Name _________________________________ I.D. Number _______________________ Unit 3 Evaluation Evaluation 3 Physical and Earth Sciences 2 (SCIH 022 059) This evaluation will cover the lessons in this unit. It is open book, meaning you can use your textbook, syllabus, and other course materials. You will need to understand, analyze, and apply the information you have learned in order to answer the questions correctly. To submit the evaluation, follow the directions provided. Multiple-Choice Select the response that best completes the statement or answers the question. _____ 1. Which of the following is not a good example of a solute and solvent in solution? a. a solution of a liter of water and a gram of salt b. a solution of a gram of silver and a milligram of copper c. a solution of a liter of cold water and a liter of hot water _____ 2. Michelle wants to quickly dissolve powdered drink mix in a pitcher of water. All of the following are ways in which she could increases the rate of dissolution except a. heating the mixture. b. stirring the mixture. c. adding more powdered drink mix. _____ 3. Information about the amount of salt that will dissolve in a liter of water at 20 degrees Celsius would most likely be found in which kind of table? a. solubility b. polarity c. temperature _____ 4. Jan added salt to a beaker of water until she could still see salt crystals, even after stirring. This type of solution is called a. an unsaturated solution. b. a saturated solution. c. a supersaturated solution. _____ 5. Which of the following is not a solution? a. a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon b. a necklace made of copper and gold c. a liter of mercury Unit 3 Evaluation 213 SCIH 022 _____ 6. Which of these best describes the process of ionization? a. Molecules dissolve in water and form charged particles. b. Water mixes with oil to form nonpolar solutes. c. Positive and negative ions mix with a solved to form a solution. _____ 7. Water is called the universal solvent. Which of these statements about water is false? a. water is a polar substance b. water is a nonpolar substance c. pure water is a nonelectrolyte _____ 8. A student mixes a solution of sodium chloride and water. She finds that the solution conducts electricity. This means that sodium chloride must be a. a nonpolar substance. b. an electrolyte. c. a solvent. _____ 9. Which of the following terms is used to describe a solution that results when both the solute and solvent are solids? a. alloy b. aqueous solution c. surface solution _____ 10. Which of the following is not true for a solution? a. Solutions are homogeneous. b. The density at the top of the solution is the same as at the bottom. c. When two substances combine to form a solution, the dissolving always occurs at the same rate. _____ 11. Since dissolving depends on collisions between the solute and solvent, increasing the surface area of a solute can increase the collisions between the solute and solvent. If a cube of sugar has the dimensions of 2 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm, how much surface area does it have? a. 2 cm3 b. 8 cm2 c. 24 cm2 _____ 12. If a sugar cube with the dimensions of 2 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm is cut down the middle to form two rectangular solids (as illustrated in the Applying Math section on page 651 in your textbook) how much new surface area is created? a. 4 cm2 b. 8 cm2 c. 16 cm2 Unit 3 Evaluation 214 SCIH 022 _____ 13. Which of the following is not one of the drawbacks of nonpolar solvents? a. Many nonpolar solvents are flammable. b. Some nonpolar solvents are toxic and hazardous if inhaled. c. Nonpolar solvents are used to dissolve oils. _____ 14. Use the graph in Figure 9 on page 655 of your textbook to determine the solubility of potassium nitrate at 50°C (how many grams would be dissolved in 100 g of water). a. 120 grams b. 40 grams c. 80 grams _____ 15. Which of the following is not an acid? a. Mg(OH)2 b. H2C6H6O6 c. H2SO4 _____ 16. Solution A has HCl dissolved with a pH value of 5. Solution B also has HCl dissolved, but has a pH value of 4. Which of the following makes a valid comparison of the two solutions? a. Solution A is more acidic than solution B. b. Solution B contains twice as much HCl as solution A. c. Solution B contains ten times more HCl than solution A. _____ 17. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is the weak acid found in vinegar. Which of the following statements is not true about this acid? a. It can produce H3O+ in water solutions. b. Most solutions of acetic acid will have pH values above 7. c. Equations that show the reaction of acetic acid in water will have both a forward and a reverse arrow. _____ 18. Which of the following instruments could tell you how acidic a sample of stream water is? a. anemometer b. oscilloscope c. pH meter _____ 19. According to the pH scale, which of the following pH measurements is basic? a. 7.0 b. 9.5 c. 1.2 Unit 3 Evaluation 215 SCIH 022 _____ 20. An aqueous solution of which of the following compounds will change universal indicator paper to red? a. HCl b. NaCl c. NaOH _____ 21. Lye, a substance used in making soap, has a pH of 13. A substance with a pH of 13 is best described as a. acidic. b. basic. c. neutral. _____ 22. An unknown substance in solution is slippery to the touch, dissolves easily in water, and makes red litmus paper turn blue. The substance is most likely a. an acid. b. a base. c. a salt. _____ 23. At the instant of neutralization, what is in the beaker besides water? a. acid only b. base only c. salt only _____ 24. Which item is a solution of hydrochloric acid and water? a. vitamin C b. stomach acid c. vinegar _____ 25. A change in what property permits certain materials to act as indicators? a. acidity b. color c. concentrations _____ 26. What is the pH of pure water at 25°C? a. 5.2 b. 7 c. 14 _____ 27. Which of the following is not a solution? a. mud in a water tank b. glass of flat soda c. air in a scuba tank Unit 3 Evaluation 216 SCIH 022 _____ 28. What can a polar solvent dissolve? a. any solute b. a polar solute c. a nonpolar solute _____ 29. Which of the following is the best definition of an organic compound? a. most compounds containing the element carbon b. a compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms c. compounds that have the same chemical formulas but different molecular structures _____ 30. Proteins have all the following characteristics except that they are a. inorganic compounds. b. able to fold into different shapes. c. found in hemoglobin. _____ 31. Mixing alcohols and organic acids will form a. water and salt. b. water and an ester. c. a foul smelling thiol. _____ 32. A substituted hydrocarbon has one or more of its _________ atoms replaced by atoms, or groups of atoms of other elements. a. carbon b. hydrogen c. oxygen _____ 33. There are over four million organic compounds. The element carbon forms so many compounds because a. it is easy for carbon to gain four electrons. b. carbon atoms readily form ionic bonds with other carbon atoms. c. carbon atoms readily form four covalent bonds with other atoms. _____ 34. Butane and isobutane are isomers. Isomers are compounds with a. identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures. b. identical molecular structures but different chemical formulas. c. identical chemical formulas and molecular structures. _____ 35. There are so many different kinds of organic materials because carbon a. is a very light element. b. has a low melting point. c. forms many types of bonds. Unit 3 Evaluation 217 SCIH 022 _____ 36. Sugars and starches are part of the group of organic compounds called a. lipids. b. carbohydrates. c. amino acids. _____ 37. Which crude oil fractions are collected at the bottom of a fractionating tower? a. high boiling point, many carbon atoms b. low boiling point, few carbon atoms c. high boiling point, few carbon atoms _____ 38. Small molecules from petroleum that can combine with themselves repeatedly to form long chains are a. monomers. b. polymers. c. polystyrenes. _____ 39. Which name would be used for a straight-chained hydrocarbon containing 2 carbon atoms? a. methane b. ethane c. butane _____ 40. An alloy is a mixture of one or more elements with what kind of properties? a. plastic b. ceramic c. metallic _____ 41. Most ceramics have all the following properties except a. the ability to withstand high temperatures. b. brittleness. c. malleability. _____ 42. Plastics are usually made of what kind of materials? a. polymers b. ceramics c. alloys _____ 43. Many modern materials are combination of other materials. What does doping do? a. It changes the electrical conductivity of a metalloid. b. It changes the malleability of polymers. c. It changes the hardness of alloys. Unit 3 Evaluation 218 SCIH 022 _____ 44. Synthetic polymers are usually made from a. hydrocarbons found in fossil fuels. b. chemically treated natural fibers. c. composites such as fiberglass. _____ 45. Joe needs to classify a substance. Through experimentation, he finds that the material is lustrous, malleable, and conducts electricity. Joe therefore identifies the substance as a a. polymer. b. ceramic. c. metallic alloy. _____ 46. What property allows brass to be shaped into a musical instrument? a. ductility b. luster c. malleability _____ 47. Which property of metals and alloys makes a French horn appear shiny? a. conductivity b. luster c. malleability _____ 48. Which group of materials is not classified as synthetic? a. ceramics b. metal ores c. composites _____ 49. What class of materials is made from clay, silica, and feldspar? a. hydrocarbons b. fiberglass c. ceramics _____ 50. Ceramics are not generally used for making a. fireproof clothing. b. crystal glassware. c. tooth replacements. Carefully check your answers on this evaluation and make any corrections you feel are necessary. When you are satisfied that you have answered the questions to the best of your ability, transfer your answers to an answer sheet. Please refer to the information sheet that came with your course materials. Unit 3 Evaluation 219 SCIH 022
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