Need engineering help with a Diploma Project Discussion and Results, conclusion and a little bit of analysis

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the above document is my Diploma Project, which I need you to help me writing the discussion and results and conclusion plus a lil bit of the analysis which you have to get from GOOGLE.  you just need to GOOGLE; feasibility of using Insulated concrete forms in hot and humid climate (PDF). In this PDF there are some important comparisons between  ICF and concrete block which I want to include it in my project especially the price. 



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Introduction Nowadays, theSultanate of Oman has become much morepopular than it was thirty or forty years ago due to many significant factors which attract the people to visit and live in it. For example; thepeople, social environment, natural environment and the opportunities that it gives to the foreign people especially the investors. Furthermore theSultanate of Oman is growing day by day to be one of the best developed countries in the world. However, we all know that now in Oman many projects and residential buildings are being constructed. Day by day new and new projectsare being constructed whether commercial or residential buildings. However, since the population in Oman is relatively 2.8 million therefore, Oman is nowconsidering health in its constructions to protect all the living things on its land because, construction of buildings and infrastructure can cause many impacts to the environment and when theenvironment gets polluted so the human beings will. There are many factors that can impact the environment but the main or the major factors are global warming and pollution. 1. Global Warming: according to the studies that have been done on the global warming showed that, the average temperature of the earth has been increased 0.6 °C in the last 100 years. However scientists believe that all of the increased temperature was caused due to the increase of concentration of certain trace green-house gases, such as CO2 and NO. 2. Pollution of Construction Industry: The pollutant which comes from the construction site comes in many different forms and phases of construction. Some wastes and pollutants the construction industry produces include toxic elements, and carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, insulin, toxic elements, electric wiring, rubble, dredging materials, and asbestos. Therefore, due to the factors that have been discussed in the above paragraphs, the main goal of the document is to discuss about the effectiveness of ICFs block (Insulated Concrete Forms) in Oman compared to the effectiveness of the normal block and why ICFs block should be used in Oman. Plus considering the environmental impacts, costs, properties, and applications. In addition, this project will illustrate the history of ICFs block in the developed countries and Oman as well. Brief Introduction An ICFs block is generally an insulated hallow block which has been made of a expanded polystyrene (ESP) in the both side of the block and between it there is a gap where reinforcement steel will be placed and filled with concrete and for that combination of concrete the structure will become extremely strong and energy-efficient. AnICFs block is mainly used for the sustainable buildings or green buildings. You might wonder what I mean by sustainable building or sustainability. Background of ICFs block ICF was invented in 1967 by Werner Gregori in North America. In the fall of 2010, Mr. Gregori welcomed a magazine publisher to his home in Southern Ontario, there where Mr. Gregori had explained all the history of invented ICF and what the previous 40 years of ICF development can let us know about what's to come. However Werner Gregori said that, in those days, [in the mid-1960s] he was filling in as a general temporary worker, building flats [in Southern Ontario]. In the late spring of 1965, he was traveling up north at Algonquian Park. He had one of those froth plastic coolers to keep the beverages chilly. When he saw kids on the shoreline playing with the sand, he understood that if solid pieces could be framed utilizing that froth plastic, numerous development expenses and hours of work could be wiped out." Inside of a year, he had changed over his froth cooler epiphany into the first ICF. Called "Froth Form," every square measured 16 crawls high by 48 creeps in length with a tongue-and-score interlock, metal ties, and a waffle-lattice center. The configuration remained for all intents and purposes unaltered for the following 15 years. The patent was authoritatively submitted in Canada on March 22, 1966, and the U.S. patent application was accepted onOctober 24, 1968. After that he received patents to meet with the major chemical company that had invented the ESP (Expanded Polystyrene plastic foams, when he showed them his idea they became interested in developing them further. However, the