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4.3 Knowledge Check 30 Test in WEEK 4 APR STATUS 1 Knowledge Check: Part A 6 Higher-energy orbit ww-Photon 410 nm 434 nm Lower-energy orbit www 486 nm -WWW 656 nm 23 (a) Electronic emission transition (b) Balmer series transitions http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/4309?e=averill_1.0-ch06_s03 As mentioned in this week's notes on page 4, the electrons of an atom can occupy different energy shells within the atom (similar to how the planets all occupy different orbits around the Sun). Electrons prefer to be in the lowest energy shell possible (the ground state); however, they can gain energy and jump to a higher shell by absorbing light or being exited by an electric current. In accordance with conservation of energy, if an electron drops from a higher energy level to a lower one, this must emit a photon (particle of light) with energy equal to the energy difference of the shells. A Balmer series transition is any transition of an electron from some higher energy shell down to the second lowest energy shell (n=2) in hydrogen. Use the momentum equation for light found in this weeks notes and the wavelengths shown in image (b) above to calculate the momentum of a photon emitted during the Balmer transition from the n=3 shell in hydrogen (remember nm is short for a nanometer, for example 656 nm = 656 x 10-9 meters): 5 Points O 1.0 x 10^(-27) kg. m/s O 1.8 x 10^(-27) kg. m/s 2.0 x 10^-27) kg. m/s O 3.0 x 10^(-27) kg.m/s N Use the equation from week 3: frequency wavespeed wavelength and the image above to calculate the frequency of a photon emitted during this Balmer transition. Remember the speed of light is 3 x 108 m/s. 5 Points O 7.6 10^14 Hz O 6.0 x 10^14 Hz 4.6 x 10^14 Hz 3 Use your answer from #2, and Plank's constant (6.63 x 10-34 J • s) to find the approximate energy of this photon: 5 Points 4.8 x 10^-19) Joules 3.0 x 10^-19) Joules 3.0 x 10^(-17) Joules O 1.21 Gigawatts 4 V B G Narrow slit Thin ribbon of light Screen of photographic plate Lens Prism Tube containing excited H, gas (b) (a) http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/4309?e=averill_1.0-ch06_s03 A glass tube is filled with hydrogen gas. An electric current is passed through the tube, and the tube begins to glow a pinkish/purple color (this is how fluorescent bulbs and neon signs produce light). If you were to pass this pink light through a prism to separate the individual light frequencies, you would see that this pink light is composed of four distinct colors: violet, green, blue, and red. Notice the similarity between image (b) above and image (b) from question 1. Which is the best description of why this occurs? 5 Points The electrons within the hydrogen atoms gain energy from the current causing them to jump to higher energy orbitals. When they fall back to a lower energy orbital they release a single photon. These photons have discrete energies equal in to the difference in energy of the two orbitals. Atoms contain continuous energy orbitals, meaning that the light the hydrogen atoms produce can be of any energy. Depending on the type of prism used, when the light reaches it, the prism will only allow specific light energies (frequencies) to pass through. As Max Planck explained, the emission of light from any atom has energies of some constant times the frequency of the light: E = hf. Thus, the light spectrum from any source contains all colors (frequencies) because the Planck constant, h, is so small. O Because Chuck Norris said so. 5 The lights used by Mark Watley (played by Matt Damon) during the film The Martian seem to be Metal Halide lamps. Metal Halide lamps are filled with vaporized mercury and metal-halogen compounds. When an electric current is passed through the lamp, the tube begins to glow a bright white/blue color.If you were to pass this light through a prism to separate the individual light frequencies, you would see a rainbow just as you would if using natural sunlight because of the complexity of the metal halide gas and the vast amount of possible electron transitions possible. (The study of light in this way is known as spectroscopy and allows astronomers to know exactly what atoms compose distant stars, simply by looking at the light they emit. The spectral lines an atom produce uniquely identifies that atom just like a fingerprint uniquely identifies a person.) The momentum equation and energy equation that we have used above can be combined to give the following equation: E C =- P where again p is the phonon momentum, E is the photon energy and c is the speed of light. When you divide the phonon energy found in #3 by the phonon momentum found in #1, do you get the speed of light? (If not, check your work for questions #1 through #3). 5 Points Yes ОО O No 6 The solar panels used by Mark function because of the photoelectric effect. At night on Mars, no light will fall on the solar cells and no electric current will be generated.If we were to illuminate them only with light from the Balmer transition considered above, would the solar panels produce a current? Hint: Note where this light falls on the electromagnetic spectrum and the type of light mentioned in the notes that is typically associated with the photoelectric effect. 