Complete a short university Surveying written coursework - Deformation

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timer Asked: Apr 24th, 2017

Question Description

Coursework for a Surveying unit for Civil Engineering course.


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Student No. Deformation and Beach Monitoring Coursework The total mark for this coursework is 100 and it contributes 40% to the total mark for the unit. The marks available for each question are indicated. Answer all questions in the spaces provided (minimum font size 11pt). Marks are given for the clarity and structure of your answers as well as the technical content. Deformation Monitoring You are responsible for monitoring the condition of an Abbey during construction of a Rapid Transit railway, linking University College to the Shopping centre via the city centre - the central section will run under an Abbey. Clearly there is a need to ensure distortion of the structure due to foundation movement will not result in damage to the structure. You need to consider the usefulness of various surveying methods for carrying out this monitoring. If something were to go wrong with the tunnelling there is potential for large movements and serious damage. If you can detect the building starting to move, you could have the tunnelling halted before damage took place. You might wish to consider other potential sources of deformation to ensure you don’t give a false alarm. For example, a structural analysis has indicated that the maximum likely horizontal deflections of the Abbey due to wind loading and thermal expansion are 2.5 mm and 6.5 mm respectively. Appropriate sketches may be helpful for some answers. For the essay questions the marks are divided as follows: Technical Content Structure and presentation of the answer (i.e. how easy is it to follow your logic?) 75% 25% Deformation Monitoring Tools For each of the following techniques, assess their usefulness in monitoring the movement/deformation of the Abbey, giving a mark from 0 to 4 according to the following criteria: Mark Performance 0 Un-usable 1 Poor performance 2 Reasonable performance 3 Good performance 4 Ideally suited Write the single most important reason for your assessment in the space provided. How METHOD MARK useful?/4 Levelling 3 Theodolite 3 Total stations with prism targets 3 Reflectorless total stations, without prism targets 3 Aerial photogrammetry 3 Close range photogrammetry (e.g. V-Star system) 3 Structure from motion 3 2D Laser Scanner (Lidar) 3 3D Laser Scanner (Lidar) 3 GPS 3 Provide a plan for monitoring the condition of the Abbey during tunnelling works. Include the methods used and why, as well as some details of a suggested measurement programme. You may use figures if they are helpful. ANSWER (your answer must be given in the space provided) MARKS 25 Beach Monitoring You are the Coastal Engineer for a Council. Over the past few winters a 180m long section of the beach bounded by two wooden groynes at Southbourne has been experiencing serious erosion problems in response to major storms (Figure 1). This part of the beach is very popular with tourists as it is directly in front of the “Fisherman’s Wharf Cliff Lift”, a funicular which runs up and down the cliff during the summer between a lower and upper building which looks over the beach from an elevation of 40 m AOD (Figure 2). At low tide the beach is typically 60 m wide. The beach is patrolled daily by council lifeguards who have access to a quad bike. To assess the vulnerability of the beach and investigate how the sand volume changes with changing wave conditions (i.e. storms and calm conditions) you must measure the beach topography on a regular basis for 24 months. Recommend a suitable approach under 2 scenarios detailed on the next page. When selecting a method, bear in mind that a single wave can change the beach elevation by up to 20 mm, thus the beach is constantly changing by small amounts. Figure 1. Eroding section of beach at Southbourne Figure 2. Fisherman’s Wharf Cliff Lift Recommend a suitable approach for monitoring the section of beach under the scenarios below. Include the methods used and why, as well as some details of a suggested measurement programme. Use figures if appropriate. Answers must be given within the spaces provided. Your budget allows you to buy the most appropriate equipment for the task and you have access to skilled operatives. MARKS 20 You have access to basic surveying equipment (level, tape measures), a small budget of approximately £500 and some willing but untrained volunteers. 25
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