This is the metirals for the test.

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timer Asked: Jan 14th, 2016

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hey this is the metirals for the test, u can do this? if u get below 80% i will do withdaw! u agree? view the file and tell me.Exam_2_Review_Sheet.doc

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Exam 2 Review Sheet South America, East Asia, South Asia, & Southeast Asia South America 1. Know all terms in bold. 2. Know the basics. 3. Physiography a. Know the main features: Amazon basin (rainforest), highland areas, and deserts. b. What plates are forming the Andes mountain chain? What type of boundary is this termed? c. How does precipitation vary as one moves north to south on the South American continent? East to west? d. Where (what countries) do A climates predominate? B climates? C climates? 4. Historical Geography a. What was this realm’s culture hearth? Why was this culture hearth’s settlement patterns unusual and what were the key to these settlement patterns? b. The Iberian Invaders i. What were the two countries who colonized this realm and where did they colonize (present-day countries)? ii. Treaty of Tordesillas 1. What was the Treaty of Tordesillas and how was it supposed to divide up the land between these colonial powers? 2. Did this division remain intact? Why? c. Friction of Distance i. High friction of distance has been a key part in the formation of countries on the South American continent and their subsequent economic development. How did friction of distance influence the formation of the realm’s countries? 5. Cultural Geography a. Know each of the culture spheres and their general location on the continent. b. Urbanization i. What is this realm’s urbanization rate? How is this rate compared to other realm’s urbanization rates? c. The Latin American City Model i. Know the different sectors of the Latin American City Model. 6. Economic Geography a. The economic integration of this continent has been influenced by other geographies (physical, political, historical etc). What are the barriers that have prevented economic integration in the past and continue to interfere with economic integration now? b. What are the ways in which the countries of this realm are trying to integrate economically? 7. Regions of the Realm a. Brazil i. Why is Brazil so important to this realm? ii. Why is Brazil considered an international economic superpower? iii. What is Brazilian culture? iv. What is the two-class system and why is it a problem for Brazil? v. Subregions of Brazil 1. Know basics for all. 2. Sao Paulo a. Why is Sao Paulo so important to the country? 3. The Interior a. Brasilia – what is it? b. Why was the capital moved from Rio de Janeiro? 4. The Amazonian North a. Growth poles – examples? i. Polonoreste Plan 1. What is the term for this plan? 2. What was the goal of this plan? 3. What were the consequences of this plan? a. Make sure you know the usual pattern of settlement (description is on p.195 in your book). Also understand how this has created the fishbone pattern that we can see in satellite images. b. The North: Facing the Caribbean i. Colombia 1. What is the historical geography of Colombia and how did it contribute to its current geography? 2. What has happened in Colombia? a. Things you should use in your answer include: insurgent state, FARC, ELN, and cocaine. b. How do Colombia’s problems illustrate how countries are intertwined? (this is where the U.S. comes in) ii. Venezuela 1. Venezuela is the only member of OPEC in the Western Hemisphere. 2. What commodity is Venezuela dependent upon? 3. What were the problems that developed because Venezuela was so dependent upon the revenues from this commodity? 4. Who is Hugo Chavez and why is he an interesting character? c. The West i. What is the common feature that the countries in this region share? ii. What country has an Indigenous Amerindian social movement underway to gain more equality and access to opportunities for Amerindians? 1. What are the goals of this movement? iii. What country is not only a landlocked state but also potentially a failed state? Looking at the slides for this country, why would this country be in a state of chaos? (Hint: look at who holds the power and then look at the majority of the people) iv. El Nino 1. What is El Nino? 2. What happens during an El Nino year compared to a normal year? 3. What are the effects of El Nino on this region? d. The South i. Why the Southern cone? ii. Argentina 1. Argentina was an economic powerhouse in the 1990’s and a destination where thousands (if not millions) of people wanted to travel. 2. What happened in Argentina in 2001? iii. Chile 1. Why is Chile an important country for this region, this realm, and the world? East Asia 8. Know basics. 9. Know all terms in bold. 10. China a. Physiography i. What are the major physiographic features of this country and where are they located? ii. Why are rivers such an important component of China? iii. Relative Location 1. What is relative location? 