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FS 6873 – MULTIVARIATE STATISTICS
SKILLS DEVELOPMENT ASSIGNMENT - ANOVA
The words/codes in parentheses indicate the variable labels as they are listed in the SPSS dataset.
When writing out the formulas, be sure to follow the directions given in the document “From
Output Tables to Results Section” (in the Course Documents folder on Blackboard).
Please copy and paste the relevant output tables from SPSS into this document (after each
section with answers).
Each correct answer is worth 0.5 points, except #s 10 and 18 which are worth 1 point each.
FACTORIAL ANOVA
Open the Mock Media Study data set and run a two-way ANOVA on the effects of gender
(Gender) and whether people have a TV in their bedroom (BR_TV) on the amount of television
they watched in an average week (TV). Include descriptive statistics.
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Question
Answer
How much TV did the male participants watch in
and average week? (include M and SD)
How much TV did the female participants watch
in and average week? (include M and SD)
How much TV did the participants with a
bedroom TV watch in an average week? (include
M and SD)
How much TV did the participants without a
bedroom TV watch in an average week? (include
M and SD)
Which subgroup watched the most TV? And the
least? (include both gender and bedroom TV
status when selecting the subgroups – e.g.,
females with bedroom TV, females without
bedroom TV, etc.)
Write out the results for the main effect of
gender. Indicate whether the results are
significant.
Write out the results for the main effect of
bedroom TV. Indicate whether the results are
significant.
Write out the results for the gender x bedroom
TV interaction. Indicate whether the results are
significant.
Which results (main effects or interaction) should
we focus on in our interpretation, and why?
10 Briefly summarize the results/conclusion in
layman’s terms
REPEATED MEASURES ANOVA
Open the Bushtucker data set and run a repeated measures ANOVA on the amount of time
celebrity contestants hold out without vomiting after eating each of four pieces of wildlife – A
stick insect (Stick), a kangaroo testicle (Testicle), a fish eye (Eye), and a witchetty grub
(Witchetty). Include descriptive statistics.
# Question
11 Report the average time to vomiting for the stick
insect (include M and SD)
12 Report the average time to vomiting for the
kangaroo testicle (include M and SD)
13 Report the average time to vomiting for the fish
eye (include M and SD)
14 Report the average time to vomiting for the
witchetty grub (include M and SD)
15 Has sphericity been violated?
16 What actions do you take based on your previous
answer?
17 Write out the results (F-formula) of the repeated
measures test and indicate if the results are
significant.
18 Briefly summarize the results/conclusion in
layman’s terms
Answer
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About Your Signature AssignmentThis signature assignment is designed to align with specific program student learning outco ...
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About Your Signature AssignmentThis signature assignment is designed to align with specific program student learning outcome(s) in your program. Program Student Learning Outcomes are broad statements that describe what students should know and be able to do upon completion of their degree. The signature assignments might be graded with an automated rubric that allows the University to collect data that can be aggregated across a location or college/school and used for program improvements.Purpose of Assignment The purpose of this assignment is for students to synthesize the concepts learned throughout the course. This assignment will provide students an opportunity to build critical thinking skills, develop businesses and organizations, and solve problems requiring data by compiling all pertinent information into one report. Assignment Steps Resources: Microsoft Excel®, Signature Assignment Databases, Signature Assignment Options, Part 3: Inferential StatisticsScenario: Upon successful completion of the MBA program, say you work in the analytics department for a consulting company. Your assignment is to analyze one of the following databases:ManufacturingHospitalConsumer FoodFinancial Select one of the databases based on the information in the Signature Assignment Options. Provide a 1,600-word detailed, statistical report including the following:Explain the context of the caseProvide a research foundation for the topicPresent graphsExplain outliersPrepare calculationsConduct hypotheses testsDiscuss inferences you have made from the results This assignment is broken down into four parts:Part 1 - Preliminary AnalysisPart 2 - Examination of Descriptive StatisticsPart 3 - Examination of Inferential StatisticsPart 4 - Conclusion/Recommendations Part 1 - Preliminary Analysis (3-4 paragraphs)Generally, as a statistics consultant, you will be given a problem and data. At times, you may have to gather additional data. For this assignment, assume all the data is already gathered for you.State the objective:What are the questions you are trying to address?Describe the population in the study clearly and in sufficient detail:What is the sample?Discuss the types of data and variables:Are the data quantitative or qualitative?What are levels of measurement for the data? Part 2 - Descriptive Statistics (3-4 paragraphs) Examine the given data.Present the descriptive statistics (mean, median, mode, range, standard deviation, variance, CV, and five-number summary).Identify any outliers in the data.Present any graphs or charts you think are appropriate for the data.Note: Ideally, we want to assess the conditions of normality too. However, for the purpose of this exercise, assume data is drawn from normal populations. Part 3 - Inferential Statistics (2-3 paragraphs)Use the Part 3: Inferential Statistics document.Create (formulate) hypothesesRun formal hypothesis testsMake decisions. Your decisions should be stated in non-technical terms.Hint: A final conclusion saying "reject the null hypothesis" by itself without explanation is basically worthless to those who hired you. Similarly, stating the conclusion is false or rejected is not sufficient. Part 4 - Conclusion and Recommendations (1-2 paragraphs)Include the following:What are your conclusions?What do you infer from the statistical analysis?State the interpretations in non-technical terms. What information might lead to a different conclusion?Are there any variables missing?What additional information would be valuable to help draw a more certain conclusion?Format your assignment consistent with APA format. Must include references in APA format
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The Pew Research Center reported in 2018 that 68% of U.S. adults rated "reducing health care costs" as a national priority. This year a survey is ...
University of California Davis Data Wrangling HTML Document
below are the questions and i will attach the note if you need ---title: "Question 1"---
```{r, message = FALSE}library(t ...
University of California Davis Data Wrangling HTML Document
below are the questions and i will attach the note if you need ---title: "Question 1"---
```{r, message = FALSE}library(tidyverse)library(gapminder)# use ?gapminder get the desciption of the dataset `gapminder````
Consider the dataset `gapminder`.
##### (a) Modify the `continent` factor by classifying the Americas' countries into `South America` and `North America` Hint: the following countries are in South America. ```r c("Argentina", "Bolivia", "Brazil", "Chile", "Colombia", "Ecuador", "Paraguay", "Peru", "Trinidad and Tobago", "Uruguay", "Venezuela") ```
In the following questions, use the dataset modified in (a).
Hint: you could use `case_when` function.
##### (b) How many countries are there in the dataset? How about for each continent?
##### (c) For each year, which country had the largest gdp per capital?
##### (d) For each continent, which country experienced the sharpest increment rate in life expectancy from 1997 to 2007?
##### (e) Focus on the data in year 2007, what are the correlation coefficients between life expectancy and gdp per capital for each continent?
##### (f) Visualize part (e) by plotting gdp per capital vs life expectancy.---title: "Question 2"---
Consider the `flights` dataset in the package `nycflights13`.
```{r, message = FALSE}library(nycflights13)library(tidyverse)```
##### (a) Add a column that is the amount of time gained in the air (`gain = dep_delay - arr_delay`)
##### (b) Sort part (a) descedingly by the column you just created. Store the result as `flights_gain`.
##### (c) On average, did flights gain or lose time? (Hint: not average gain, but as percentage of positive gain.)
##### (d) On average, did flights heading to SeaTac ("SEA") gain or loose time?
##### (e) Summerize the mean, min and max of the `air_time` column for flights from `JFK` to `SEA`.
##### (f) In which month was the average departure delay the greatest?
##### (g) In which airport were the average arrival delays the highest?
#####(h) Which city was flown to with the highest average speed?
##### (i) Create a data frame of the average arrival delay for each destination, then use` left_join` to join on the `airports` dataframe, which has the airport info. (Hint: read the documentation of `airports` for the airport codes.)---title: "Question 3"---
##### (a) There is a csv file called `groceries.csv` in this directory. Read the csv file using `read_csv` from `tidyverse` and store the data frame as `groceries`. The datset shows the prices of some common groceries item in 4 different stores.
The table shows the prices of different items in 4 different stores.