greatest test he confronted was simply getting the item acknowledged as an honest to goodness elective. Because, contactors didn’t want to change their way they used to buildings. But the idea of installation won over them but in the same time it was difficult getting the items accepted by the insurance companies regarding the fire codes. Anyway he overcame all of those obstacles.The first ICFstructure built in North America was the principal undertaking Foam Form was included with was a home on Lakeshore Drive, [in Oakville, Ontario]. Be that as it may, he did not know whether that was genuinely the first in North America; there was another organization accomplishing something down in Arkansas with froth amid the LBJ Era [1963-1968], and Dow Chemical had a task in Sheboygan [Wisconsin] about that time, as well. He workedwith a disintegrate in Kitchener, Ontario, Gregory immediately tooka shot at a genuine venture. Patrick "Bud" Kelly, proprietor of Allied Construction, totally modified arrangements for a home he was building in Oakville, Ontario on Lakeshore Dr. close to the crossing point with Chartwell Dr. He finished in the spring of 1969. The home pulled in broad exposure, from both expert media and intrigued spectators. News reports show police must be approached a few events to speed movement past the home. Bud Kelly was impressed to the point that he turned into a shareholder in the organization and added to the first installer evaluating assessments. Certifiable field experience demonstrated a few upgrades could be made. In June 1969, Gregory changed from a screen-lattice outline to a waffle-framework with metal ties. In any case, it additionally demonstrated the innovation's guarantee. Overwhelming Construction News wrote about May 19, 1969, "Gregory, who is presently president of Foam Form Canada Ltd… focuses to the pace of erection, the utilization of incompetent work, and the protection properties of the material as huge expense sparing components."(If that quote sounds visionary, think about that as a June 1969 article states, "In the not so distant future Foam-Form Canada Ltd. arrangements to present a load-bearing floor and roof framework utilizing the same innovation. However, he views himself as principally a creator. He holds 27 licenses, a large portion of which manage froth plastics, composite boards, sandwich frameworks, etc. He put in the most recent couple of years building up a plastic composite material suitable for decking, creating approaches to strengthen this material with a steel network so it's suitable for use in expansive boards. Lastly, Mr. Gregori said that, the U.S. and Canada require an execution based construction law. Generally our item will dependably be off guard, dependably pushed aside. Until that happens, however, the industry needs to merge and institutionalize the item. There is an excess of distinctive organizations out there, each clarifying why they're superior to the others. This just puzzlesthe client. The end client will drive request,however just if the disarray is taken out of the business sector… Manufacturers ought not to see one another as rivalry, but rather ought to draw out a non specific item and work to get the cost down. The conveyance chain is too long, and it makes the cost too high. Abbreviate the appropriation chain, institutionalize the item, and the customer will make enough requests to keep everybody busy. Objective General theory: In general information the objectives of sustainable design are to reduce, or totally avoid depletion of important methods like power, water, and fresh resources; prevent environmental deterioration brought on by services and infrastructure all through their life; and develop created situations that are livable, comfortable, secure, and productive. Since there are many of the factors are considered in a in a ECO construction work there are some of the factors that will be my main objective to talk about in this document which isrelated to ICFs block. 1. Conducting site visit and observing ICFs work method. 2. Visiting the ICFs factory in Oman to take as much information as needed. 3. Conducting a questionnaire 4. Safety of ICFs in constructions 5. ICF is a Environmentally- friendly 6. Comparing the results 7. Proving that, ICFs is a better product in terms of insulation, energy consumption, work method and environment-friendly based on the questionnaire. Methodology We all might know that, the definition of methodology is an arrangement of wide standards or principles from which particular strategies or techniques may be inferred to translate or take care of different issues inside of the extent of a specific discipline. Not at all like a calculation, is an approach not an equation but rather an arrangement of practices. However, there are many methodswhichcan be intended to collect the data; firstly the main idea ofcollecting the information using the world-wide research website (GOOGLE) furthermore, the steps will be divided as the following: 1. Conducting site visit and observing ICFs work method. 