2. How has China’s relative location allowed it to remain isolated from foreigners? b. Historical Geography i. World’s longest continuous civilization. ii. How was China governed over its history? iii. Century of Convulsion c. d. e. f. 1. The century of convulsion is important because it started off with China expanding (through its merchant ships etc) and it ended with China retracting due to the Little Ice Age and the need for ships at home. iv. A Lost War on Drugs 1. What was the shift in the balance of power? 2. What changed economically and politically in China at this time? 3. Two wars were fought during this time period. What were the wars fought over and who won? v. New Doctrines 1. What were some of the new doctrines that were instituted by the colonial powers and what were the effects of these doctrines? vi. New China Rises 1. Who were the two groups that formed after the fall of the Manchu Dynasty? 2. Which of these groups did the Long March involve? vii. A Three-Way Struggle 1. Who were the three parties that fought with one another? 2. Which of these groups was poised to win out before the break-out of World War II? Which of these groups bore the brunt of the war? Which of these groups eventually won out and gained control of China? viii. The Rise of Communist China 1. Where did the Nationalists go after they were defeated by the Communists in 1949? Know this as it will come into play shortly. Cultural Geography i. Is China very diverse in terms of its culture? (Look at the percentage of people who are Han Chinese and you will have your answer). ii. Who is Confucius and why is he important to the Chinese? Population Geography i. What happened to China’s population from 1965-2006? ii. What was the initial view of this change in population? What is the view now? iii. What are restrictive population policies and what is the name of the policy that China enacted in order to decrease its population growth? 1. What are the consequences of restrictive population policies, especially in terms of China? Subregions of China i. Know the basics of each of these and their general location. Economic Geography i. The Great Leap Forward 1. What was it and why was it a disaster? ii. The Great Proletarian Revolution 1. What was it and what was the result? iii. The Wedding between Communism and Capitalism 1. What are SEZ’s and what do they allow that is not allowed in the rest of the country? 2. Where are SEZ’s located and why are they located here? iv. What is going on in China today? (Read through the email I sent out as well as the lecture slide entitled “The Pacific Rim Today”) g. The Next Superpower? i. Why wouldn’t we (or anyone else for that matter) want to get into a war with China? 11. Xizang a. What is this region also know as and what has happened here? 12. Xinjiang a. This region is important because….. 13. What country serves as a buffer state between two huge countries and powers? 14. Jakota Triangle a. What does Jakota stand for? b. Japan i. Physiography 1. Japan has an extremely unique physiography due to plate tectonics. Understand how plate tectonics has formed the islands that constitute Japan and understand how this in turn has affected its physiography. ii. Culture 1. We say Japan is one of the most culturally homogenous societies in the world. About 99% of its people share the same culture and cultural traits. iii. Historical Geography 1. How did Japan transform over the years from the 16th century to the 20th century? 2. How are the Meiji Restoration and Japan’s subsequent colonial expansion linked? 3. Why did Japan become a colonial power and what regions did it take over? 4. How did World War II transform Japan into the country that we see today? iv. Problems 1. What are the problems that Japan will face in the future? c. Korea i. Compare and contrast North Korea and South Korea. d. Taiwan i. What is the historical background of Taiwan? ii. Why does China consider Taiwan one of its errant provinces? iii. What is Taiwan’s current status in the world now? (i.e. is it an internationally recognized country?) iv. What could possibly happen if Taiwan were to declare itself an independent nation and what countries would this declaration involve? (from news article readings) South Asia 15. Know the basics. 16. Know the terms in bold. 17. Physiography a. Mountains dominate in the north – why? b. What are this realm’s major rivers and where are they located? c. What other features make this realm unique? d. Monsoons i. What is a monsoon and why does it form? ii. Why are monsoons so important to Indians (hint: look at the percentage of people that are subsistence farmers and you will have your answer). 18. Historical/Cultural Geography a. Where was the culture hearth in this realm? b. What ideas did the Indo-European invaders bring with them and what system have these ideas created? c. The people in the southern portion of India are known as __________ and are very different from the people who live in the northern portion. d. Hinduism i. What are the basic tenets of Hinduism? ii. What is the caste system? iii. How are Hinduism and the caste system linked? e. Buddhism i. How did Buddhism get its start? ii. From whom did Buddhism gain an international status? iii. What are the four noble truths of Buddhism? f. The Power of Islam i. How did Islam gain a foothold in this realm and where does this foothold continue today? You should understand how Pakistan and Bangladesh are Islamic countries while India is Hindu based on how the people in each of these areas were converted. g. The European Intrusion i. What was the name of the company that governed this realm initially? ii. When and why did power transfer from this company into the hands of the British government? iii. What were some of the effects of colonization on this realm? h. Partition i. Why was this realm split apart upon independence? (hint: think about the three religions we just discussed and the areas in which they predominate) ii. What three entities were initially created and what are their names now? iii. What happened as a result of the partition (hint: migration)? iv. Where does the largest minority population in the world reside and what is this minority population? 