The iPhone and the U.S. as its Biggest Beneficiary, writing homework help

User Generated

Puneyvrpura

Writing

Description

you can see essay and details in attached file

Unformatted Attachment Preview

Running head: THE IPHONE 1 The iPhone and the U.S. as its Biggest Beneficiary Xinyu Zhou Professor Bertaina THE IPHONE 2 The iPhone and the U.S. as its Biggest Beneficiary Introduction Previous literature on technology use and acceptance had emphasized on functional factors as the determinants of decisions regarding adoption and the use of technologies. This position assumes that customer’s desire to use a particular technology is based functional needs. However, the introduction of the mobile communication technology of the iPhone by Apple Inc. suggests that consumers adopt and use new innovative not just for functional purposes but for the experience as well (Arruda-Filho, Cabusas & Dholakia, 2010). Apple’s iPhone is a revolutionary mobile device that offers integrated products and services. It is a handheld computer-cum-phone with many functionalities. It opened up new possibilities to combine functional tasks and social appearance that helped the company generate billions of dollars in sales. Apple, as a result, became one of the biggest companies in United States history. With so much money generated by the iPhone, there has been a significant interest as to where all the money goes and who benefits from it. This essay argues that even though the most of the components of the product are manufactured and assembled in China, the United States economy benefits the most from the value created by the Apple iPhone. A Brief History of the iPhone The iPhone is arguably the world’s most iconic device. It is not a very old device, ironically. The first iPhone was introduced in 2007 by the late Steve Jobs of Apple at the MacWorld Convention. Jobs had, in 2003, requested Apple’s engineers to look into the use of touchscreen devices and the tablet computer, which would later become the iPad. The iPhone is similar to the Newton MessagePad, an almost all-screen mobile device manufactured by Apple in the 1990s. In 2003, Jobs had voiced his belief that traditional computers and tablet PCs were not the best choices for Apple to manufacture. Instead, he believed that mobile THE IPHONE 3 phones were going to become very important tools for accessing information anywhere, and that cell phones needed to have very good synchronization software. Jobs and Apple focused on the iTunes synchronization software and the iPod. They collaborated with Motorola and released the ROKE E1, which was the cell phone to use the software. However, Jobs was not excited with this device as he felt it prevented Apple from making the phone it wanted to make. Regardless, the experience gave Jobs a new product concept they would name iPhone which was made up of a multimedia (iTunes) plus smartphone. Jobs unveiled the product in 2007 stating that Apple had been developing the technology for almost three years, and it represented the leading technology for its time. The gadget could be controlled by touch rather than physical buttons. Jobs told the convention that the iPhone would “reinvent the phone” (Grossman, 2007). And it has, in the decade that has passed since its launch, Apple has introduced several new models that have changed the world in the financial, technical, and cultural aspects. How the U.S. Benefits from the iPhone Introduction The iconic brand of the iPhone could be as uniquely American as a bottle of coke, apple pie, or hamburgers. But a closer look at how the product is made, and its supply chain, would make one wonder whether it is in fact as uniquely American as any of these things. We are all aware of the fact that even though this smartphone is made in America, it has products that are made elsewhere. It may contain components that may come from Samsung, LG, or Sharp. This is how the economics of the smartphone is: it is based on the principle that an enemy is a friend for your sake. Apple makes a lot of money as it is one of the biggest public companies in the United Sates and the world. Apple was ranked the fourth biggest U.S. companies in 2016 by Forbes Magazine, and it made $233 billion in sales in 2016 alone (Schaefer, 2016). In this regard, Apple Inc. makes a lot of money from its iPhone device. THE IPHONE 4 This part analyzes the distribution of the wealth from the global supply chains of the iPhone and finds that even though the most of the components of the product are manufactured and assembled in China, the United States benefits the most from the technology. Design and Development The iPhone is essentially an American product because its design and engineering were as result of the skill and genius of technology designers and developers at Apple’s headquarters in Cupertino, California. The device’s brain – the A6 chip – is made by a semiconductor company in the United States, probably by an Intel or IBM plant or even a Samsung subsidiary in Austin, Texas. Moreover, the software that is used in the device, i.e. the IOS operating system is designed in the United States. The company built a $500 million data center in North Carolina. This shows that the core design aspects of the iPhone are designed in the United States. Other parts of the phone’s design are also done in America. The radio frequency aspect is provided by a company known as Triquint that is based in Ohio. The audio chip is manufactured by a company based in Texas called Cirrus Logic. Furthermore, the controller chips are designed and manufactured by the Californian firm PMC-Sierra and Broadcom Corp. Moreover, the glass is manufactured and developed by a Corning factored in Kentucky, even though a large part of the process has been given to the company’s factories in Taiwan and Japan. Clearly, the more specialized elements and design of the smartphone are American. Marketing, Applications, and Customer Service Aside from the technical specifications, the iPhone also gives other important economies that it creates to firms in the United States. The marketing part, which is a large part of the process, is handled by the firm TBWA which operates in New York and Los Angeles. The applications and games used in the iPhone are also provided by American THE IPHONE 5 software companies. These applications bring a large share of the profits associated with the device, and they go to Apple and other American companies. Additionally, Apple retains a U.S. customer call center in Indiana which coordinates the customer assistance issues. Share of the Profits The United States economy takes the largest share of the profits derived from the sales of the iPhone. An article called “Capturing Value in Global Networks: Apple’s iPad and iPhone” by Kraemer, Linden & Dedrick sought to analyze the distribution of money and value from the Apple’s iPhone. The authors found that Apple and the U.S. economy continue to capture the biggest share of the technology. The article states that “the primary benefits go to the U.S. economy as Apple continues to keep most of its product design, software development, product management, marketing and other high-wage functions in the U.S” (Kraemer, Linden & Dedrick, 2011). In this regard, the authors contend that Apple has control of its supply chain which gives it the power to control its suppliers. In fact, the distribution of the profits from the iPhone indicates that 58.5 percent goes to Apple and 2.4 percent of the profits go to other companies in the United States. The U.S economy, in this regard, is the largest beneficiary of the iPhone technology. The Role of China Despite the iPhone being assembled in China, the Chinese economy gains little from the innovation. According to the MIT Technology Review, there has been a lot of calls by Americans to get Apple to relocate the manufacturing of its products back to the U.S. so as to create jobs for Americans. Presidential candidate Donald Trump had suggested last summer that he will “get Apple