Chapter Five (3517352) Current Score: Question Points 1. 0/35 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/2 0/1 0/2 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/2 0/1 0/2 0/2 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/4 0/1 points Total 0/35 OBInPhys7 5.P.002. [2182673] ­ On a nice winter day at the South Pole, the temperature rises to −45°F. What is the approximate temperature in degrees Celsius? °C 2. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.P.004. [2182672] ­ A lead vat is 19 m long at room temperature (20°C). How much longer is it when it contains boiling water at 1 atm pressure? m 3. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.P.006. [2182696] ­ An aluminum wing on a passenger jet is 36 m long when its temperature is 29°C. At what temperature would the wing be 9 cm (0.09 m) shorter? °C 4. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.P.008. [2182667] ­ Air in a balloon does 39 J of work while absorbing 83 J of heat. What is its change in internal energy? J 5. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.P.010. [2182676] ­ A bottle containing 4 kg of water at a temperature of 15°C is placed in a refrigerator where the temperature is kept at 2°C. How much heat is transferred from the water to cool it to 2°C? J 6. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.P.014. [2182650] A 0.07­kg lead bullet traveling 267 m/s strikes an armor plate and comes to a stop. If all of the bullet's energy is converted to heat that it alone absorbs, what is its temperature change? °C ­ 7. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 5.P.018. [2182669] ­ On a summer day in Houston, the temperature is 30°C and the relative humidity is 42 percent. (a) What is the humidity? kg/m3 (b) To what temperature could the air be cooled before condensation would start to take place? (That is, what is the dew point?) °C 8. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.001. [1981831] ­ What are the three common temperature scales? What are the normal boiling and freezing points of water in each scale? 9. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.002. [1981669] ­ The Fahrenheit and Celsius temperature scales agree at ­40° (­40°C = ­40°F). Do the Fahrenheit and Kelvin temperature scales ever agree? Yes No How about the Celsius and Kelvin scales? 10. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.003. [1981910] ­ OBInPhys7 5.Q.004. [1981664] ­ What is the significance of absolute zero? 11. 0/1 points What happens to the atoms and molecules in a substance as its temperature increases? 12. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.006. [2182655] ­ Air molecules in a warm room (27°C = 300 K) typically have speeds of about 500 m/s (1,100 mph). Why is it that we are unaware of these fast­moving particles continuously colliding with our bodies? The mass of an air molecule is so miniscule that its momentum and kinetic energy are too small to be evident in the collision with a human body. Because the air molecules are everywhere around us they constantly collide with our bodies from all directions. The effect of these collisions tend to cancel out. The size of an air molecule is extremely small, so its momentum and kinetic energy are not efficiently transferred to our bodies when the collisions with a human body occur. The density of the warm air is so low that the air molecules tend to miss our bodies. 13. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.008. [1981551] ­ OBInPhys7 5.Q.011. [2182648] ­ Explain what a bimetallic strip is and how it functions. 14. 0/1 points What is unusual about the behavior of water below the temperature of 4°C? Within the range of 0°C to 4°C the specific heat of water doubles when the temperature decreases, whereas the specific heat of most substances is halved. Within the range of 0°C to 4°C water expands when the temperature decreases, whereas most substances contract. Within the range of 0°C to 4°C water contracts when the temperature decreases, whereas most substances expand. Within the range of 0°C to 4°C the specific heat of water is halved when the temperature decreases, whereas the specific heat of most substances is doubled. 15. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.012. [1981768] A company decides to make a novelty glass thermometer that uses water instead of mercury or alcohol. (a) The thermometer would include a warning informing the user that it should not be exposed to temperatures below 0°C. Why? (b) Suppose the thermometer is taken outside where the temperature is 1°C. Describe how the level of the water would change as it adjusts to the new temperature and how at some point it would behave very differently than a mercury­ or alcohol­filled thermometer. ­ 16. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.013. [1981563] ­ What are the two general ways to increase the internal energy of a substance? Describe an example of each. 17. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.014. [1981676] ­ Air is allowed to escape from an inflated tire. Is the temperature of the escaping air higher than, lower than, or equal to the temperature of the air inside the tire? higher lower equal Why? 18. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.015. [1981593] ­ OBInPhys7 5.Q.016. [1981453] ­ Is it possible to compress air without causing its internal energy to increase? Yes No If so, how? 19. 