2. Visiting the ICFs factory in Oman to take as much information as needed. 3. Conducting a questionnaire. 4. Comparing the results. 5. Proving that, ICFs is a better product in terms of insulation, energy consumption, work method and environment-friendly based on the above questionnaire. Structure of the Project • Steps 1 Conducting site visit and observing ICFs work method. • Step 2: Visiting the ICFs factory in Oman to take as much information as needed. • Step 3 Conducting a questionnaire. • Step 4: Comparing the results. • Step 5 Proving that, ICFs is a better product in terms of insulation, energy consumption, work method and environment-friendly based on the above questionnaire. Literature Review History of Insulated Concrete Forms The ICF construction procedure was initially created in Europe taking after World War II as an economical and sturdy approach to remake harmed structures. The principal patent for a protected stay set up formwork for cement enrolled in the mid-1940s utilizing reused waste wood and bond as the protecting material. This patient was enrolled by August Schnell and Alex Bosshard in Switzerland. The primary polystyrene ICF structures were created in the late 1960s at the close of the first patent and the appearance of present day forth plastics. Canadian temporary worker Werner Gregori documented the first patent for a fourth solid structure in 1966 with a piece "measuring 16 creeps high by 48 crawls along with a tongue-and-groove interlock, metal ties, and a waffle-lattice center." [1] The appropriation of ICF development has consistently expanded after the 1970s. However it was at first hampered by the absence of mindfulness, construction standards, and disarray brought about by a wide range of producers offering distinctive ICF plans marginally as opposed to concentrating on industry institutionalization. ICF development is currently a portion of most construction laws and acknowledged in many purviews in the created world. Insulated Concrete forms in Oman Oman is a nation that has a long compass of summer with the dry, hot and muggy atmosphere. The mid-year season of Oman records high stickiness condition (up to 80% RH and up to 48º C here and there) and this is not suitable for the living conditions. Most extreme vitality utilized in the operation of aeration and cooling systems to keep up the warm solace inside the structures. Power era is by utilizing petroleum oil, which is the real characteristic asset of Oman. Vitality preservation and the utilization of warm protection for dividers and roofs are a rising practice in Oman. Warm and hybrid conduct of structures is identified with one another. Expanded stickiness levels warm to transmit more into the dividers. This paper concentrates on the viable execution of protected solid structures in hot and moist climatic conditions Furthermore, the hydrothermal execution of the dividers. Enough study has been done on the execution of protected solid structures in low-temperature atmospheres, and there is a requirement for a plausibility study on ICF in hot, dry and moist condition. Research on have been done everywhere throughout the world on the execution of Insulated solid structures in structures in low-temperature atmospheres. NAHB Research Center (2001) led a test on three structures on the correlation of execution of ICF homes with typically confined structures. The study has demonstrated that ICF homes had a vitality lessening by more than 20% [2]. A Comparative analysis of ICF building and a wood surrounded building were finished by Petrie Etal (2001), and the outcome demonstrated that ICF building expanded 7.5% less vitality than the customary wood confined building. Execution examination of a seven-story multi private building with ICF development was finished by the prepared blend solid affiliation (2006) in Waterloo, Canada. Two ICF divider examples were observed in a study by W. Maref, M.M Amstrong and G. Ganapathy (2012). The results demonstrated the diminishment of the top warming heat of the heater and consequently have suggestions on the measuring and the expense of the warming hardware [3]. Florian Antretter and Achilles Karagiozis broke down the inside temperature and relative moistness appropriations in blended muggy and frosty atmospheres [4]. They thought about the inward states of the building with the standard levels. Dr. KevanHeathcote thought about the warm execution investigation of three test structures in Australia. Temperatures recording both inside and outside the test structures were broke down in this paper [5]. Diverse blends of divider and rooftop arrange and shapes were proposed by Amjad A. Maghrabi (2005). This study was done in Makkah, Saudi Arabia [6]. He inferred that, the net warmth exchange through the dividers increments or diminishes according to the impact of arrangement states of rooftop and distinctive divider zones. Abdullah