##### (b) Is the data frame in wide format or long format?
##### (c) Try to convert it into the other format. Store it as `groceries2`.
##### (d) Use a randomized block design to analysis the store prices. Is there a store marking up the item prices?
T test analysis computation, computer science homework help
For this assessment, you will complete an SPSS data analysis report using t-test output for assigned variables.You will re ...
T test analysis computation, computer science homework help
For this assessment, you will complete an SPSS data analysis report using t-test output for assigned variables.You will review the theory, logic, and application of t-tests. The t-test is a basic inferential statistic often reported in psychological research. You will discover that t-tests, as well as analysis of variance (ANOVA), compare group means on some quantitative outcome variable.By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:Analyze the computation, application, strengths and limitations of various statistical tests.Develop a conclusion that includes strengths and limitations of an independent samples t-test.Analyze the decision-making process of data analysis.Analyze the assumptions of the independent samples t-test.Apply knowledge of hypothesis testing.Develop a research question, null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, and alpha level.Interpret the results of statistical analyses.Interpret the output of the independent samples t-test.Apply a statistical program's procedure to data.Apply the appropriate SPSS procedures to check assumptions and calculate the independent samples t-test to generate relevant output.Apply the results of statistical analyses to a field of interest or career.Develop a context for the data set, including a definition of required variables and scales of measurement.Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations for members in the identified field of study.Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations for members in the identified field of study.Read the Assessment 3 Context document for important information on the following topics:Logic of the t-test.Assumptions of the t-test.Hypothesis testing for a t-test.Effect size for a t-test.Testing assumptions: The Shapiro-Wilk test and Levene's test.Proper reporting of the independent samples t-test.t, degrees of freedom, and t value.Probability value.Effect size.As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.VARIOUS FORMS OF THET-TESTIn what research situations should the paired samples t-test be used rather than the independent samples t-test?TWO VERSIONS OF THE INDEPENDENT SAMPLEST-TESTWhy are there are two different versions of the t-test on the SPSS printout and how you decide which one is more appropriate?APPLICATION OFT-TESTSIs there a research question from your professional life or career specialization that can be addressed by an independent samples t-test?Why would a t-test be the appropriate analysis for this research question?What are the variables and their scale of measurement?What is the expected outcome? (For example, "The group 1 mean score will be significantly greater than the group 2 mean score because…").REQUIRED RESOURCESThe following resources are required to complete the assessment.Assessment 3 Context.DAA Template.SPSS Data Analysis Report Guidelines.IBM SPSS Step-By-Step Instructions:t-Tests.Copy/Export Output Instructions.In addition, you will need the grades.savfile that you created from the grades2.datfile in Assessment 1.SPSS SoftwareThe following statistical analysis software is required to complete your assessments in this course:IBM SPSS Statistics (recent version for PC or Mac).This course requires the following as a minimum:IBM SPSS Statistics Standard GradPack. (The Base GradPack is not acceptable for use in this course.)Versioning:This software is routinely updated. While it is recommended that you use the latest version of the software, you may use an older version if you already own it or have access to it, but it mustbe version 22 or higher. Be sure to use the version that is compatible with your operating system (PC or Mac).SUGGESTED RESOURCESThe resources provided here are optional. You may use other resources of your choice to prepare for this assessment; however, you will need to ensure that they are appropriate, credible, and valid. The XX-FP7864 – Quantitative Design and Analysis Library Guidecan help direct your research, and the Supplemental Resources and Research Resources, both linked from the left navigation menu in your courseroom, provide additional resources to help support you.ResourcesGeorge, D., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step: A simple guide and reference(14th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.Chapter 11, "The t-Test Procedure."Internet ResourcesLane, D. M. (2013). HyperStat online: An introductory statistics textbook and online tutorial for help in statistics courses. Retrieved from http://davidmlane.com/hyperstatStatSoft, Inc. (2013). Electronic statistics textbook. Tulsa, OK: StatSoft. Retrieved fromhttp://www.statsoft.com/textbookSophia. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.sophia.org/Browse Sophia for tutorials that explore statistical topics.StatisticsLectures.com. (2012). Free statistic lectures. Retrieved fromhttp://statisticslectures.com/Khan Academy. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.orgThis Web site offers resources covering a range of subjects, including statisticsHall, R. (1998). Between subjects one-way ANOVA example. Psychology World. Retrieved from http://web.mst.edu/~psyworld/anovaexample.htmElliot, A. C. (2012). ANOVA using Microsoft Excel: One-way analysis of variance. Excel Tutorials for Statistical Data Analysis. Retrieved fromhttp://www.stattutorials.com/EXCEL/EXCEL_ANOVA.htm...Onwuegbuzie, T. (Producer). (2009). Mixed methods research[Video] | Transcript. Available from http://videolectures.net/ssmt09_onwuegbuzie_mmrResourcesGeorge, D., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step: A simple guide and reference (14th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.Chapter 11, "The t Test Procedure."Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Warner, R. M. (2013). Applied statistics: From bivariate through multivariate techniques(2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Chapter 5, "Comparing Group Means Using the Independent Samples t Test.".American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.Read the Assessment 3 Context document (linked in the Resources, under the Required Resources heading) to learn about the concepts used in this assessment.You will use the following resources for this assessment. They are linked in the Resources, under the Required Resources heading.Complete this assessment using the DAA Template.Read the SPSS Data Analysis Report Guidelines for a more complete understanding of the DAA Template and how to format and organize your assessment.Refer to IBM SPSS Step-By-Step Instructions:t-Tests for additional information on using SPSS for this assessment.If necessary, review the Copy/Export Output Instructions to refresh your memory on how to perform these tasks. As with your previous assessments, your submission should be narrative with supporting statistical output (table and graphs) integrated into the narrative in the appropriate place (not all at the end of the document).You will analyze the following variables in the grades.savdata set:gender.gpa.Step 1: Write Section 1 of the DAAProvide a context of the grades.sav data set.Include a definition of the specified variables (predictor, outcome) and corresponding scales of measurement.Specify the sample size of the data set.Step 2: Write Section 2 of the DAAAnalyze the assumptions of the t-test.Paste the SPSS histogram output for gpa and discuss your visual interpretations.Paste SPSS descriptives output showing skewness and kurtosis values for gpa and interpret them.Paste SPSS output for the Shapiro-Wilk test of gpa and interpret it.Report the results of the Levene's test and interpret it.Summarize whether or not the assumptions of the t-test are met.Step 3: Write Section 3 of the DAASpecify a research question related to gender and gpa.Articulate the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis.Specify the alpha level.Step 4: Write Section 4 of the DAAPaste the SPSS output of the t-test.Report the results of the SPSS output using proper APA guidelines. Include the following:t.Degrees of freedom.tvalue.pvalue.Effect size.Interpretation of effect size.Means and standard deviations for each group. Mean difference.Interpret the results against the null hypothesis.Step 5: Write Section 5 of the DAADiscuss the implications of this t-test as it relates to the research question.Conclude with an analysis of the strengths and limitations of t-test analysis.
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A fair coin is tossed three times
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Presentation on Game Theory Applications
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CompetencyThis competency will allow you to demonstrate your ability and skill in applying game theory to real world scenarios.InstructionsAfter working for 18 months in your analyst position at G&B Consulting, you are now being considered for a project manager position that would put you in charge of several team members. As part of the interview process, you have been asked to make a presentation to highlight what you think are the most compelling reasons you should get the position.You are to put together a PowerPoint presentation that explains all of the key components that you feel will factor into why you should get the position.To complete this assignment, you must first download the word document. Use the questions on the worksheet as your guide for the contents of your presentation.Your step-by-step breakdown of the problems, including explanations and all work shown, should be present within the PowerPoint you create. If you use Excel for any of your calculations that file must also be included in the drop box. Do not submit the Word document with instructions.
Week 6 Signature Assignment
About Your Signature AssignmentThis signature assignment is designed to align with specific program student learning outco ...
