Running head: INSERT FIRST 50 CHARACTERS OF TITLE
The Running head is required for CSU-Global
APA Requirements. The title page should
have the words, Running head: followed by
the first 50 characters of the title in call
caps. Use the template paper located in the
Library under the “APA Guide & Resources”
link for a paper that is already formatted in
APA.
1
Page numbers
should be inserted
in the top right
corner.
SAMPLE PAPER
Identifying the Best Practices in Strategic Management
Gertrude Steinbeck
ORG500 – Foundations of Effective Management
Colorado State University – Global Campus
Dr. Stephanie Allong
August 6, 2015
Information on the Title
Page is centered in the
top half of the paper. All
major words should be
capitalized and not bold.
Papers should be
typed in a 12 pt,
Times New Roman
font with 1 inch
margins on all 4
sides and the entire
paper is double
spaced.
All subsequent pages should
only have the first250
characters of the paper’s title
in all caps for the running head.
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
Identifying the Best Practices in Strategic Management
Strategic management and corporate sustainability are two important dynamics of
modern-day organizations. It is important for organizational leaders to have an understanding of
Each paragraph
Repeat the title of your paper at the
the theoretical
applications
should be
indented of strategic management as a means of addressing
beginning.corporate
This is not a header;
½ inch or 5 spaces
therefore it is not to be bold, but all
sustainability.
of this paper is to provide definitions major
and anwords
understanding
of Do not add
fromThe
the purpose
left
are capitalized.
margin.
a header at the beginning of your paper
as the first paragraph should clearly
identify
the objective
of your paper.
organization of study, is also provided in order to understand how the
company
has utilized
A level 1 header should be bold,
centered
and
all major words
strategic
management
to implement sustainability initiatives for long-term financial performance.
capitalized. See
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl
Strategic Management
/resource/560/16/on how to
Theheadings
functioninofAPA.
management is to plan, organize, lead, and control the operations of an
format
strategic management and corporate sustainability. An overview of the Walgreen Company, the
organization (Robbins & Coulter, 2007) and includes strategic management. Strategic
management is an approach in which organizations create a competitive advantage, enhance
productivity, and establish long-term financial performance. Chandler (as cited in Whittington,
2008) defines strategy as “the determination of the basic long-term
objectives
of an that is
If you goals
using aand
source
(Whittington)
citing another author (Chandler), use the
author’s last name found in your source
(Chandler)
at define
the beginning
of your
carrying out these goals” (p. 268). Similarly, Wheelen and Hunger
(2008)
strategic
sentence followed by the citation - (as
cited in Your
Source,
year).
Only the source
management as the managerial decisions and actions of an organization
that
achieve
long-run
you are reading (Whittington) will be listed
performance of the business, with benefits such as:
in your references. See
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resour
Clearer sense of vision for the organization
ce/560/09/for more information
enterprise, and the adoption of courses of action and the allocation of resources necessary for
Sharper focus on what is strategically important
Improved understanding of a changing environment
The Strategic Management Model (SMM) provides the framework
for integrating
strategic
Spell phrase
out the first
time in document with
acronym in parentheses.
From that point forward,
the acronym can be used.
planning into an organization so that the aforementioned benefits are realized.
This is an example of how to cite authors
using a narrative citation. The year3must
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
follow the author’s last name in parentheses.
The authors are being used as a part of a
Strategic Management Model
sentence, therefore the word “and” is used
andevolved,
not the symbol
Research indicates as the concept of strategic management
many “&.”
A level 2 header should
be bold, left-justified
theoretical models were proposed. Ginter, Ruck, and Duncan (1985) identify eight
and all major words
capitalized.
elements of the normative strategic model: vision and mission; objective setting; external
When citing 3-5 authors, list all the
authors the
first time
(see above) scanning; strategic alternatives; strategy
environmental scanning;
internal
environmental
and then use et al. for the following
in-text citations.
If you have
6 or
selection; implementation;
and control.
Long
(as cited in Ginter et al., 1985) stated that
more authors, use et al. for all innormative strategic management
models are an “explicit, intentional, planned and rational
text citations.
approach” (p. 581) to management. Similar to Ginter et al., Wheelen and Hunger (2008)
established the SMM (see Figure 1) which includes four main elements: environmental
scanning,
strategy
formulation,
strategy implementation, and evaluation and control.