Yildiz and GokhanGurlek (2008) displayed a study on the natural investigation of warm protection in structures with distinctive thickness. The aftereffect of this paper was an expansion of warm protection diminishes the warmth misfortune in the building with increment in the expense of protection material [7]. Sizes, Components, Configurations, Systems ICFs frameworks can shift in their configuration. "Level" frameworks yield a ceaseless thickness of solid, similar to an ordinarily poured divider. The divider delivered by "lattice" frameworks has a waffle example where the solid is thicker at a few focused than others. "Post and shaft" frameworks have quite recently that – discrete level and vertical sections of cement that are totally embodied in froth protection. Whatever their disparities, all major ICF frameworks are designer planned, codeacknowledged, and field-demonstrated [8]. The two protecting appearances are isolated by some connector or web. Huge preassembled squares stack rapidly on location. Boards or Boards send all the more minimalistic all, yet must be amassed into formwork at work. Froth is frequently extended polystyrene (EPS). It can be expelled polystyrene (XPS), which is more grounded, additionally all the more exorbitant. A couple of items are made with reused froth or wood fiber in a gesture to green development. The rescued material is shaped into squares with bond, making units perfect for direct utilization of mortar completions. The ties that interconnect the two layers of protected framing material can be plastic, metal, or extra projections of the protection. There are favorable circumstances to every kind of material, yet one current pattern joins pivots into the ties that permit pre-amassed structures to overlap level for simple, less unreasonable delivery [3]. The joints between individual structures can highlight interlocking teeth or a tongue and groove arrangement shaped into the framing material, or basic butt jointed creases. Numerous makers have created units with general interlocks that permit the structures to stack whether the structure is flipped one way or the other. These "reversible" structures save time amid position and avert inappropriate arrangement. Extraordinary units for corners, floors, and rooftop gatherings round out the product offerings and enhance the designing of the framework and vitality productivity of the last development [10]. Block sizes are ordinarily on the request of 16 creeps high by 48 crawls long. The depressions are six or eight creeps wide however can be bigger or littler as required. The froth appearances are likewise equipped for being changed, yet 0.0254-0.1778/0.02032-to 0.0508-0.0762/0.1016-m thickness is a typical reach. So a 0.0232-m pit with a 0.0508-m froth face on either side would prompt a 0.3048-m framed divider. All the more starting late a couple frameworks have built up the ability to offer thicker layers of froth to upgrade execution. After finishes are connected all around, normal last divider thickness is more noteworthy than one 0.3084-m. This implies the profundity of window and entryway encompasses must be more extensive than what is utilized for customary casing development, with coming about profound window ledges—a pleasant component for property holders or other building inhabitants. Installation, Connections, Finishes Installation of insulating solid structure frameworks are like stone work development. Manufacturers begin at the corners and put a layer at once to develop the divider. A few units, especially those that shape a "waffle" or post–and–beam solid divider profile must be stuck together or taped at the joints amid gathering. Most frameworks today include uniform holes that enhance the flowability of the solid, diminish the requirement for cement amid stacking, bringing about solid level dividers of predictable thickness. Once the structures are set up and propped and required support introduced, cement is pumped into the structures. Indeed, even with the supporting, shapes should be filled at a proper rate in light of formwork maker suggestion to forestall misalignment and victories. Item progressions and enhanced development systems have extraordinarily diminished the potential for structure disappointment. It at times happens when maker suggestions are taken after. Fortification in both bearings keeps up the divider quality. Openings for entryways and windows oblige bucks to encompass the opening, contain the crisp cement amid position, and give suitable material to affixing window or door [13]. Block-outs are required when bearing pockets are required for floor or rooftop things. Protecting solid structure frameworks are good with solid floors, and wood or steel floor joists. In littler structures, record congregations for floor confining connection mounted to the side of the formwork are normal. In bigger structures or those for business utilizes, weld steel plates or jolt plates can be pre-introduced inside