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Assignment 7 You have been asked to compare 4 styles of father’s parenting style with an anxiety score (GAD7). Determine if there is a relationship between the variables (Questions 1 – 6). Report Anxiety Score How you were fathered (Father's parenting style)? Mean Std. Deviation N Authoritarian 6.86 5.203 83 Authoritative 5.46 4.762 138 Permissive 5.49 4.163 75 Uninvolved 5.61 3.610 49 Total 5.83 4.623 345 1. What are the assumptions and conditions for this problem? a. b. c. d. e. Unbiased sampling, normality, and equal variances Biased samples, normality, and no expected value < 1 Unbiased sample and no expected value < 1 No more than 20% of the expected values < 5 All of the above 2. Were any assumptions violated? a. b. c. d. e. No, all assumptions were met Yes, assumption of normality (see outliers in boxplot) Yes, assumption of equal variances (see standard deviations) Yes, see sample sizes None of the above 3. What is the p-value for the One-way ANOVA (F-test)? a. b. c. d. e. 1.832 .141 .182 .386 .810 4. Were the results statistically significant and what is your decision? a. b. c. d. e. Yes, Reject Ho Yes, Fail to reject Ho No, Fail to reject Ho No, Reject Ho Both ‘a’ and ‘d’ 1 Assignment 7 ANOVA Anxiety Score Sum of Squares Between Groups df Mean Square 116.602 3 38.867 Within Groups 7234.963 341 21.217 Total 7351.565 344 F 1.832 5. How would you write the overall results for the above statistics? a. b. c. d. e. F(3,341) = 1.83, p = .141 F(3,344) = 38.87, p = .141 F(344) = 1.83, p = 141 F(3,341) = 1.83, p < .05 None of the above 2 Sig. .141 Assignment 7 6. Is the follow-up analysis below this question appropriate? a. b. c. d. e. Yes, because Ho was rejected No, because Ho was rejected Yes, because we failed to reject Ho No, because we failed to reject Ho Both ‘a’ and ‘b’ Multiple Comparisons Dependent Variable: Anxiety Score Bonferroni 95% Confidence Interval Mean (I) How you were fathered (J) How you were fathered Difference (I- Std. (Father's parenting style)? (Father's parenting style)? J) Error Authoritarian Authoritative 1.392 .640 .182 -.31 3.09 Permissive 1.362 .734 .386 -.59 3.31 Uninvolved 1.243 .830 .810 -.96 3.45 -1.392 .640 .182 -3.09 .31 Authoritative Permissive Authoritarian Upper Bound Bound Permissive -.030 .661 1.000 -1.78 1.72 Uninvolved -.148 .766 1.000 -2.18 1.88 .734 .386 -3.31 .59 Authoritarian -1.362 Authoritative .030 .661 1.000 -1.72 1.78 -.119 .846 1.000 -2.36 2.13 .830 .810 -3.45 .96 Uninvolved Uninvolved Sig. Lower Authoritarian -1.243 Authoritative .148 .766 1.000 -1.88 2.18 Permissive .119 .846 1.000 -2.13 2.36 You have also been asked to see if a relationship exists between first adult attachment style and anxiety scores. Use tables and graphs below for questions 7 – 15. 7. Check to see if the assumptions of normality have been violated. Is there a violation? a. b. c. d. e. Yes, see the outliers in the boxplots below No, see the outliers in the boxplots below Yes, because the samples sizes total more than 40 No, because the sample sizes total more than 40 Both ‘a’ and ‘b’ 3 Assignment 7 Report Anxiety Score First Adult Attachment Style (a "1" is put next to the description) Mean Std. Deviation N Dismissing Avoidant 5.59 4.463 100 Preoccupied 6.70 4.735 40 Fearful Avoidant 7.80 5.084 108 Secure 4.62 4.047 125 Total 6.02 4.714 373 8. Was there a violation for equal variances? a. b. c. d. e. Yes, because the largest SD is more than twice the size of the smallest SD No, because the largest SD is less than twice the size of the smallest SD Yes, because the largest SD is less than twice the size of the smallest SD No, because the largest SD is more than twice the size of the smallest SD Not enough information 4 Assignment 7 9. What is the appropriate nonparametric test to use if one violates the assumption of normality? a. b. c. d. e. Kruskal-Wallis H test Wilcoxon Rank Sum test Mann-Whitney U test Both ‘b’ and ‘c’ None of the above 10. How would you write the results for this output in terms of the F-statistic? a. b. c. d. e. F(207,20) = 9.999, p = .000 F(3,369) = 10, p < .001 F(207,20) = 10, p < .001 F(3,369) = 9.999, p = .000 F(3,369) = 10, p = .000 11. What is your overall decision? a. b. c. d. e. Reject Ho, at least one adult attachment style is different from one other Fail to reject Ho, at least one adult attachment style is different from one other Reject Ho, no adult attachment style is different from another Fail to reject Ho, no adult attachment style is different from another Both ‘a’ and ‘c’ ANOVA Anxiety Score Sum of Squares Between Groups df Mean Square 621.346 3 207.115 Within Groups 7643.437 369 20.714 Total 8264.783 372 F 9.999 Sig. .000 12. Is it appropriate to do and look at the follow-up analysis (Bonferroni t and Cohen’s d)? a. b. c. d. e. Yes, but only Bonferroni t Yes, but only Cohen’s d No follow-up analysis is necessary Yes, do both Bonferroni t and Cohen’s d None of the above 5 Assignment 7 Multiple Comparisons Dependent Variable: Anxiety Score Bonferroni 95% Confidence Interval (I) First Adult Attachment (J) First Adult Attachment Style (a "1" is put next to the Style (a "1" is put next to the description) description) Dismissing Avoidant Preoccupied -1.110 .851 1.000 -3.37 1.15 Fearful Avoidant -2.206* .632 .003 -3.88 -.53 .966 .611 .687 -.65 2.59 1.110 .851 1.000 -1.15 3.37 -1.096 .842 1.000 -3.33 1.14 Secure Preoccupied Dismissing Avoidant Fearful Avoidant Fearful Avoidant Secure Mean Difference (I- Std. J) Error Sig. Lower Upper Bound Bound Secure 2.076 .827 .075 -.12 4.27 Dismissing Avoidant 2.206* .632 .003 .53 3.88 Preoccupied 1.096 .842 1.000 -1.14 3.33 Secure 3.172* .598 .000 1.59 4.76 -.966 .611 .687 -2.59 .65 Preoccupied -2.076 .827 .075 -4.27 .12 Fearful Avoidant -3.172* .598 .000 -4.76 -1.59 Dismissing Avoidant *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level. 13. Looking at the Bonferroni t table above, what adult attachments styles have a larger mean anxiety score than “Fearful Avoidant”? a. b. c. d. e. Dismissive Avoidant Preoccupied Secure Both ‘a’ and ‘c’ None of the above 14. Looking at the Bonferroni t table above, what adult attachments styles have a smaller mean anxiety score than “Fearful Avoidant”? a. b. c. d. e. Dismissive Avoidant Preoccupied Secure Both ‘a’ and ‘c’ None of the above 6 Assignment 7 15. Is it appropriate to compute Cohen’s d in comparing Secure and Fearful Avoidant? If so, what is Cohen’s d and the effect size? a. b. c. d. e. No, it is not appropriate Yes, it is appropriate, p < .001, d = .70, medium to large effect Yes, it is appropriate, p = .000, d = .70, medium to large effect Yes, it is appropriate, p < .001, d = .22, small effect Yes, it is appropriate, p = .000, d = .22, small effect 7
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