0/1 points Describe the three methods of heat transfer. Which of these are occurring around you at this moment? 20. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.017. [1981479] ­ OBInPhys7 5.Q.018. [1981465] ­ OBInPhys7 5.Q.019. [1981805] ­ A potato will cook faster in a conventional oven if a large nail is inserted into it. Why? 21. 0/1 points A coin and a piece of glass are both heated to 60°C. Which will feel warmer when you touch it? piece of glass coin 22. 0/1 points A submerged heater is used in an aquarium to keep the water above room temperature. Should it be placed near the surface of the water or near the bottom to be most effective? near bottom near surface 23. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.020. [1981449] ­ OBInPhys7 5.Q.022. [1981472] ­ On a cool night with no wind, people facing a campfire feel a breeze on their backs. Why? 24. 0/1 points When heating water on a stove, a full pan of water takes longer to reach the boiling point than a pan that is half full. Why? 25. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.024. [2191265] In this example, is it really necessary to know the mass of the concrete block to solve this problem? Put another way, would the answer be different if it was a 10­kg block that was dropped instead of a 5­kg one? Yes No ­ 26. 0/4 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.026. [2182660] ­ The specific heat capacity of water is extremely high. If it were much lower, say, one­fifth as large, what effect would this have on processes like fire fighting and cooling automobile engines? It would take ‑‑‑Select‑‑‑ water to put out fires, but if the ‑‑‑Select‑‑‑ were the same, the heat taken from the fire as the water boils would still be responsible for most of the cooling. Water cooled engines would need ‑‑‑Select‑‑‑ cooling systems so that a ‑‑‑Select‑‑‑ of water would flow through the engine each second. 27. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 5.Q.027. [1981767] Why does the temperature of water not change while it is boiling? Assignment Details Name (AID): Chapter Five (3517352) Feedback Settings Submissions Allowed: 5 Before due date Category: Homework Question Score Code: Assignment Score Locked: Yes Publish Essay Scores Author: Murdock, Maajida ( Maajida.Murdock@MORGAN.EDU ) Question Part Score Last Saved: Jan 24, 2016 09:55 PM EST Mark Permission: Protected Add Practice Button Randomization: Person Help/Hints Which graded: Last Response Save Work After due date Question Score Assignment Score Publish Essay Scores Key Question Part Score Solution Mark Add Practice Button Help/Hints Response ­ Chapter Six (3517354) Current Score: Question Points 1. 0/38 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 0/1 0/2 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/3 0/1 0/2 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/2 0/2 0/1 0/1 0/2 0/2 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 points Total 0/38 OBInPhys7 6.P.002. [2182697] ­ The force stretching the D string on a certain guitar is 156 N. The string's linear mass density is 0.006 kg/m. What is the speed of waves on the string? m/s 2. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 6.P.004. [2182657] ­ The coldest and hottest temperatures ever recorded in Cuba are 33.1°F (274 K) and 102°F (312 K), respectively. What is the speed of sound in air at each temperature? m/s at 33.1°F m/s at 102°F 3. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.P.006. [2182668] ­ A 390­Hz sound travels through pure argon. The wavelength of the sound is measured to be 0.82 m. What is the speed of sound in argon? m/s 4. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.P.008. [2182694] ­ What frequency of sound traveling in air at 20°C has a wavelength equal to 1.6 m, the average height of a person? Hz 5. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.P.010. [2182690] ­ OBInPhys7 6.P.014. [2182675] ­ What is the wavelength of 5.7 million Hz ultrasound as it travels through human tissue? mm 6. 0/3 points A 1,720­Hz pure tone is played on a stereo in an open field. A person stands at a point that is 5 m from one of the speakers and 5.6 m from the other. Does the person hear the tone? (Assume the speed of sound is 344 m/s.) Yes No Explain. The path difference of 0.6 m is ‑‑‑Select‑‑‑ times the wavelength of the tone, giving ‑‑‑Select‑‑‑ interference. 7. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.P.018. [2182659] ­ The huge volcanic eruption on the island of Krakatoa, Indonesia, in 1883 was heard on Rodrigues Island, 4,782 km (2,970 miles) away. How long did it take the sound to travel to Rodrigues? (Assume the air temperature is 20°C.) s 8. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 6.P.020. [2182654] ­ A geologist is camped 4,797 m (about 3 miles) from a volcano as it erupts. (a) How much time elapses before the geologist hears the sound from the eruption? (Assume the air temperature is 20°C.) s (b) How much time does it take the seismic waves produced by the eruption to reach the geologist's camp, assuming the waves travel through granite as sound waves do? (Assume the granite temperature is 20°C.) s 9. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.P.021. [2182677] ­ A person stands at a point 215 m in front of the face of a sheer cliff. If the person shouts, how much time will elapse before an echo is heard? (Assume the speed of sound is 344 m/s.) s 10. