday afternoon. The initial estimates are that 14 people have been killed and 67 wounded. There is also significant infrastructure damage to the Ashland station, impeding traffic on the Green and Pink lines as well as to and from the Illinois Medical District. Al-Shabaab, a terrorist group from Somalia, has claimed responsibility in response to the U.S. Navy's killing of Somali pirates. Al-Shabaab warns that 2 more explosions will occur somewhere in other major U.S. cities. Their rationale is that three pirates were killed, and therefore three explosions will occur.As can be expected, the public across the U.S. is in a panic. You are the public relations director for the Deputy Director of Homeland Security. He has asked you to develop a comprehensive white paper explaining the intervention options that the state and federal government can exercise to alleviate public fear and anxiety. He wants to make sure that you anticipate economic impacts at the local, state, and federal levels; use historical incidents if necessary. Your paper will be the basis for an upcoming DHS press conference in which the Deputy Director will attempt to assuage the public’s fear.Assignment GuidelinesAddress the following in 1,250–1,500 words:Provide a brief summary of the event.What psychological impacts will most likely be presentat the local level? Explainat the national level? Explain.What could be the social impacts? Explain.Consider that the attack has significantly affected a major form of public transit for a major city.What could be the economic impacts? Explain.Consider consumer confidence and impacts to businesses.How would the government respond to the attack? Explain. How would the government address the psychological, social, and economic impacts? Explain.Consider immediate, short-term, and long-term impacts.Remember to fully support your arguments with scholarly resources.Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.-For the DBs Question: Create a Key Outline in reference to Individual assignment.Db1 and Indivdual Assignment 1Db2 and Indiducal Assignwemtn 2