Week 6 Signature Assignment
About Your Signature AssignmentThis signature assignment is designed to align with specific program student learning outcome(s) in your program. Program Student Learning Outcomes are broad statements that describe what students should know and be able to do upon completion of their degree. The signature assignments might be graded with an automated rubric that allows the University to collect data that can be aggregated across a location or college/school and used for program improvements.Purpose of Assignment The purpose of this assignment is for students to synthesize the concepts learned throughout the course. This assignment will provide students an opportunity to build critical thinking skills, develop businesses and organizations, and solve problems requiring data by compiling all pertinent information into one report. Assignment Steps Resources: Microsoft Excel®, Signature Assignment Databases, Signature Assignment Options, Part 3: Inferential StatisticsScenario: Upon successful completion of the MBA program, say you work in the analytics department for a consulting company. Your assignment is to analyze one of the following databases:ManufacturingHospitalConsumer FoodFinancial Select one of the databases based on the information in the Signature Assignment Options. Provide a 1,600-word detailed, statistical report including the following:Explain the context of the caseProvide a research foundation for the topicPresent graphsExplain outliersPrepare calculationsConduct hypotheses testsDiscuss inferences you have made from the results This assignment is broken down into four parts:Part 1 - Preliminary AnalysisPart 2 - Examination of Descriptive StatisticsPart 3 - Examination of Inferential StatisticsPart 4 - Conclusion/Recommendations Part 1 - Preliminary Analysis (3-4 paragraphs)Generally, as a statistics consultant, you will be given a problem and data. At times, you may have to gather additional data. For this assignment, assume all the data is already gathered for you.State the objective:What are the questions you are trying to address?Describe the population in the study clearly and in sufficient detail:What is the sample?Discuss the types of data and variables:Are the data quantitative or qualitative?What are levels of measurement for the data? Part 2 - Descriptive Statistics (3-4 paragraphs) Examine the given data.Present the descriptive statistics (mean, median, mode, range, standard deviation, variance, CV, and five-number summary).Identify any outliers in the data.Present any graphs or charts you think are appropriate for the data.Note: Ideally, we want to assess the conditions of normality too. However, for the purpose of this exercise, assume data is drawn from normal populations. Part 3 - Inferential Statistics (2-3 paragraphs)Use the Part 3: Inferential Statistics document.Create (formulate) hypothesesRun formal hypothesis testsMake decisions. Your decisions should be stated in non-technical terms.Hint: A final conclusion saying "reject the null hypothesis" by itself without explanation is basically worthless to those who hired you. Similarly, stating the conclusion is false or rejected is not sufficient. Part 4 - Conclusion and Recommendations (1-2 paragraphs)Include the following:What are your conclusions?What do you infer from the statistical analysis?State the interpretations in non-technical terms. What information might lead to a different conclusion?Are there any variables missing?What additional information would be valuable to help draw a more certain conclusion?Format your assignment consistent with APA format. Must include references in APA format
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below are the questions and i will attach the note if you need ---title: "Question 1"---
```{r, message = FALSE}library(t ...
University of California Davis Data Wrangling HTML Document
below are the questions and i will attach the note if you need ---title: "Question 1"---
```{r, message = FALSE}library(tidyverse)library(gapminder)# use ?gapminder get the desciption of the dataset `gapminder````
Consider the dataset `gapminder`.
##### (a) Modify the `continent` factor by classifying the Americas' countries into `South America` and `North America` Hint: the following countries are in South America. ```r c("Argentina", "Bolivia", "Brazil", "Chile", "Colombia", "Ecuador", "Paraguay", "Peru", "Trinidad and Tobago", "Uruguay", "Venezuela") ```
In the following questions, use the dataset modified in (a).
Hint: you could use `case_when` function.
##### (b) How many countries are there in the dataset? How about for each continent?
##### (c) For each year, which country had the largest gdp per capital?
##### (d) For each continent, which country experienced the sharpest increment rate in life expectancy from 1997 to 2007?
##### (e) Focus on the data in year 2007, what are the correlation coefficients between life expectancy and gdp per capital for each continent?
##### (f) Visualize part (e) by plotting gdp per capital vs life expectancy.---title: "Question 2"---
Consider the `flights` dataset in the package `nycflights13`.
