Earth Science Assignment

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Pyhpvyyr22

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Objective 2: Describe characteristics of the ocean, including movement, topography, life, and effects on the planet.

With over 70 percent of the planet's surface covered by water, most of which is in the world's seas and oceans, the oceans’ most important role is to regulate Earth’s weather and climate. Humans are very interactive with and influenced by the oceans.

According to the United Nations Environment Programme, http://www.unep.org/urban_environment/issues/coast..., “Half the world's population lives within 60 km (37 miles) of the sea, and three-quarters of all large cities are located on the coast.”

The World Bank, http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTSDNET/0,,contentMDK:23168627~pagePK:64885161~piPK:64884432~theSitePK:5929282,00.html, states that about 61% of the GNP for the world is produced within 62 miles of the coast. The oceans are an important food producing source, producing 16% of the protein consumed in the world but overfishing, pollution, and habitat loss have led to degradation of the oceans.

Humans need to be good stewards and manage the ocean resources better to ensure that the oceans are healthy, biodiverse, and productive.

Learning Activity #3: Ocean Exercise

  • Read Chapter 12 in the textbook.
  • Research the characteristics of the ocean, including movement, topography, life, and effects on the planet.
  • Submission Item: Write a short explanation response, addressing the following:
  • Tides (causes and patterns)
  • Landforms
  • Sea level rise (thermal expansion, glacier melt, subsidence)

Objective 3: Illustrate the components of atmosphere, clouds, and precipitation.

”Everybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it.”
Generally attributed to Mark Twain

Why should I care about the weather? Well, for one reason, the weather directly affects your health. (http://www.weather.com/health/news/13-ways-weather-affects-your-health-without-you-knowing-20140613?pageno=2#/1)

When the atmospheric pressure goes down, your blood pressure drops. Many people can feel the change in their sinuses and may suffer from headaches. Other people get joint pains before a storm. On cold, cloudy days, people are more likely to have bad moods; during a cold front the blood gets thicker and diabetics have more trouble controlling their blood sugar. Nationwide for every 1.8 F degree drop in temperature there are 200 more heart attacks. Colds transfer better during cold weather, but it can be harder to breathe in hot, humid weather.

Another reason to care about the weather is that the weather has a very big impact on the local, state, and national economies. When to plant, when to harvest, electricity demands, and costs of storms are all affected by the weather. Mortality rates spike during hot and cold waves. Your health, life, and livelihood depend on the weather.

Learning Activity #4: Weather Exercise

  • Read Chapter 14 in the textbook.
  • Submission Item: Create a visual representation and explanation, or short explanation/response, including the following.

    • Humidity (evaporation, relative humidity and precipitation, and dew points)
    • Types of clouds
    • Winds (Coriolis effect and high/low pressure systems)

    Objective 4: Demonstrate weather patterns in context of forecasting.

    The wind blows to the south and turns to the north; round and round it goes, ever returning on its course.”

    Ecclesiastes 1:6

    The global circulation carries heat from the equator to the poles but it is currently impossible to predict the weather with 100% accuracy, just like in John 3:8, “The wind blows wherever it pleases. You hear its sound, but you cannot tell where it comes from or where it is going…"

    Learning Activity #5: Forecasting Presentation

    o Read Chapter 15 in the textbook.
    -Create an 8-10 slide deck (PowerPoint) outlining the following topics: -Global circulation -Common weather symbols -Air masses -Types of fronts -Thunderstorms -Tornadoes -Hurricanes -El Niño

    -To achieve maximum points for content and analysis, the following elements need to be thoroughly addressed. -Causes -Effects -Measuring

  • Ensure that you have cited and referenced at least two scholarly sources.
  • Ensure that you have a title slide and reference slide, in addition to your 8-10 slides. Any images you use must also be referenced. Be aware of copyright laws! A good source for images is Wikipedia Commons, which provides the source for you.

User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

Hello, attached are the word document and the powerpoint. In case of any issue kindly let me know.Jerry.

Forecasting
Presentation(global
circulation)
Students’ Name
Professor
Subject
Date

Global circulation


Refers to world-wide system of winds by which the necessary transport of heat from
tropical to polar latitudes is accomplished.

Three cells in hemisphere in which air circulates through the entire depth of the
troposphere;


Hadley cell,



Ferrel cell



Polar cell

Three cells in hemisphere


Hadley cell -The largest cells extend from the equator to between 30 and 40 degrees
north and south, and are named Hadley cells, after English meteorologist George
Hadley.



Ferrel cell -In the middle cells, which are known as the Ferrel cells, air converges at
low altitudes to ascend along the boundaries between cool polar air and the warm
subtropical air that generally occurs between 60 and 70 degrees north and south.



Polar cell-The smallest and weakest cells are the Polar cells, which extend from
between 60 and 70 degrees north and south, to the poles

Common weather symbols
The figure on the right shows
various weather symbols which
are commonly used.
“For example, the first row of
weather symbols (from left to
right) identify Light Rain, Light
Snow and Light Drizzle. ”
Source: University of Illinois
(2010).

Air Mass
Refers to is an enormously big body of air. Mass air are always in the movement.
The air mass cause weather changes and this may cause fronts.


Four general classification of air mass

1.

polar latitudes (P) - located poleward of 60 degrees north and south

2.

tropical latitudes (T) - located within about 25 degrees of the equator

3.

continental (c) - located over large land masses--dry

4.

marine (m) - located over the oceans----moist

Mass air is measured in two classes-flow and pressure. Pressure is measured by barometer

Front
Refers to a boundary which divides two masses of air.


Types of fronts.

stationary front –there is no movement by the transition zone in the two air masses.
A cold front –displaces the cold air.
A warm front-Displaces the cool air.
Effects of fronts-forms a violet storm when the warm air collides with cold air.
Pushes the warm air upward.
Measurement-

A thunderstorm
Referred as an electrical storm, lightning storm, or thundershower


Characteristics of storm include ; Lighting Thunderstorms

It is caused by cumulonimbus cloud.


Effects of thunderstorms-

Electrocution.

Shock.
Destruction of environment.


Measurement-It is based on intensity and is based on the wind strength. Usually
meteorologist use lifted index.

A tornado


is a rapidly rotating column of air that spins while in contact with both the surface of
the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud.



Causes-it is caused by sufficient instability and wind shear available in the lower
atmosphere. We can say it is caused by unstable air.



Effects- tornados can cause destruction of towns and uprooting of the big trees.



Most tornadoes have wind speeds less than 110 miles per hour (180 km/h), are about
250 feet (80 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers) before dissipating.



Measurement-tornado is measured by the EF scale,and the standard way is by checking
the damaged caused by the wind.

A hurricane
Refers to a huge storm and it can be up to 600 miles across. Hurricane are caused by the
storms.


Effects-mainly the strong winds which spirals inward and upward at speeds of 75 to
200 mph.



Through contact with ocean warm waters it gathers heat and energy .



Sea water evaporation increase the power of hurricane.



Measurement- Hurricane are measured in miles per hour. Every hurricane typically lasts
for more than a week and moves 10-20 miles in an hour over the open ocean.



Hurricanes rotate in a counter-clockwise direction around an "eye" in the Northern
Hemisphere and clockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere

El Niño
It is usually pronounced as el ˈniɲo in Spanish.
�...


Anonymous
Just the thing I needed, saved me a lot of time.

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