19. Population Geography a. The Demographic Transition Model i. What region has the highest density of people in the world (besides Japan)? ii. Know and understand the five stages of this model as well as the stages where population will grow. 20. Regions of the realm a. Pakistan i. How do we describe Pakistan in terms of its government and what is this government based upon? ii. Kashmir 1. Who is fighting whom in Kashmir? 2. What is the historical basis of this fighting? 3. Why is this conflict an international issue? iii. Know the negatives and positives of Pakistan. b. India i. What type of government is India? ii. Why is India considered a political miracle? 1. How has changing the political map of India kept the country unified? iii. Know the centrifugal forces and the centripetal forces. iv. Economic Geography 1. What is the mainstay of the Indian economy? 2. What is going on in terms of industrialization and technology in India? 3. What is the ‘brain gain’ and how is it benefiting India? c. Bangladesh i. Bangladesh is an interesting country, especially in terms if natural disasters – why? ii. Understand the difference between population density and physiologic density. How does Bangladesh rank as far as its physiologic density and what does this tell us about the country and its economy? iii. What are the problems/challenges that Bangladesh faces? d. Sri Lanka i. We learned about another country that has an insurgent state in this module. What is that country? ii. How did the insurgent state in Sri Lanka form? What is the historical basis of this conflict? What is the name of the group who has created this insurgent state and what do they want? What is the current status of this conflict? e. Maldives i. Why is the government of the Maldives so worried about global warming? Southeast Asia 1. Know all terms in bold. 2. Know the basics. 3. Know general geography of realm. a. Understand the difference between the mainland region and the insular region. b. Why is Borneo unusual? Why is it considered a biodiversity hot spot? c. What are the major rivers in the realm, and what is the most important river? d. What is the cultural mosaic of this realm like? e. Where did most of the people that now live in this realm originate from? f. What religions are practiced here, and where do each of these religions dominate? g. What colonial powers were involved, and what areas of this realm did they colonize? h. What countries are considered emerging markets? i. Is the realm trying to integrate? If so, how? j. Know the classifications and the types of boundaries, as well as territorial shapes countries can take. 4. Mainland Southeast Asia a. Vietnam i. What is Vietnam’s shape and how has this affected the country? ii. What is the history of Vietnam? iii. How is Vietnam changing today? b. Know basics about Cambodia and Laos c. Thailand i. What is Thailand’s primate city? ii. What shape is Thailand? How does this shape affect the southern protrusion of the country and the inhabitants that live there? d. Myanmar i. Myanmar was ruled for decades by what type of government? What recently happened and why was it such a shocking turnabout? ii. How has Myanmar’s situation changed due to this turnabout? 5. Insular Southeast Asia a. Malaysia i. Understand the two parts of Malaysia. ii. Where is the choke point located, and why here? b. Brunei i. Why is Brunei such an anomaly in this realm? There are lots of reasons! c. Singapore i. How does Singapore’s relative location help its economy? ii. What is the term we use to describe Singapore, and what direction is Singapore heading now? iii. What is the size of Singapore, and how has the government tried to remedy the space situation? d. Indonesia i. What are some of the basics of Indonesia? ii. In terms of religion, what is Indonesia’s predominant religion? iii. What island is Indonesia’s core? iv. What island is becoming a hotbed for palm oil plantations? v. What area is beset by massive deforestation? vi. What island is a volcano and has seen frequent clashed between Muslims and Christians? vii. What island functions as a colony, but has a large indigenous population that wants independence from the country? viii. What is transmigration and why did it start? e. East Timor i. When did East Timor become a country and what was its journey to this point and how was oil involved? ii. Where is East Timor’s exclave? f. The Philippines i. What are we talking about in terms of cultural diversity in the Philippines? ii. What is the major source of revenue for the economy? iii. What is going on in the Sulu Archipelago, and why?
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