to start making their computers and their iPhones on our land, not in China” (Kakaes, 2016). This issue had, therefore, been a political argument both in the US and the UK because the idea is that both countries would become wealthier if they were to do more manufacturing. However, this may not be the case. THE IPHONE 6 Despite the phone being assembled in China, the value of the labor provided by Chinese workers is very little. The Kraemer et al. article stated that the labor accounts for only 2 percent of the machine, while the US economy makes 60 percent. According to Worstall (2011), the reason for this situation is that “basic manufacturing, electronics assembly type manufacturing, simply isn't a high-value occupation anymore.” The wages paid for any particular work depend on the value that work adds. Electronics assembly seems to add little value, so there may not be high wages for those that are doing the tasks as it is not a high-value job. Negative Impact of the iPhone Fear of Separation Despite the fanfare and excitement surrounding the iPhone, it has some significant negative effects such as the fear of separation. What happens when we are not able to answer our ringing phones because we are unable to? According to a study by Clayton et al., being without your iPhone may cause negative psychological and physical results. The study examined the behavior of iPhone users who were asked to complete word puzzles. It found that when the iPhone users were not able to answer their ringing devices, they experienced increased blood pressure and heart rate, anxiety, unpleasantness, and decreased cognition. The findings of this study indicate that iPhone separation or the inability to respond to one’s ringing phone causes negative physical and psychological effects. Bad Posture and Mood The iPhone, like all other smartphones, are ruining our posture. It is normal to notice many people hunched over the iPhones in public places, indicating that technology has changed out lives in so many ways, including how we hold ourselves. According to an article in The New York Times, “When we bend our necks forward 60 degrees, as we do to use our phones, the effective stress on our neck increases to 60 pounds — the weight of about five THE IPHONE 7 gallons of paint” (Lahan, 2015). Our posture can affect our psychological health. When we are scared or sad or depressed, we have a hunched posture. Moreover, posture does not just reveal our emotional state; it may also cause them. People who slouch, for instance, have lower self-esteem and greater fear. They are more likely to say negative things. Sitting upright, though it may seem a simple behavior, can help us build resistance to stress. It is ironical that people spend so many hours busy on their phones to increase their productivity, but spending even some short periods of time with these gadgets reduces our sharpness and our productivity. Impact on Social Interactions The presence of iPhones and other mobile devices can have a negative quality on face-to-face social interactions. A study in the journal Environment and Behavior sought to investigate the relationship between the presence of iPhones during interactions and the quality of those social interactions. Misra, Genevie, and Miao examined 100 pairs of persons who had an existing relationship who were asked to discuss anything for ten minutes at a coffee shop. The authors noted whether an iPhone was placed on the table or used during the conversation. The study found that conversations with no phones involved were relatively better than those who had phones present. According to Misra et al. (2016), those individuals with no mobile phones reported a higher level of empathy for their partner, while those with phones reported lower levels of empathy. This study shows that the mere presence of iPhones and other smartphones can divide our attention between the immediate setting and the virtual networks. Conclusion Apple’s iPhone is a revolutionary mobile device that offers integrated products and services. It is a handheld computer-cum-phone with many functionalities. It opened up new possibilities to combine functional tasks and social appearance that helped the company THE IPHONE 8 generate billions of dollars in sales. Apple, as a result, became one of the biggest company in United States history. With so much money generated by the iPhone, there has been a significant interest as to where all the money goes and who benefits from it. If one were to look at how the product is made, and its supply chain, one wonders whether it is in fact as uniquely American as the apple pie. The reason is that the device has components that are designed and manufactured in countries such as the U.S., China, Japan, Taiwan, and Europe. However, the biggest beneficiary of this technology is Apple and the U.S. economy as the key parts of the supply chain, such as design, marketing, and application development, are all done in the U.S. Even though the iPhone is assembled in China, the Chinese economy gains little from the innovation. The iPhone, despite its benefits, has some negative impact on people such as fear of separation, bad posture, and reduced quality of social interactions. THE IPHONE 9 References Arruda-Filho, E. J., Cabusas, J. A., & Dholakia, N. (2010). Social behavior and brand devotion among iPhone innovators. International Journal of Information Management, 30(6), 475-480. Clayton, R. B., Leshner, G., & Almond, A. (2015). The extended iSelf: The impact of iPhone separation on cognition, emotion, and physiology. Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication, 20(2), 119-135. Grossman, L. (2007, January 12). The Apple of your ear. Time. Retrieved from http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1576854,00.html Kakaes, K. (2016, June 9). The all-American iPhone. MIT Technology Review p. 1. Retrieved from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/601491/the-all-american-iphone/ Lahan, T. (2015, December 12). Your iPhone is ruining your posture — and your mood. The New York Times, p. 1. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/13/opinion/sunday/your-iphone-is-ruining-yourposture-and-your-mood.html Misra, S., Cheng, L., Genevie, J., & Yuan, M. (2016). The iPhone effect: the quality of inperson social interactions in the presence of mobile devices. Environment and Behavior, 48(2), 275-298. Schaefer, S. (2016, May 25). The largest U.S. companies 2016: Berkshire, banks And Apple. Forbes, p. 1. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/steveschaefer/2016/05/25/the-largest-u-s-companies2016-berkshire-banks-and-apple/#73741ae61958 Worstall, T. (2011, December 24). China makes almost nothing out of Apple's iPads and THE IPHONE iPhones. Forbes, p. 1. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2011/12/24/china-makes-almost-nothingout-of-apples-ipads-and-i/#1413265b60b4 10 The iPhone and the U.S. as its Biggest Beneficiary – Outline Thesis statement: Even though the most of the components of the product are manufactured and assembled in China, the United States economy benefits the most from the value created by the Apple iPhone. I. Introduction II. A Brief History of the iPhone III. How the U.S. Benefits from the iPhone A. Introduction B. Design and Development C. Marketing D. Applications E. Customer Service F. Share of the Profits G. The Role of China IV. Negative Impact of the iPhone A. Fear of Separation B. Bad Posture and Mood C. Impact on Social Interactions V. Conclusion I wanted to make sure you will still be submitting a revised edition of essay one that balances your voice with the voice of your sources more effectively and with proper citations. Remember, I'd rather have more of your voice than that of the source. This is an argumentative writing class, which means that part of your voice should be in the paper. Here are professor’s advice. You can revise on that way.
Purchase answer to see full attachment
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