5 Points Yes O No 7 Starting with only the Balmer series light, how could we ensure that the solar panels generate a current that Mark can use for his power station? (refer to the electromagnetic spectrum presented in week 3 if needed): 5 Points By gradually increasing the brightness (amount) of the Balmer series light that we shine on it. By gradually increasing the frequency of the light that we shine on it. O By gradually increasing the wavelength of the light that we shine on. 8 Imagine you are riding on a yacht in the ocean and traveling at 20 mph. You then hit a golf ball at 100 mph from the deck of the yacht. You see the ball move away from you at 100mph, while a person standing on a near by beach would observe your golf ball traveling at 120 mph (20 mph + 100 mph). Now imagine you are aboard the Hermes spacecraft traveling at 0.1c (1/10 the speed of light) past Mars and shine a laser from the front of the ship. You would see the light traveling at c(the speed of light) away from your ship. According to Einstein's special relativity, how fast will a person on Mars observe the light to be traveling? 5 Points O 0.1 c (1/10 the speed of light) C(the speed of light) 1.1C (C+0.10) 9 Knowledge Check: Part B Find a picture from a media source (movies, TV, comics, video games, etc.) that takes place in outer space. Place the picture in the following diagram template and cite the image using APA format: Keynote: Week 4DiagramTemplate.key PowerPoint: Week4DiagramTemplate.pptx If you need help learning how to manipulate the template in Keynote checkout this Lynda.com video series. For a different version of Keynote, power point or other software, just search in lynda.com for other great courses. If you are unable to open either of the diagram templates for any reason, please use the image below as a guideline in creating your own diagram in another presentation-based software program. WEEK 4 DIAGRAM TEMPLATE Object that warps spacetime the most Type the name of the object that warps spacetime the most here. Place picture here. Object that warps spacetime the least Type the name of the object that warps spacetime the least here. O Path of object due to gravitational forces Citation: Area where dark matter may be present Insert citation for your image here. Answer the following questions based on the picture chosen and what you have learned this week. Quantum mechanics is: 4 Points the science of the origin, development, and fate of the universe. a branch of science that deals with celestial objects. O a mathematical formalism concerning physical phenomena in atomic scales 10^-9 meters or less. 10 What is the wave-particle duality? 4 Points Wave model applied to radiation (light). Wave and particle models applied to all objects whatever the size. O Particle model applied to macroscopic objects. 11 Why don't we observe wave properties in macroscopic objects? 4 Points Because their particle properties forbid us from observing their wave properties. Because their wavelength is extremely long (undetectable). Because their wavelength is extremely short (undetectable). 12 What is the state of the system? 4 Points O It is defined by the minimum amount of information which is sufficient to determine the conditions of the system. It is defined by any quantity of information used to describe the conditions of the system. It is defined by the maximum amount of information used to determine the conditions of the system. 13 In Classical Physics, the state of the system at a given time is completely determine by: 4 Points The mass and velocity. O Velocity and momentum. O Coordinates and the momentum. 14 In quantum mechanics, the state of the system is specified by: 4 Points The state or wave function. O Coordinates and momentum. Particle's mass and velocity. 15 What is a main sequence star? 4 Points A star more massive than the Sun which energy comes from nuclear fusion reactions. O A star with hydrostatic equilibrium, thermal equilibrium and which main source of energy comes from the nuclear fusion of hydrogen in the core. A star with hydrostatic equilibrium, thermal equilibrium and which main source of energy come from the nuclear fission of hydrogen in the core. 16 What is a white dwarf? 4 Points O A small star that radiates white light. O A star remnant with a core that is extremely hot, dense and small and which eventually stops radiating light as it cools. A star remnant with a low density core, with high (white) luminesce. 17 Neutron stars are: 4 Points O Low density star remnants with many neutrons, which mass is less than the mass of the Sun. Incredibly small remnants of super massive stars where the gravitational collapse is stop by neutron degeneracy. O Incredibly big and massive star remnants which expelled all its neutrons in a supernova explosion. 18 Black holes are: 4 Points Star remnants from super massive stars which gravitational collapse can not be halt by electron or neutron degeneracy and gravity is so strong in their vicinity that nothing, not even light can escape. Regions of the universe with space empty of matter or radiation that becomes so dark that forbids us from investigating it. Regions of space where matters is not sufficiently hot to radiate in the visible spectrum. 19 1. Take a screen shot of your completed Week 4 Diagram using the Command+Shift+4 keyboard shortcut. Please paste it in the comments section for this question. If you need help learning how to manipulate the template in Keynote checkout this video: Register to view this Recording Key Note Instructions.mp4 *required field * First Name * Last Name * Email Address REGISTER © 2017 LogMeIn, Inc. All rights reserved. View the Go To Training Privacy Policy. Safeguarding your email address and training registration information is taken seriously at Go To Training. Go To Training will not sell or rent this information. 20 Points Enter your response
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Just what I was looking for! Super helpful.

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