```{r, message = FALSE}library(nycflights13)library(tidyverse)```
##### (a) Add a column that is the amount of time gained in the air (`gain = dep_delay - arr_delay`)
##### (b) Sort part (a) descedingly by the column you just created. Store the result as `flights_gain`.
##### (c) On average, did flights gain or lose time? (Hint: not average gain, but as percentage of positive gain.)
##### (d) On average, did flights heading to SeaTac ("SEA") gain or loose time?
##### (e) Summerize the mean, min and max of the `air_time` column for flights from `JFK` to `SEA`.
##### (f) In which month was the average departure delay the greatest?
##### (g) In which airport were the average arrival delays the highest?
#####(h) Which city was flown to with the highest average speed?
##### (i) Create a data frame of the average arrival delay for each destination, then use` left_join` to join on the `airports` dataframe, which has the airport info. (Hint: read the documentation of `airports` for the airport codes.)---title: "Question 3"---
##### (a) There is a csv file called `groceries.csv` in this directory. Read the csv file using `read_csv` from `tidyverse` and store the data frame as `groceries`. The datset shows the prices of some common groceries item in 4 different stores.
The table shows the prices of different items in 4 different stores.
##### (b) Is the data frame in wide format or long format?
##### (c) Try to convert it into the other format. Store it as `groceries2`.
##### (d) Use a randomized block design to analysis the store prices. Is there a store marking up the item prices?
T test analysis computation, computer science homework help
For this assessment, you will complete an SPSS data analysis report using t-test output for assigned variables.You will re ...
T test analysis computation, computer science homework help
For this assessment, you will complete an SPSS data analysis report using t-test output for assigned variables.You will review the theory, logic, and application of t-tests. The t-test is a basic inferential statistic often reported in psychological research. You will discover that t-tests, as well as analysis of variance (ANOVA), compare group means on some quantitative outcome variable.By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:Analyze the computation, application, strengths and limitations of various statistical tests.Develop a conclusion that includes strengths and limitations of an independent samples t-test.Analyze the decision-making process of data analysis.Analyze the assumptions of the independent samples t-test.Apply knowledge of hypothesis testing.Develop a research question, null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, and alpha level.Interpret the results of statistical analyses.Interpret the output of the independent samples t-test.Apply a statistical program's procedure to data.Apply the appropriate SPSS procedures to check assumptions and calculate the independent samples t-test to generate relevant output.Apply the results of statistical analyses to a field of interest or career.Develop a context for the data set, including a definition of required variables and scales of measurement.Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations for members in the identified field of study.Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and consistent with the expectations for members in the identified field of study.Read the Assessment 3 Context document for important information on the following topics:Logic of the t-test.Assumptions of the t-test.Hypothesis testing for a t-test.Effect size for a t-test.Testing assumptions: The Shapiro-Wilk test and Levene's test.Proper reporting of the independent samples t-test.t, degrees of freedom, and t value.Probability value.Effect size.As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment.VARIOUS FORMS OF THET-TESTIn what research situations should the paired samples t-test be used rather than the independent samples t-test?TWO VERSIONS OF THE INDEPENDENT SAMPLEST-TESTWhy are there are two different versions of the t-test on the SPSS printout and how you decide which one is more appropriate?APPLICATION OFT-TESTSIs there a research question from your professional life or career specialization that can be addressed by an independent samples t-test?Why would a t-test be the appropriate analysis for this research question?What are the variables and their scale of measurement?What is the expected outcome? (For example, "The group 1 mean score will be significantly greater than the group 2 mean score because…").REQUIRED RESOURCESThe following resources are required to complete the assessment.Assessment 3 Context.DAA Template.SPSS Data Analysis Report Guidelines.IBM SPSS Step-By-Step Instructions:t-Tests.Copy/Export Output Instructions.In addition, you will need the grades.savfile that you created from the grades2.datfile in Assessment 1.SPSS SoftwareThe following statistical analysis software is required to complete your assessments in this course:IBM SPSS Statistics (recent version for PC or Mac).This course requires the following as a minimum:IBM SPSS Statistics Standard GradPack. (The Base