Description
It is often claimed that smoking causes cancer. This is usually presented as a reason why people should either give up smoking, or else not start smoking. It is sometimes combined with other claims about smoking, such as that it is expensive or that it will lead to the deterioration of one’s looks.
What sort of argument would claim that a link exists between smoking and cancer? What would make this a stronger argument? What would weaken it?
What type of argument could this become once other claims are added to it? How would this latter type of argument be assessed?
Would either type of argument prove definitely that one should not smoke? Why or why not?
Write a four-page essay that answers these questions. Be clear to differentiate between the first given argument and the other arguments that you would construct. While a thesis for this essay is not imperative, the essay should include an introduction and conclusion
here is a rubric to follow thank you.
Case Study 6 |
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Explanation & Answer
Attached.
Running head: PHILOSOPHY ARGUMENTS
Philosophy Arguments
Name
Institutional Affiliation
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PHILOSOPHY ARGUMENTS
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Philosophy Arguments
In philosophical logic, the word argument is used to refer to statements that are made by
individuals with the aim of convincing someone of something. It is also used to refer to
presentation of reasons as a basis for agreeing with a certain conclusion. From this perspective,
an argument is made of propositions or statements which are referred to as premises from which
a statement, a conclusion is claimed to be derived from, if it is the case of a deductive argument.
In an inductive argument, the conclusion is said to be inferred from the premises (Hacking,
2001). An argument is characterized as being good if it has all premises being true and is of good
form. Arguments are therefore divided into three major forms, deductive, abductive and
inductive.
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This is a form of inductive argument that makes the claim that there is a correlation
between smoking and contracting cancer. Inductive reasoning has been widely recognized as a
form of establishing a relationship. One of the most renowned forms of inductive reasoning is
found in science. The lung cancer case from mid-20th century is regarded as one of the most
familiar cases of inductive reasoning. Research in the 50s began looking at a fifteen fold increase
in lung cancer. Information collected from patients revealed that persistently smoking cigarettes
was correlated with occurrence of lung cancer (Katzav, & Reed, 2004). These findings are in
alignment with the claim ge...
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