When quoting,
you must
include
the
page number or the paragraph
scanning
numberEnvironmental
of where you found
the is the monitoring, evaluating, and extracting of information from
quote and cite the source and/or page
the external and internal environments in order for management to establish plans and
number immediately after the
quotationmake
marksdecisions.
even it if itStrategy
is in the formulation includes creating long-term plans for the
middle of a sentence.
organization, including the mission, objectives, strategies and policies. Strategy
implementation is the process of executing policies and strategies in order to achieve the
mission and objectives. Evaluation and control require monitoring the performance of the
organization and adjusting the process as necessary in order to achieve desired results
(Wheelen & Hunger, 2008).
The SMM assumes the organizational learning theory, which states that an
organization adapts to the changing environment and uses gathered knowledge to
improve the fit between itself and the environment. The SMM also assumes the
organization be a learning organization in which the gathered knowledge can be used to
change behavior and reflect new knowledge (Wheelen & Hunger, 2008).
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
Environmental
Scanning
External:
Opportunities
Threats
Societal
Environmental
Task Environmental
Strategy
Formulation
Strategy
Implementation
4
Evaluation
and
Control
Mission
Objectives
Strategies
Policies
Internal:
Strengths
Weaknesses
Structure
Culture
Resources
Programs
Budgets
Procedures
Performance
Figure 1. The strategic management model was adapted from Strategic management and business policy
(11th ed.) by T. L. Wheelen, & J. D. Hunger, 2008, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
When using a Figure in your paper, make sure there
is no title above the figure. Underneath the figure
youthrough
must have
the word,
“Figure” italicized and the
In addition to enhancing financial performance
strategic
management,
figure number in your paper followed by a period.
Then mention
where the
information
organizational leaders have the responsibility of increasing
shareholder
value
through was adapted or
general information about the figure. Follow the
1
corporate sustainability
(Epstein, 2008). Corporate sustainability
is defined
variety
of
example above.
Noticeinit adoes
not follow
the
reference citation format.
Corporate Sustainability
ways. Hollingworth (2009) described a sustainable organization as “one that strives for
and achieves 360-organizational sustainability” (p. 1). The author claimed an2
When you are using the same source for a
paragraph, you
need to startwhen
the paragraph
with or maintain, over a long-term without
organization
is sustainable
it can endure,
a 1- narrative citation, 2- refer to the author
permanently
damaging
or depleting
resources
again so your
reader knows
you are still
talking including: the organization itself; its human
about the same author (try not to use pronouns
resources
(internal
andasexternal);
the community/society/ethno-sphere;
and the planet’s
such as “he”
or “she”
APA believes
this could
3
lead to a gender bias, and 3-end the paragraph
environment. He then claimed that if one of the four resources is not sustainable, issues
with a parenthetical citation.
with the remaining resources will eventually develop (Hollingworth, 2009). Brundtland
(as cited in Epstein, 2008) described sustainability as the economic development that
addresses the needs of the present generation without depleting resources needed by
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
5
future generations Epstein (2008) adds to the definition from a business perspective by
including corporate social responsibility. Epstein also states that organizations have a
responsibility to stakeholders to improve management practices in order to add value by
addressing corporate social, environmental and economic impacts (Epstein, 2008).
Organizational leaders are the strategic decision makers of a company and have a
responsibility to stakeholders (Wheelen & Hunger 2008). Therefore, it is important to
have an understanding of why corporate sustainability is important, and how the nine
principles of sustainability performance guide strategic management.
Importance of Corporate Sustainability
is another
examplea of
InThis
addition
to making
profit, organizations have a responsibility to society,
narrative citation. The year must
whichfollow
includes
economic,
social, and environmental impacts, otherwise
the addressing
author’s lastits
name.
If
there was a quotation, the page or
known
as social
responsibility.
and Carroll had two opposing views of
paragraph
number
would be Friedman
listed
immediately after the quote in
parentheses.
corporate social responsibility. Friedman argued that the sole responsibility of business
was to use resources and activities that enhanced profits (Wheelen & Hunger, 2008).
Carroll (1979) argued that social responsibility included much more that making a profit;
This is an example of a parenthetical
he proposed businesses must include the economic, legal, ethical
andItdiscretionary
citation.
includes the authors’ last
names and the year. If there was a
quotation, a page or paragraph
would also be included.
Economic responsibilities include producing goodsnumber
and services
to meet the
Notice that the period is at the end
of the parentheses.
needs/wants of society in order to make a profit;
Legal responsibilities are the laws and regulations the company is expected to
categories of business performance.
abide by;
Ethical responsibilities are included in the previous two statements, but also
include the norms and beliefs held by society;
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
6
Discretionary responsibilities are other responsibilities taken on by the
organization including voluntary activities and philanthropic contributions
(Carroll, 1979).
