What means the same thing as morally requiredGroup of answer choicesNot wrong to doRequiredWrong to doWrong not to doFlag this QuestionQuestion 21 ptsHow does Act Consequentialism differ from other moral theories?Group of answer choicesClaims that the value of the consequences of actions the only morally relevant factorClaims that the value of the consequences of actions one among other morally relevant factorsClaims that one always ought to act egoisticallyClaims that we have moral duties that ignore consequencesFlag this QuestionQuestion 31 ptsHow do Act Consequentialism (AC) and Rule Consequentialism (RC) differ?Group of answer choicesFor AC ‘moral rules’ are only general guidelines that assist you in reliably choosing to do the right thing while for RC moral rules determine whether you did the right thing.For RC ‘moral rules’ are only general guidelines that assist you in reliably choosing to do the right thing while for AC moral rules determine whether you did the right thing.For RC, we must maximize the good for ourselves while for AC, we must maximize the good for everyone.For AC, we must maximize the good for ourselves while for RC, we must maximize the good for everyone.Flag this QuestionQuestion 41 ptsWhat is moderate ethical egoism?Group of answer choicesEach person is always motivated to do what they believe will maximize their own well-being.It is morally permissible (but not required) for you to do what you believe will maximize your own well-being.You are morally required to do what you believe will maximize your own well-being.It is always rational for you to do what you believe will maximize your own well-being (but not irrational to do otherwise).Flag this QuestionQuestion 51 ptsWhat is an implication of Act Consequentialism?Group of answer choicesThe well-being of the person making the choice has more weight than anyone else's well-being in considering the moral status of the action as right or wrong.There are some absolute moral requirements, such as never harming innocent people and never telling lies.A person's intentions in choosing to do what they did is not directly relevant to the moral status of the action as right or wrong.Some types of actions are inherently wrong to some degree, though their wrongness can be overridden by the value of the consequences.Flag this QuestionQuestion 61 ptsWhat objection do people make against Act Consequentialism (AC)?Group of answer choicesAC is false because it says that sometimes it is permissible or even required to certain things without regard to whether or not they maximize the good.AC is false because it says that there's a morally relevant different between doing something that leads to a bad result and allowing that bad result to happen.AC is false because it says that some actions are supererogatory, that they go above and beyond duty requires, and so we are not obligated to do them.AC is false because it says that in the right circumstances, where doing so would maximize the good, it would be morally *required* for the transplant surgeon to kill the one innocent patient in order to save the five dying patients.Flag this QuestionQuestion 71 ptsTo which kind of moral theory does Immanuel Kant’s theory belong?Group of answer choicesAct ConsequentialismDeontologyEthical egoismRule ConsequentialismFlag this QuestionQuestion 81 ptsAccording to Kant, what is the only thing that can be unconditionally good without any qualification?Group of answer choicesintelligencethe willhappinesscourageFlag this QuestionQuestion 91 ptsWhat is an example of an action that is merely conforms with duty but is motivated by a non-immediate inclination?Group of answer choicesLying in cases where lying is morally wrong.Telling the truth because you will benefit from doing so.Telling the truth because you recognize that it's your duty to do so.Telling the truth because you just have a strong desire always be truthful.Flag this QuestionQuestion 101 ptsKant writes the following: "It certainly conforms with duty that a shopkeeper not overcharge an inexperienced customer, and where there is a good deal of trade a prudent merchant does not overcharge but keeps a fixed general price for everyone, so that a child can buy from him as well as everyone else." What is Kant's reaction to such behavior?Group of answer choicesThe merchant's behavior has moral worth. It's good enough that his action conforms (coincides) with what duty requires. It doesn't matter much what his actual motive happens to be as long as he does what he ought to doThe merchant's behavior has moral worth because the morally right action is what satisfies our self-interestThe merchant's behavior has moral worth because, even though he had no desire to help others, he did so anyway because he recognized that it was his moral dutyThe merchant's behavior does not have any moral worth. He is acting from a motive of self-interest, even though what he is doing just happens to be what duty requires him to doFlag this QuestionQuestion 111 ptsWhat question are you asking when applying Kant’s *Universal Law* formulation of the categorical imperative?Group of answer choicesIs this action following a rule that if accepted, internalize, and followed by everyone would maximize the good more than following any competing rule?Is my action treating a human being as an end and not as a mere means?Do the consequences of my action maximize the good more than any other alternative available to me?Can the maxim of my action can be universalized?Flag this QuestionQuestion 121 ptsWhat is Kant’s *Humanity* formulation of the categorical imperative?Group of answer choicesThe theory that an action is morally required if doing otherwise would involve treating other human beings as mere means and failing to treat them as endsThe theory that an action is morally required if doing otherwise would involve a maxim that the agent could not consistently will that others followThe theory that an action is morally required if and only if the value of the consequences of that action are greater than the value of the consequences of any other option available to the agent at that timeThe theory that an action is morally required if and only if it follows the