of the formwork, so they get to be inserted in the crisp cement. Finishes/completions are normally appended using the level finishes of metal or plastic ties implanted in the framing material. Completions can, on the other hand, be furred out with furring strips. Any completion can be utilized with these frameworks. Wallboard remains the most widely recognized inside completion and is the most run of the mill method for meeting the code prerequisite for a 15-minute flame obstruction over plastic froths encompassing living spaces. Outsiders are significantly more fluctuated and rely on upon client inclination. Concrete mortars are connected over ICFs in a way like other sheathed frameworks [12]. Sustainability and Energy A noteworthy claim of ICFs is the potential for diminishing vitality to warm and cool the building. A few assessments put the reserve funds at 20 percent or more. The R-esteem for a run of the mill Insulating solid structure is around 20. The dividers can frequently have high air snugness 10 to 30 percent superior to anything outline with good windows, entryways, and rooftop. Therefore, accepting a 100-year administration life, one single-family ICF home can spare around 110 tons of CO2 contrasted with a conventional wood outline home. This more than balances the CO2 connected with the generation of the bond used to make the solid. See diagram beneath. Figure 3 Shows life of house year between wooden house and ICF house Advantages of Using ICFs to Builders and Owners of the buildings Insulating concrete forms have a good number of benefits both to owners and to builders. Owners appreciate: • mildew, rot, insect resistance, and mold • energy efficiency and resultant cost savings • disaster resistance and safety • strong walls Contractors and builders like: • flexibility • light weight for easy erection and shipping • fast, easy construction • compatibility with standard carpenter trades • capacity to meet higher vitality code orders with the less convoluted development Summary of ICFs Effectiveness • Based on this project, it is evident that the utilization of protected solid structures in hot and moist atmospheres is attainable • Thermal and dampness conduct of ICF is great, and the shot of buildup in divider structures is unrealistic • Energy utilization towards the warm solace in the structures is less with ICF structures • Thermal conductivity of ICF dividers is less according to the standard endorsed by Gulf Cooperation nations [8] • ICF framework offers better and uniform protection, more water/air proof envelope, and speedier development. • On the other hand, it costs more than other development frameworks [9]. • At present, nine private structures were developed and one business cum private complex is under development. Discussion and Results Innovation Building, it’s the company that produce ICF block in Oman started since 2009, it is located in Ghala industrial zone of Muscat, Oman. The owner of this company is Ali&abdulkarim, one of the biggest companies on the Omani market specifically in construction work, it build its own residential building and renting it to the foreign and Omani people. However, the ICF block is not only the product that they produce in the factory they also have IB-ESP slabs and boards for wall insulation with energy conservation efficiency cost effective and fire resistance. Figure 1 the Factory of ICF Block Figure 2 shows the machines of heating and cooling Machines of cooling and heating are the most important thing to use in the factory due to the material them using for producing ICF block, sheets and etc. Figure 3 Shows ICF block Raw Material This is the only raw material that they import from outside of Oman which the only needed material plus the machines to produce ICF block, and the benefit of this material and why should they have cooling and heating system is that different sizes and different measurements are needed in the market so through heating and cooling they can control this measurements. This material is ESP ( Expanded Polystyrene ). Figure 4 shows the pre expander Machine In the below figure is the machine that they are using the raw material in it to get the needed size of EPS after that it goes to the compressive machine as shown in the below figure. Figure 5 Compressive Machine After that, it becomes one big sheet which goes to the shape molding machine to get any needed shape as shown in the below figure. Figure 6 Compressive ESP Figure 7 Shaping Machine This machine considered as a very important machine in the factory because through this machine they can get any shape the need. Figure 8 Cutting Machine into uniform sheets This is an automatic machine that cutes the ESP sheets, by using plastic thread as shown in the below figure. Figure 9 shows the plastic thread In the below figures, are information collected from the company itself that explain their product. Figure10 shows the name of the factory and its products Figure 11 Show the IB-ESP