The importance of corporate sustainability, therefore, is that an organization is
responsible for financial performance, but it also has additional responsibilities to
stakeholders and society in general.
The Nine Principles of Sustainability Performance
The nine principles, as presented by Epstein and Roy (2003) (see Table 1), further
define sustainability, are measureable, and can easily be incorporated into strategic
management (Epstein, 2008). These principles include ethics, governance, transparency,
business relationships, financial return, community involvement, value of products and
services, employment practices and protection of the environment.
A table or figure should fit all on one
page even if there is a gap left in
your paper. It is easier for the reader
to view the table or figure when
presented as a whole instead of split
on two pages.
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
7
Table 1
The Nine Principles of Sustainability Performance
1. Ethics
2. Governance
3. Transparency
4. Business
relationships
5. Financial return
6. Community
involvement/
economic
development
7. Value of
product and
services
8. Employment
practices
The company establishes, promotes, monitors and maintains ethical
standards and practices in dealing with all of the company stakeholders.
The company manages all of its resources conscientiously and effectively,
recognizing the fiduciary duty of corporate boards and managers to focus
on the interests of all company stakeholders.
The company provides timely disclosure of information about its
products, services and activities, thus permitting stakeholders to make
informed decisions.
When practices
using a Table
in suppliers,
your paper,distributors
make
The company engages in fair-trading
with
sure you use the word “Table” with the
and partners.
Table number.
Then
insert
the title of the
The company compensates providers
of capital
with
a competitive
return
on investment and the protection of
company
assets.
Table
in italics,
with all major words
The company fosters a mutually
beneficial
relationship
capitalized. Underneath thebetween
Table youthe
must
corporation and community inhave
which
it
is
sensitive
to
the
culture,
context
the word, “Note” italicized followed by
and needs of the community.
a period. Then mention where the
information was adapted from or general
The company respects the needs, desires and rights of its customers and
information
about
theservice
Table. values.
Follow this
strives to provide the highest levels
of product
and
example. Notice it does not follow the
Reference
citation format.
The company engages in human-resource
management
practices that
promote personal and professional employee development, diversity and
empowerment.
9. Protection of the The company strives to protect and restore the environment and promote
environment
sustainable development with products, processes, services and other
activities.
Note. There should be a general note about the table here. Adapted from “Improving
sustainability performance: Specifying, implementing and measuring key principles” by M.
Epstein, & M. Roy, 2003, Journal of General Management, 29(1), pp.15-31.
Walgreens Company
Walgreens Company is a retail drugstore that is in the primary business of prescription
and non-prescription drugs, and general merchandise including beauty care, personal care,
household items, photofinishing, greeting cards, and seasonal items (Reuters, 2010). More
recently, the organization diversified its offerings through worksite healthcare facilities, home
care facilities, specialty pharmacies, and mail service pharmacies (Walgreens Company, 2010).
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
8
Walgreen Company established a strong organizational culture focusing on consumer and
employee satisfaction. The mission of Walgreens is:
We will provide the most convenient access to consumer goods and services . . .
and pharmacy, health and wellness services . . . in America. We will earn the trust
of our customers and build shareholder value. We will treat each other with
respect and dignity and do the same for all we serve. We will offer employees of
all backgrounds a place to build a career. (Walgreens, 2010a, para. 1)
Walgreens was established in 1901 by pharmacist Charles R. Walgreen Sr. (Walgreens, 2010b).
Prior to establishing the company, Mr. Walgreen struggled with the direction the pharmacy
If a quotation is longer than 40 words, it
If you are using information from
multiple web pages from one
format is indented ½ inch (or 5 spaces
youover
need238,000
to distinguish
Today, Walgreens is the largest drugstore chain in the United States website,
employing
from the left) from the left margin. Do not
which citation came from which
use quotation marks for this quote.
web page.
can distinguish each
people. Sales in 2009 exceeded $63 billion, in which 65% of sales were
from You
prescriptions
page, by putting the letters, “a,”
drugs. The organization has expanded into all 50 states, as well as the District
of Colombia
and
“b”, etc.
with the year.
industry
the lack
quality customer service and care for people concerned him.
must bewas
in aheaded;
block format.
Theofblock
Puerto Rico, for a total of 7,496 stores and 350 Take Care clinics (Walgreens Company, 2010,
para. 3).
Conclusion
Strategic management and corporate sustainability are two important practices in today’s
competitive global environment. In order to effectively implement strategic management in light
of corporate sustainability, leaders must have an understanding of such concepts. This paper has
provided a background and understanding of strategic management and corporate sustainability.