Here are some of the changes I made:the format has been changed to MLA.The research has been changed to more of the authors thoughts and proper MLA citations have been used where quotations have been used.Quotations has been embraced in places where paraphrasing was the case in the paper. please view it and let me know if you need anything changed further. Thanks!

Zhou 1
Xinyu Zhou
Professor Bertaina
Course name
10/4/2017

The iPhone and the U.S. as its Biggest Beneficiary
Currently, I see everyone with an Apple iPhone every time they pull out their
communication gadgets. In the US, the product is a favourite for many people. A friend told
me that she prefers apple because it is classy, presentable, very durable, light, and has reliable
connectivity. This statistic shows global sales of the Apple iPhone between 2007 and 2016. In
the 2011 fiscal year, Apple sold 72 million iPhones, which brought the total number of units
shipped to 140 million (as of September 2011). In the 2011 fiscal year, iPhone
revenue amounted to 47 billion U.S. dollars, representing more than 40 percent of Apple's
total revenue (Statista, 2017). Back in 2015, it was clear that the Japan was the country that
bought the largest number of iPhones. However, Australia and the US trailed closely. This
means that the US uses the iPhone in their communication a little bit lesser than Japan and
maybe Australia. Even though the most of the components of the product are manufactured
and assembled in China, the United States economy benefits the most from the value created
by the Apple iPhone.
A Brief History of the iPhone
Apple Incorporated is a US based company. As we all know, Apple began as Apple
computer, with the genius development of product and marketing from the two founders;
Steve and Steve. Steve Jobs gave a presentation before the launch of Apple. He said: “iPhone
is a revolutionary and magical product that is literally five years ahead of any other mobile phone.
We are all born with the ultimate pointing device—our fingers—and iPhone uses them to create

Zhou 2
the most revolutionary user interface since the mouse” (Jobs). iMore website also says that the
new iPhone lacked some compatibility features such as CDMA and EVDO network compatibility,
a weakness that made it run on two U.S. national networks only (Richie).
Currently, iPhone 7 has made great sales. The revolution has increased the company’s
revenue. I researched and noted that iPhones only compete with Samsung android phones. I am
more astonished by the fact that Samsung does not beat iPhones by a big margin. Iphones had only
6 brands in the year 2015, and was competing with Samsung, a company that was considering the
sales of over 150...


Anonymous
Great study resource, helped me a lot.

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Related Tags