Roof Insulation Advantages Figure 12 Show Different Details about IB-ESP Sheets Figure 13 Illustrates the System of ICF and Completed project Analysis ICF Block Easier to Place than Normal Block 16 14 12 10 8 Answers 6 4 2 0 Always Usually Seldom Never Graph 1 Shows the Answer of the Respondents for the First Question Of the 20 engineers that were asked this question, 14 individuals answered “always”, 3 answered “usually” and another 3 individuals answered “seldom”. Those individuals that responded to “always” indicated that the utilization of an ICF block was easier to place because it was much easier to install and provided a sound structure for a home. Whereas, the 3 individuals that responded to “usually” indicated that some of their workers thought that is was extremely time consuming. In addition, the three other individuals that responded to this question that answered “seldom” also indicated that the normal black was less time consuming and that placing an ICF block was not always useful. ICF Block is.... 25 20 15 Answers 10 5 0 More expensive Environmentally friendly Lighter All of the above Graph 2 Shows the Answer of the Respondents for the Second Question The consensus for this question was that all of the engineers responded to “all of the above”. An ICF block, according to these engineers is most definitely expensive over normal blocks for the homeowner, however, the homeowner could recoup the cost by significantly reducing utility and energy expenses, as well as saving on insurance and having the ability to downsize on heating/ cooling equipment. In addition, the engineers also stated that ICF blocks are also environmentally friendly because it does not require a large amount of fuel to heat or cool a home. Having an ICF block helps the homeowner to again saving on energy bills and maintains a comfortable temperature within their home. Not to mention, an ICF block is much lighter from the engineer’s perspective because it is light weight for easy shipping and erection. Better Insulation 25 20 15 Answers 10 5 0 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Graph 3 Shows the Answer of the Respondents for the Third Question According to 20 engineers, all of them agreed that an ICF block is better insulation because it helps provide ultra-efficient, comfortable, yet very quiet and safe environment. Durability 10 9 8 7 6 5 Answers 4 3 2 1 0 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Graph 4 Shows the Answer of the Respondents for the Fourth Question There were 9 engineers that responded to “strongly agree”, 7 that responded as “agree” and 4 of them stated “disagree”. Of the 9 individuals that answered “strongly agree” was because of the experiences that they have encountered with placing ICF blocks in various fashions. According to them, ICF blocks create structural concrete walls, either monolithic or post and beam, which is ultimately about 10 times stronger than that of a wood framed structure., so the durability is probable. The 7 engineers that answered “agree’ were hesitate in answering because many of them stated that the reason for responding to agree was based on the fact that ICF blocks had structural integrity for better resistance to natures forces; compared to that of framed walls. However, they did also state that components of an ICF system, either poured concrete and or that of material used to make ICF did not rot. On the flip side to that statement, was made by the other 4 engineers, which disagreed that ICF material di not rot. In fact, they stated that it depended on the area in which construction was being done. Colder climates, such as Canada; for example may not be durable because of the moisture in that area. Weather Resistant 16 14 12 10 8 Answers 6 4 2 0 Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Graph 5 Shows the Answer of the Respondents for the Fifth Question Of the 20 engineers questioned, 15 of them answered “strongly agree” and 5 of them answered with “disagree”. Of the 15 that answered “strongly agree”, they stated that the utilization of ICF has significantly saved many homes and low raised commercial buildings from tornados and areas affected by massive hurricanes. However, the other 5 that “disagreed” said that they have not heard of the significance of ICF in being extremely weather resistant in much colder climates. Where there are massive rainfalls along with mudslides. Saves Energy 25 20 15 Answers 10 5 0 1 0 Graph 6 Shows the Answer of the Respondents for the Sixth Question Common consensus is that all 20 engineers stated that ICF construction saves energy by means of reducing utility and energy costs, so the answer is “true”. In fact, poured concrete walls are said to provide excellent thermal mass, which aids in maintaining an even indoor comfortable temperature. In addition, ICF construction helps to spend less on smaller units of HVAC systems. ICF Construction Heavier 30% None of the above 65% Pollutant 0% Available everywhere in Oman 5% Graph 7 