An overview and history of Walgreen Company was also presented in order to identify best
practices in strategic management that enhance corporate sustainability.
IDENTIFYING
THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
List sources in
alphabetical order.
The word, References
should be capitalized,
centered, but not bold.
9
References
Carroll, A. B. (1979). A three-dimensional conceptual model of corporate performance. The
Academy of Management Review, 4(4), 497.
When a citation
runs over to the
second line,
indent 5 spaces to
the right. This is a
“hanging indent.”
Collins, J. (2001). Good to great. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers Inc.
Epstein, M. J. (2008). Making sustainability work. San Francisco, CA: Greenleaf
Publishing Limited.
Epstein, M., & Roy, M. (2003). Improving sustainability performance: Specifying, implementing
and measuring key principles. Journal of General Management, 29(1), 15-31.
French, S. (2009). Critiquing the language of strategic management. The Journal of Management
Development, 28(1), 6-17. doi: 10.1108/02621710910923836
Ginter, P., Ruck, A., & Duncan, W. (1985). Planners’ perceptions of the strategic management
process. Journal of Management Studies, 22(6), 581-596.
Hollingworth, M. (2009, November/December). Building 360 organizational sustainability. Ivey
Business Journal, 73(6), 2.
Walgreens. (2010a). Mission statement. Retrieved from
http://news.walgreens.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=1042
Walgreens. (2010b). Our past.
from
If youRetrieved
are using information
Make sure that the links
are not live (you should
not be able to click on
them to go to the
website). If they are live,
in Word, right click and
then click on “Remove
Hyperlink.”
from multiple web pages
from one website, you need
to be able to distinguish
Reuters. (2010). Walgreen Co.
Retrieved from
what information came from
each web page. To do this,
http://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/companyProfile?symbol=WAG.N
you need to add the letters,
Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, “a,”
M. (2007).
“b,” etc.Management
to the year of (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson
each citation.
http://www.walgreens.com/marketing/about/history/default.html
Prentice Hall.
Walgreens Company. (2010). 2009 Annual report. Retrieved from
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
http://investor.walgreens.com/annual.cfm
Wheelen, T. L., & Hunger, J. D. (2008). Strategic management and business policy (11th ed.).
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Whittington, R. (2008). Alfred Chandler, founder of strategy: Lost tradition and renewed
inspiration. Business History Review, 82(2), 267-277.
Note: Level Headers 3, 4, and 5 are also used but much less frequently. Click here for
more information on their format and use.
For more information on CSUGlobal APA requirements for
formatting in APA, and examples of
in-text and reference citations, see
the CSU-Global Guide to Writing
and APA Requirements.
10
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
11
References
Carroll, A. B. (1979). A three-dimensional conceptual model of corporate performance. The
Academy of Management Review, 4(4), 497. [This is a journal article citation. Articles
from the Library databases are based on print journals so the citation will end with page
numbers.]
Collins, J. (2001). Good to great. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers Inc. [This is a book
citation.]
Epstein, M. J. (2008). Making sustainability work. San Francisco, CA: Greenleaf
Publishing Limited.
Epstein, M., & Roy, M. (2003). Improving sustainability performance: Specifying, implementing
and measuring key principles. Journal of General Management, 29(1), 15-31.
French, S. (2009). Critiquing the language of strategic management. The Journal of Management
Development, 28(1), 6-17. doi: 10.1108/02621710910923836 [This is a journal article
citation from a Library database. Include a doi number if available.]
Ginter, P., Ruck, A., & Duncan, W. (1985). Planners’ perceptions of the strategic management
process. Journal of Management Studies, 22(6), 581-596.
Hollingworth, M. (2009, November/December). Building 360 organizational sustainability. Ivey
Business Journal Online. Retrieved from
http://www.iveybusinessjournal.com/article.asp?intArticle_ID=868 [This is a journal that
is published online, so you would include the URL.]
Reuters. (2010). Walgreens Co. (WAG.N). Retrieved from
http://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/companyProfile?symbol=WAG.N
IDENTIFYING THE BEST PRACTICES IN STRATEGIC
12
Walgreens. (2010a). Mission statement. Retrieved from
http://news.walgreens.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=1042 [This is a website citation
with a corporate author. If you retrieve information from various pages of this particular
website, you need to cite each web page. However, because the author and the year will
be exactly the same, the lowercase letters, “a,” “b,” etc. need to be added to the year. The
in-text citation would be: (Walgreens, 2010a).]
Walgreens. (2010b). Our past. Retrieved from
http://www.walgreens.com/marketing/about/history/default.html
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