Biology 101 questions, writing homework help

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obbgun11

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All you do is read the passage (1 page and half i think) and answer the questions on the bottom. Remember, this is BIO 101, so don't make it sound like its for a harder bio class! Also, please try to answer the questions with answers from the passage, not from another source. Thank you!!!!

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You Are Not the Mother of Your Children by Stephen R. Cronin Department of Biology and Chemistry Ave Maria University, Ave Maria, FL Part I – A Distraught Mother “You have to help me keep my children,” she said. “They don’t believe they’re mine.” “The court is threatening to take your children away?” Damian asked. “Yes, they’re my children.” “Is this a divorce? Why is the court trying to take your children?” “No! My boyfriend and I are separated, but he doesn’t want custody. I applied for welfare, and the judge said they’re not my kids.” “Ma’am, are your children adopted?” “No! They’re mine. I’m their mother! I gave birth to them. But the court says DNA proves I’m not their mother.” Damian paused for a moment, then replied. “Your DNA doesn’t match your children?” “The test says it doesn’t, but I am. They keep asking me ‘Who’s their real mother?’ ‘Where did you get them?’ I got them from me. How can I give birth to someone else’s child?” “Did they test you again?” “Yes, but the tests must be wrong. They’re my kids.” “Ma’am, I’m sorry but DNA evidence is very hard to contest in court.” “Every darn lawyer I call says that,” she said with anger in her voice. “I gave birth to them. I’m their mother! The tests must be wrong.” Damian didn’t answer immediately. But for some reason, he decided he could afford to continue the conversation even though challenging DNA evidence did not seem to be a good way to develop his reputation as a successful lawyer, especially if the re-tests gave the same result. Welfare cases generally didn’t help the bottom line either. “Tell me what happened.” Damian reached for his notebook and prepared to listen. Lillian had applied for welfare after separating from her longtime boyfriend, Dwayne. Per state law, the DNA of her two children was compared to Lillian’s DNA and Dwayne’s DNA to establish paternity. The law “You Are Not the Mother of Your Children” by Stephen R. Cronin Page  was intended to prevent money being spent on children whose fathers could pay. Probably no one had ever thought of the test being a maternity test. The tests revealed each child shared roughly half of their DNA markers with their father, which Damian knew was the expected contribution of a father to his children’s DNA. If Damian’s knowledge was correct, the other half of the DNA should be from Lillian. But the children’s DNA did not match Lillian’s. According to Lillian, the tests showed that about a quarter of each child’s DNA matched her DNA. She said welfare people kept asking here if they were her sister’s children, or her daughter’s, but she didn’t have a sister and being only  she couldn’t understand why the welfare agent thought she could be the kids’ grandmother. They also asked whether she had undergone in vitro fertilization (IVF), or had acted as a surrogate mother for someone else. Lillian denied being a surrogate mother. According to Lillian, she and Dwayne had conceived the children (now  and  years old), and she had given birth to them as normal. She had the birth certificates to prove it. Damian needed to talk to someone about the biology of reproduction, and see if there was any way a child could not get his mother’s DNA. First he needed to refresh his understanding of how DNA was normally transmitted from mother to child. Questions . Why must a mother’s DNA match that of her biological children? Why would Damian expect half of the children’s DNA to come from their mother? Why not  of it? Or  of the DNA? . What is the process by which DNA is transmitted to offspring? How does only half of the genetic material of the parent get transmitted to the child? . The welfare people asked Lillian a number of questions about where she got the children from. From their questions, it is clear they had formed several hypotheses as to why Lillian’s DNA did not match the DNA of her children. a. From the questions the welfare people asked, try to discern their hypotheses. List the hypotheses put forward as to how the children had DNA that did not match with Lillian’s DNA. b. For each hypothesis, how much of the DNA would you expect the children to share with Lillian? For instance, how much genetic material should an aunt expect to share with her nephews and nieces? c. What hypotheses seem most likely to you? Least likely? d. What other evidence would you need to support each hypothesis? . Do you think Lillian is telling the truth? Why or why not? Does the evidence support her claim? “You Are Not the Mother of Your Children” by Stephen R. Cronin Page 
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Explanation & Answer

hey there. find the attached answers to your questions..it was nice working with you.

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DNA Tests.
Maternity tests conducted in the past have proven that each child shares roughly half of their

DNA markers with their father. With this information, it is very clear that the other half of the DNA
should be from the mother because the DNA strands are contributed by both the father and the mother to
the offspring. It is impossible for one parent to contribute 30% or 70% of the DNA because only one cell
from each parent i...


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