Cartography Study GuideThese two essays consider different aspects of the practical and conceptual components of mapmaking in the Renaissance. Pinto’s essay is more focused on a specific question, how did the “ichnographic city plan” develop (a plan which corresponds to what we’d now call an “aerial view,” but doesn’t relate to anything that could be directly observed during the fifteenth or sixteenth centuries. Cosgrove’s subject is not about a particular technique, but rather about the region of Venice, the personality of painter/mapmaker/geographer Cristoforo Sorte, and how these different activities were interrelated in that culture.Pinto: What is an ichnographic plan and what is its historical significance? How does it relate to other forms of mapmaking, like symbolic mapmaking, or maps for navigating the seas?How did Leonardo’s plan of Imola compare to those that came before it?What was the significance of Bufalini’s plan of Rome? Cosgrove: Cosgrove often uses the term “terraferma”: this refers to the territory around Venice that is on land (literally, “solid ground”) in contrast to the lagoon of Venice itself. Why were Venetians focused on hydrology in the “terraferma”?What was the relation between landscape painting and map making? Why did Venetians excel in these areas? What is “speculative geometry?”

Initial Post Instructions Choose one of the music or dance movements that you read about this week and at least one work from that movement. Then, address the following: Examine the movement and specific work in relation to historical and political influences of the movement. Identify characteristics of the movement and how the work reflects these characteristics. Include a statement from the artist and one from a critic. Include a link to the lyrics and/or video depending on your choice. Follow-Up Post Instructions Respond to at least one peer. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification. Student Sample: "As the text notes, rap music has its roots in gospel, blues, and shout (Martin 2018). Culturally and historically, this is obviously the case, as rap is part of the evolution of Black social life in the USA. When listening to rap, however, the connection to gospel, blues, and shout in the music itself may not be evident for much of the genre. There is at least one rapper who has made his name by foregrounding this connection in his music over the last 20 years. Kanye West has produced and rapped over beats featuring prominent samples and riffs straight from classic gospel and blues music. His debut album, College Dropout featured a musical production that West himself labeled “neo-soul” in reference to its fresh twist on its explicit soul roots. Ciccariello-Maher writes that West’s sampling of Black soul music mixed with his early 21st century hip-hop lyrics is reminiscent of Du Boisian “double-consciousness”, or, the paradoxical tension felt by Black folks trying to make a way through racism and oppression in the USA. As a Black man in America, West’s humanity is constantly challenged, and yet, in a capitalistic society, West feels the “constant temptation to validate [his] own humanity through conspicuous consumption” (Ciccariello-Maher, 2009, p. 386). It is not West’s vulnerability to this temptation that reveals the continuity with Black gospel and soul music, but his chilling awareness that he is constantly being tempted by the very forces that kill him, which brings a particular poignancy to his samples, production, and rhymes. While West’s career took many twists and turns, including the tragic death of his top inspiration and mother, Donda, his debut album, College Dropout, may remain his greatest feat. In particular, the song “Family Business”, with its nostalgic sampling of the Dells “Fonky Thang, Diamon' Rang” drives home the heights of Kanye’s musical prowess and innovation of the soul sound. More recently, West has returned to gospel music explicitly, through producing Sunday Service choir songs. Hip-hop, while derided by many critics as an empty, materialistic, vulgar display of ignorance and vulnerability to the temptation of conspicuous consumption, has much deeper roots in the Black freedom struggle. As such, it continues to resonate with all walks of life, with all sorts of people all around the world, who are going through it in their own ways. Family Business - YouTube (Links to an external site.) Ciccariello-Maher, G. (2009). A Critique of Du Boisian Reason: Kanye West and the Fruitfulness of Double-Consciousness. Journal of Black Studies, 39(3), 371-401. Retrieved August 4, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40282568 (Links to an external site.) Martin, F. D. (2018). Humanities through the Arts (10th Edition). McGraw-Hill Higher Education (US). https://ambassadored.vitalsource.com/books/9781260154238 "

In a 1-2 page paper summarize how you might assess a client's functioning in each of the Seven Selves (emotional self, physical self, intellectual self, social-familial self, working self, aesthetic self, and spiritual self) of the whole person. Include potential assessment questions and purpose of each assessment section