QUESTION 1Match each cell type with the correct description. - A. B. C. D. Chondrocyte - A. B. C. D. Osteocyte - A. B. C. D. Osteoblast - A. B. C. D. OsteoclastA.produces extra cellular matrix protein scaffold for boneB.When active, increases the extracellular calcium concentration in the ECFC.when active, decreases the concentration of calcium in the ECFD.mature bone cell1 points QUESTION 2Which of the following statements about Helper T cells are true? Choose all of the correct answers.Helper T Cells express TCRs.Helper T cells express BCRs.Helper T cells interact with antigens bound to Class I MHC molecules on other cells.Helper T cells interact with antigens bount to Class II MHC molecules on other cells.Activation of Helper T cells requires the membrane protein CD4.Activation of Helper T cells requires the membrane protein CD8.2 points QUESTION 3Swelling due to bulk flow from the plasma into the interstital fluid is the result of decreased protein permeability in the capillaries. True False1 points QUESTION 4Are the following types of cells adaptive immune cells, innate immune cells or not immune cells?note: Although the two branches of the immune system interact with each other, cells are categorized as innate or adaptive by the types of microbial molecules they bind to. - A. B. C. Cytotoxic T cells - A. B. C. Neutrophils - A. B. C. Natural Killer Cells - A. B. C. Macrophages - A. B. C. Plasma cells - A. B. C. Mast cells - A. B. C. Helper T cells - A. B. C. ErythrocytesA.AdaptiveB.InnateC.Not Immune Cells3 points QUESTION 5Which of the following statements are correct? Choose all of the correct answers.A decrease in the number of lymphoid stem cells could result in a decrease in red blood cell.A person with an elevated level of platelets could experience easy bruising.A person with a low number of white blood cells could have difficulty in fighting infections.Platelets are more numerous than white blood cells, but contribute less volume to blood than white blood cells. 1 points QUESTION 6Match each immune cell with the method it uses to neutralize a pathogenic microbe that has infected a human - A. B. C. D. E. F. Cytotoxic T cell - A. B. C. D. E. F. Helper T cell - A. B. C. D. E. F. B cell - A. B. C. D. E. F. Natural Killer Cell - A. B. C. D. E. F. Macrophage - A. B. C. D. E. F. Mast CellA.kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC class 1B.does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so.C.phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigens; secretes antibodiesD.kills virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.E.Phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs; acts as an Antigen Presenting Cell to activate another type of immune cellF.Does not directly kill microbes; secretes histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.3 points QUESTION 7Both inflammation and fever result in an increase in the temperature set point of the body. True False1 points QUESTION 8Place the following events in activation of a B cell by a microbe in the order in which they would occur. - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Several rounds of division occur, producing many B cells that all express the same B cell receptor. - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A B cell differentiates from a lymphocyte stem cell, and the mature B cell expresses a specific type of B cell receptor on its cell membrane. - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The B cell's BCR (B cell receptor) binds to a foreign antigen with high specificity and high affinity. - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Second messenger signaling is activated in the B cell. - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Gene expression is altered in the B cell, and the B cell begins to divide.2 points QUESTION 9Which of the following statements describe Class I MHC molecules, and which describe Class II MHC molecules? - A. B. C. This molecule is expressed on all nucleated cells. - A. B. C. This molecule interacts with proteins expressed on the surface of Cytotoxic T cells. - A. B. C. This molecule is expressed on the surface of Antigen presenting cells. - A. B. C. This molecule is important for activating Helper T cells - A. B. C. This molecule is expressed on the surface of B cells. - A. B. C. This molecule binds to antigens that come from primarily intracellular pathogensA.Class I MHC.B.Class II MHCC.Both Class I and Class II MHC.2 points QUESTION 10Which of the following are phagocytic cells? Select the single best answer.Macrophagesneutrophilsdendritic cellsAll of the above.2 points QUESTION 11Platelets can synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.FalseTrue1 points QUESTION 12What type of B cell does not secrete many antibodies during a primary immune response, but is very important for a secondary immune response?1 points QUESTION 13Which of the following topics do you find most challenging? You may select multiple topics.Immune System Anatomy and Immune CellsInnate Immune CellsComplement and Interferon FunctionB cell receptors/T cell receptorsB cell responsesCytotoxic T cell responsesHelper T Cell responsesInteractions of antigens, BCR, TCR, MHC molecules and CD4/CD8Immune Pathologies and HIVDevelopment of Bone and Blood cells1 points QUESTION 14Which of the following is not a secondary immune tissue?thymusGALTspleentonsils1 points QUESTION 15If an individual failed to develop any mature lymphocytes, they would have lessened innate responses to infection and lessened adaptive responses to infection. True False1 points QUESTION 16Place the following statements that describe the 5 steps in an adaptive immune response in the order in which they occur. - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Long lived-immune cells allow the second response to a given microbe to be stronger and faster than the first response - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Adaptive immune cells are born in the bone marrow, then mature in either the bone marrow or the thymus - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Adaptive immune cells use specific receptor proteins to bind to antigens very specifically - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Intracellular signaling pathways are initiated, causing the adaptive immune cell to change cell division, gene expression, and protein translation - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Adaptive immune cells kill invading microbes, either directly or indirectly2 points QUESTION 17Production of which of the following types of proteins during an innate immune response would directly lead to the lysis of invading bacterial cells?Membrane attack complexperforinimmunoglobulininterferon1 points QUESTION 18Which of the following statements about Cytotoxic T cells are true? Choose all of the correct answers.Cytotoxic T Cells express TCRs.Cytotoxic T cells express BCRs.Cytotoxic T cells interact with antigens bound to Class I MHC molecules on other cells.Cytotoxic T cells interact with antigens bount to Class II MHC molecules on other cells.Activation of Cytoxic T cells requires the membrane protein CD4.Activation of Cytotoxic T cells requires the membrane protein CD8.