Health & Medical Question
Question Description
All case rates have two things in common, 1) A numerator or case count, and 2) a denominator (population). Calculating case rates isn't rocket science, but obtaining accurate numbers to describe a populations' health can be quite a challenge. So, let’s start with a case with available numbers.
A grade school asthma study was performed at Dolphin View Elementary. There were 120 asthma cases in a school population of 1,500. During the calendar year 2011, of the 120 cases total, 20 cases were newly diagnosed. There was 1 death during the year studies due to acute status asthmaticus
1.Calculate the disease prevalence, disease incidence and mortality rate for the school.
Dolphin View Elementary Asthma Study: (Illustrative) Meyer (2012) | |||||||||
Epidemiology Case Counts = 120 | Population = 1,500 | New Cases = 20 | Deaths = 1 | Time Period CY 2011 | |||||
The quantitative existence of the disease in the population | |||||||||
Prevalence Rate = | number of diseased people at a point in time/ | cases | _______ | x 1,000 = | |||||
number of individuals in the population | population | ||||||||
______Cases per 1,000 | |||||||||
The speed of new cases of a disease in the population | |||||||||
Incidence Rate = | number of new cases during the set time period/ | cases | _______ | x 1,000 = | |||||
number of individuals in the population | population | ||||||||
______Cases per 1,000 | |||||||||
Mortality Rate = | number of new deaths of the disease in the period/ | Case(s) | _______ | x 1,000 = | |||||
sum of risk period for all individuals | population | ||||||||
______Cases per 1,000 | |||||||||
2) How may the school administration and public health epidemiologists use this information to monitor and improve the health of Dolphin View Elementary students and its community at large?
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