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.P.022. [2182645] ­ A sound pulse emitted underwater reflects off a school of fish and is detected at the same place 0.06 s later (see the figure below). How far away are the fish? (Assume the water temperature is 20°C.) m 11. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.P.024. [2185266] ­ OBInPhys7 6.Q.002. [1981443] ­ Approximately how many times louder is a 140­dB sound than a 80­dB sound? 12. 0/1 points Give an example of a wave that does not need a medium in which to travel and a wave that does need a medium. 13. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.003. [1981783] ­ OBInPhys7 6.Q.004. [1981548] ­ What is the difference between a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave? Give an example of each. 14. 0/2 points A popular distraction in large crowds at sporting events since the 1980s is the "wave." The people in one section quickly stand up and then sit down; the people in the neighboring sections follow suit in succession, resulting in a visible pattern in the crowd that travels around the stadium. Which of the two types of waves is this? A transverse wave. A longitudinal wave. Compared to the waves described in this chapter, how is the stadium wave different? 15. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.005. [1981905] ­ A long row of people are lined up behind one another at a service window. Joe E. Clumsy stumbles into the back of the person at the end and pushes hard enough to generate a wave in the people waiting. What type of wave is produced? A transverse wave. A longitudinal wave. 16. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.006. [1981785] A person attaches a paper clip to each coil of a Slinky ­ about 90 in all ­ in such a way that waves will still travel on it. What effect, if any, will the paper clips have on the speed of the waves on the Slinky? waves will travel with the same speed waves will travel more slowly waves will travel more quickly ­ 17. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.008. [1981562] ­ OBInPhys7 6.Q.009. [1981895] ­ Does there seem to be a relationship between the speed of sound in a gas and its density? Yes No Explain your answer. 18. 0/2 points If you were actually in a battle fought in space like the ones shown in science fiction movies, would you hear the explosions that occur? Yes No Why or why not? 19. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.010. [1981663] ­ OBInPhys7 6.Q.011. [1981715] ­ Explain what the amplitude, frequency, and wavelength of a wave are. 20. 0/1 points A low­frequency sound is heard, and then a high­frequency sound is heard. Which sound has a longer wavelength? A low­frequency sound. A high­frequency sound. 21. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.013. [1981601] ­ When trying to hear a faint sound from something far away, we sometimes cup a hand behind an ear. Explain why this can help. 22. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.014. [2185265] ­ What useful thing can happen to a wave when it encounters a concave reflecting surface? The wave reflects off the surface and diverges radially outward from the surface. The wave reflects off the surface and appears to be expanding out from a point behind the surface. The wave reflects off the surface and travels in the opposite direction from which it came. The wave reflects off the surface and is focused to a point called the focal point. 23. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.021. [1981518] ­ If a boat is producing a bow wave as it moves over the water, what must be true about its speed? The boat is traveling slower than the waves it is producing. The boat is traveling faster than the waves it is producing. The boat is traveling with the same speed as the waves it is producing. 24. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.024. [1981706] ­ As a loud, low­frequency sound wave travels past a small balloon, the balloon's size is affected. Explain what happens. (The effect is too small to be observed under ordinary circumstances.) 25. 0/1 points Describe the waveforms of pure tones, complex tones, and noise. OBInPhys7 6.Q.025. [1981728] ­ 26. 0/1 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.026. [1981872] ­ OBInPhys7 6.Q.029. [1981610] ­ What is ultrasound, and what is it used for? 27. 0/2 points A special room contains a mixture of oxygen and helium that is breathable. Two musicians play a guitar and a flute in the room. Does each instrument sound different from when it is played in normal air? Same for flute and different for guitar. Same for both. Same for guitar and different for flute. Different for both. Why or why not? 28. 0/2 points OBInPhys7 6.Q.031. [1981592] What are the three categories used to describe our mental perception of a sound? Upon what physical properties of sound waves does each depend? Assignment Details Name (AID): Chapter Six (3517354) Feedback Settings Submissions Allowed: 5 Before due date Category: Homework Question Score Code: Assignment Score Locked: Yes Publish Essay Scores Author: Murdock, Maajida ( Maajida.Murdock@MORGAN.EDU ) Question Part Score Last Saved: Jun 15, 2013 08:06 AM EDT Mark Permission: Protected Add Practice Button Randomization: Person Help/Hints Which graded: Last Response Save Work After due date Question Score Assignment Score Publish Essay Scores Key ­ Question Part Score Solution Mark Add Practice Button Help/Hints Response
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