GradPack is not acceptable for use in this course.)Versioning:This software is routinely updated. While it is recommended that you use the latest version of the software, you may use an older version if you already own it or have access to it, but it mustbe version 22 or higher. Be sure to use the version that is compatible with your operating system (PC or Mac).SUGGESTED RESOURCESThe resources provided here are optional. You may use other resources of your choice to prepare for this assessment; however, you will need to ensure that they are appropriate, credible, and valid. The XX-FP7864 – Quantitative Design and Analysis Library Guidecan help direct your research, and the Supplemental Resources and Research Resources, both linked from the left navigation menu in your courseroom, provide additional resources to help support you.ResourcesGeorge, D., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step: A simple guide and reference(14th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.Chapter 11, "The t-Test Procedure."Internet ResourcesLane, D. M. (2013). HyperStat online: An introductory statistics textbook and online tutorial for help in statistics courses. Retrieved from http://davidmlane.com/hyperstatStatSoft, Inc. (2013). Electronic statistics textbook. Tulsa, OK: StatSoft. Retrieved fromhttp://www.statsoft.com/textbookSophia. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.sophia.org/Browse Sophia for tutorials that explore statistical topics.StatisticsLectures.com. (2012). Free statistic lectures. Retrieved fromhttp://statisticslectures.com/Khan Academy. (2013). Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.orgThis Web site offers resources covering a range of subjects, including statisticsHall, R. (1998). Between subjects one-way ANOVA example. Psychology World. Retrieved from http://web.mst.edu/~psyworld/anovaexample.htmElliot, A. C. (2012). ANOVA using Microsoft Excel: One-way analysis of variance. Excel Tutorials for Statistical Data Analysis. Retrieved fromhttp://www.stattutorials.com/EXCEL/EXCEL_ANOVA.htm...Onwuegbuzie, T. (Producer). (2009). Mixed methods research[Video] | Transcript. Available from http://videolectures.net/ssmt09_onwuegbuzie_mmrResourcesGeorge, D., & Mallery, P. (2016). IBM SPSS statistics 23 step by step: A simple guide and reference (14th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.Chapter 11, "The t Test Procedure."Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Warner, R. M. (2013). Applied statistics: From bivariate through multivariate techniques(2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Chapter 5, "Comparing Group Means Using the Independent Samples t Test.".American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.Read the Assessment 3 Context document (linked in the Resources, under the Required Resources heading) to learn about the concepts used in this assessment.You will use the following resources for this assessment. They are linked in the Resources, under the Required Resources heading.Complete this assessment using the DAA Template.Read the SPSS Data Analysis Report Guidelines for a more complete understanding of the DAA Template and how to format and organize your assessment.Refer to IBM SPSS Step-By-Step Instructions:t-Tests for additional information on using SPSS for this assessment.If necessary, review the Copy/Export Output Instructions to refresh your memory on how to perform these tasks. As with your previous assessments, your submission should be narrative with supporting statistical output (table and graphs) integrated into the narrative in the appropriate place (not all at the end of the document).You will analyze the following variables in the grades.savdata set:gender.gpa.Step 1: Write Section 1 of the DAAProvide a context of the grades.sav data set.Include a definition of the specified variables (predictor, outcome) and corresponding scales of measurement.Specify the sample size of the data set.Step 2: Write Section 2 of the DAAAnalyze the assumptions of the t-test.Paste the SPSS histogram output for gpa and discuss your visual interpretations.Paste SPSS descriptives output showing skewness and kurtosis values for gpa and interpret them.Paste SPSS output for the Shapiro-Wilk test of gpa and interpret it.Report the results of the Levene's test and interpret it.Summarize whether or not the assumptions of the t-test are met.Step 3: Write Section 3 of the DAASpecify a research question related to gender and gpa.Articulate the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis.Specify the alpha level.Step 4: Write Section 4 of the DAAPaste the SPSS output of the t-test.Report the results of the SPSS output using proper APA guidelines. Include the following:t.Degrees of freedom.tvalue.pvalue.Effect size.Interpretation of effect size.Means and standard deviations for each group. Mean difference.Interpret the results against the null hypothesis.Step 5: Write Section 5 of the DAADiscuss the implications of this t-test as it relates to the research question.Conclude with an analysis of the strengths and limitations of t-test analysis.
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