Biology Bimolecules chemical characteristics

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Oybosvfu5898

Science

Description

Hello! Can someone tell me the general  chemical characteristics of carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acid. 

Thanks!

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Explanation & Answer

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Carbohydrates consist of single-sugar units called monosaccharides, double-monosaccharide units known as disaccharides and multiple-monosaccharide molecules that make up starches. The predominant purpose of the carbohydrates you eat is to provide fuel to your cells. Disaccharides and starches undergo digestion to reduce them to their individual sugars, and, once absorbed, they travel to the cells and tissues throughout your body to power your physical activities. A special type of carbohydrate, known as fiber, passes through your gut undigested. While fiber doesn’t provide you with cellular energy, it improves your digestive health by regulating your bowel function.

Proteins

The building blocks that make up proteins are called amino acids. Proteins consist of 20 different amino acids, mixed and matched to create a vast array of larger molecules that support every process in your body. Digestion of protein results in a pool of single amino acids that your cells incorporate into new proteins as the need arises in your body. These molecules make up muscles and organs, transmit signals between cells, constitute immune molecules, help create the new proteins your tissues require and can serve as a fuel source in a pinch.


Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are extremely long polymers made up of phosphate-sugar-nitrogenous base (nucleotide) units. The bases found in DNA are adenine and guanine (both purines) and cytidine and thymine (both pyrimidines). Thymine is replaced by uracil in RNA. The nucleotides are linked by 3' to 5' phosphodiester bonds. That is, a phosphate group on the 5' position of the sugar residue becomes linked to the 3' hydroxyl group of the preceding sugar group on the chain as the long polymer is synthesized.

Your cells contain two types of nucleic acids, ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid, or RNA and DNA, respectively. They differ from the other macronutrients in that they are not a source of calories in your diet, and their role is strictly to direct the synthesis of new protein molecules. Made up of units called nucleotides, the nucleic acid DNA contains the genetic blueprint that influences your personal characteristics, while the nucleic acid RNA pulls together amino acids to form new proteins as your cells need them.

Kindly go through this and rewrite it in your own words to have your taste and feel. You can also download this document to help you.

http://www.kau.edu.sa/GetFile.aspx?id=138876&fn=Molecular%20lab%202.pptx2.pptx

Please let me know if you need any clarification. I'm always happy to answer your questions.


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