correct moral rule governing that situation where the correct moral rule is determined by whether that rule belongs to the set of moral rules that maximize the goodFlag this QuestionQuestion 131 ptsAccording to Kant’s *Universal Law* formulation of the categorical imperative, why is it wrong to make a false promise to get money from someone?Group of answer choicesBecause, in the end, you will not benefit by doing this.Because you would be treating the other person in a way that they could not possibly agree to be treatedBecause you cannot will that everyone acts on the maxim on which you would be acting while, at the same time, achieve your goal of acquiring money in this wayBecause a world in which everyone makes false promises has less expected value than a world in which no one make false promisesFlag this QuestionQuestion 141 ptsAccording to Kant’s *Humanity* formulation of the categorical imperative, why is it wrong to lie?Group of answer choicesBecause, in the end, you will not benefit by doing this.Because you would be treating the other person in a way that they could not possibly agree to be treatedBecause you cannot will that everyone acts on the maxim on which you would be acting while, at the same time, achieve your goal of acquiring money in this wayBecause a world in which everyone makes false promises has less expected value than a world in which no one make false promisesFlag this QuestionQuestion 151 ptsTo which kind of moral theory does W.D. Ross’s theory belong?Group of answer choicesDeontologyAct ConsequentialismEthical egoismRule ConsequentialismFlag this QuestionQuestion 161 ptsWhich of the following best characterizes the difference between W.D. Ross and Immanuel Kant?Group of answer choicesFor Kant, we are always morally required to maximize the good. Ross disagrees.For Kant, our duty to tell the truth is an absolute duty: it admits of no exceptions. Ross disagrees.For Ross, our duty to tell the truth is an absolute duty: it admits of no exceptions. Kant disagrees.For Ross, we are always morally required to maximize the good. Kant disagrees.Flag this QuestionQuestion 171 ptsWhat prima facie duty listed by Ross is a backward-looking duty?Group of answer choicesBeneficenceSelf-ImprovementNon-MaleficenceGratitudeFlag this QuestionQuestion 181 ptsYou are faced with a decision. Either you must keep your promise to your brother or you must apologize to a friend. Apologizing to the friend would require breaking the promise to your brother. On the other hand, keeping the promise to your brother would preclude apologizing to the friend. Which categories of prima facie duties are involved in this situation?Group of answer choicesFidelity and reparationFidelity and gratitudeSelf-improvement and non-maleficenceReparation and beneficenceFlag this QuestionQuestion 191 ptsWhat does Hurka mean by saying that virtue is a higher-level good and vice a higher-level evil?Group of answer choicesThat virtue and vice are very difficult to acquireThat we can only acquire virtuous and vicious states as we ageThat such states always involve a response to some other goodThat virtue has greater value than other goods and vice has greater dis-value than other evilsFlag this QuestionQuestion 201 ptsWhat is an example of a simple emotional attitude?Group of answer choicesSeeking out knowledge out of a natural curiosity to find the answersHelping a sick neighbor because you know it’s the right thing to doSeeking out knowledge because it is an intrinsically good thingVisiting a friend because you know it’ll make her happy and happiness is goodFlag this QuestionQuestion 211 ptsWhat is an example of a vice of indifference?Group of answer choicesEnvy: disliking or being pained by the increased welfare of another personSelfishness: excessive concern for one’s own well-being relative to one’s concern for ways that one could benefit othersCynicism: taking pleasure in the perceived selfishness of othersCallousness: not caring about the suffering of othersFlag this QuestionQuestion 221 ptsWhat is compassion?Group of answer choicesFeeling pain at one’s own viceDoing what is morally right because you know it is rightTrying to promote another person’s experience of pleasureTrying to relieve the suffering of another personFlag this QuestionQuestion 231 ptsAccording to Hursthouse, what is an honest person like?Group of answer choicesThey will consistently tell the truth, but they won’t worry too much about how other people act about the truthThey are scrupulous in seeking to avoid lying and other ways of creating false beliefs, deeply concerned to communicate the truth, saddened when others cheat, perceptive in noticing when honesty is an issue in a situationThey will consistently tell the truth, even when they don’t want toThey will consistently avoid lying, but they won’t be concerned to communicate the truthFlag this QuestionQuestion 241 ptsAccording to virtue ethics, when is an action the morally right one?Group of answer choicesWhen it is the most stringent or important of the prima facie duties that the agent has in that situationWhen doing it does not treat others as mere means.When it's one that follows the correct moral rule governing that situation where the correct moral rule is determined by whether that rule belongs to the set of moral rules that maximize the good.When it's one that a fully virtuous person would do in that situation.Not saved Submit QuizQuestionsHaven't Answered YetQuestion 1Haven't Answered YetQuestion 2Haven't Answered YetQuestion 3Haven't Answered YetQuestion 4Haven't Answered YetQuestion 5Haven't Answered YetQuestion 6Haven't Answered YetQuestion 7Haven't Answered YetQuestion 8Haven't Answered YetQuestion 9Haven't Answered YetQuestion 10Haven't Answered YetQuestion 11Haven't Answered YetQuestion 12Haven't Answered YetQuestion 13Haven't Answered YetQuestion 14Haven't Answered YetQuestion 15Haven't Answered YetQuestion 16Haven't Answered YetQuestion 17Haven't Answered YetQuestion 18Haven't Answered YetQuestion 19Haven't Answered YetQuestion 20Haven't Answered YetQuestion 21Haven't Answered YetQuestion 22Haven't Answered YetQuestion 23Haven't Answered YetQuestion 24Time Elapsed: HideAttempt due: Jul 13 at 11:59pm