Shows the Answer of the Respondents for the Seventh Question Of the 20 engineers that were asked this question, 13 of them were perplexed by the answers provided and answered the question as ‘none of the above”. Their reasoning behind this is because they stated that they don’t consider ICF construction to be heavier nor did they see it to be a pollutant and wasn’t sure if ICF construction was available everywhere in Oman. However, 6 of the 20 engineers stated that it could be “heavier” because the hollow foam blocks that are stacked into shape of an exterior of a wall in a home or building, then reinforced with a steel bar and then filled with concrete can seem heavier than if the construction was done with normal blocks. Hence, the utilization of EPS or expanded polystyrene is one of the strongest structural building materials that reinforce concrete, making it even heavier. Only one engineers stated that ICF construction is available everywhere in Oman, however, finding the correct and most effective engineer may seems difficult. Upgrade Construction in Oman 12 10 8 6 Answers 4 2 0 Job Creation Capital arrangements Total overflow impacts Graph 8 Shows the Answer of the Respondents for the Last Question The Omani government's is positioning intensely in creating transport and social infrastructure, with an attention rail, air and ocean infrastructure with an end goal to enhance methods of transport and boost tourism.In the interim, specialists bring up that construction segment in Oman needs to make utilization of the advancements that are going on in the business over the world. At present, advancements and hones have not changed much here in the last couple of decades. Controllers need to affirm innovativeadvances and hones with the goal that temporary workers could make utilization of it. This will streamline work and enhance the gainfulness of the business. The major importance of the construction division in creating economies like Oman lies in its part in job creation, capital arrangement and its total overflow impacts. As economies create, development area overflows accumulate to push profitability in different divisions of the economy. In the event that the division develops more, it would give more occupations to Omani youth specifically and in a roundabout way. After asking these 20 engineers about the future construction of Oman, I asked how it could upgrade its construction based on three simple answers, being job creation; capital arrangement and total overflow impacts. The consensus included that 10 engineers said “capital arrangements, 4 said job creations and 6 said total overflow impacts. Reference 1. "History of ICFs". ICF Mag. Retrieved 8 June 2012 2. NABH Research Centre (National Association of home builders, USA), (2001), “Costs andbenefits of insulating concrete forms for residential construction”, Policy development andresearch, US Department of housing and urban Development 3. W. Maref, M. M. Armstrong, H. Saber, M. Rousseau, G. Ganapathy, M. Nicholls and M.C. Swinton, (2012), “Field Energy Performance of an Insulating Concrete Form (ICF) Wall”, National Research Council, Canada 4. Florian Antretter, Andreas Holim, Achilles Karagiozis, Samuel glass, (2010), “Interior Temperature and relative humidity distributions in mixed humid and cold climates as building simulation boundary conditions”, Buildings XI conference, ASHRAE 5. Dr. KevanHeathcote, (2007), “Comparative analysis of thermal performance of three test buildings”, Earth building research forum, University of Technology, Sydney 6. Amjed A. Maghrabi, (2005), “Comparative study of thermal insulation alternatives for buildings, walls and roofs in Makkah, Saudi Arabia”, Journal of Science and Engineering,Umm Al Aura University 7. Abdullah Yildiz, GolahanGurlek, Mehmet Erkek, (2008), “Economic and environmental analysis of thermal insulation thickness in buildings”, Journal of thermal science and technology, Turkey 8. “Green building regulations and specifications”, Public Authority of Electricity and Water,UAE 9. Dr. Mohammad S. Al-Homoud, (2004), “Performance characteristics and practical applications of common building thermal insulation materials”, Journal of building & environment, Elsevier 10. Mahasenan, Natesan; Steve Smith; Kenneth Humphreys; Y. Kaya (2003). "The Cement Industry and Global Climate Change: Current and Potential Future Cement Industry CO2 Emissions". Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies – 6th International Conference. Oxford: Pergamon. pp. 995–1000. 11. Orr, J. J., Darby, A. P., Ibell, T. J., Evernden, M. C. and Otlet, M., 2011. Concrete structures using fabric formwork. The Structural Engineer, 89 (8), pp. 20 12. Garbett J, Darby AP and Ibell TJ (2010) Optimised beam design using innovative fabricformed concrete. Advances in Structural Engineering 13. Panushev, Ivan S.; Pieter A. Vanderwerf (2004). Insulating Concrete Forms Construction. McGraw Hill.
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