1 Eng 101 03/08/2017 Do Students Have Attended College To Be Successful? Some people argue that you do not have to go to college to be successful, but joining college presents opportunities which are limited to those who do not get an advanced education. Being able to make earnings after graduation directly is a pleasing thought for many high school leavers. They may also be deterred by the increasing price of tuition, and although true that a college education may be one of the highest costs you will ever deal with, the importance of higher education has come to be quite understood regarding becoming successful within modern day economy. Good start how could you expand to further context to you topic? One important answer to why you should go to college is that you are exposed to more opportunities. As opposed to generations of the past, high school graduates nowadays are not able to get the number of high-paying jobs that were once available. The United States has been changed from an economy based on manufacturing to a knowledge-based economy, and the significance of higher education now can be equivalent with that of a high school fifty years ago. Therefore, it works as an entry to better choices and more chances. Even though some people argue that Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped from college and ended up being successful, a college education is very important in the world we are living today. Why can’t we use them as an example? analyze There are other reasons as to why a college education is important. When students pass through a post-secondary education, they are exposed to opportunities they would not have been 2 exposed to if they did not go to college. These opportunities are like reading books and listening to lectures of top specialists in their occupations. The inspiration encourages students to reason, ask questions, and discover new ideas, which permits for further growth and development and offers college graduates with an advantage in the occupation market over those who have not qualified a college education. Expand what would be an example? Why does this make a difference? Moreover, the significance of a college education is also emphasized because of the chance to attain valuable assets during your contract. The most networks which are gained during your college profession, the more choices you will have when you begin searching for a job. What do you mean by this? Once you are done with your job search and have begun your profession, though, the value of a college education has not been drained. Having a college certificate usually provides for a better promotion opportunity. Attending college usually provides you with better life skills such as reasoning skills required to make life judgments, ranging from purchasing a home to aiding your youngsters select the best college. Furthermore, college graduates have a high chance of getting children who will also finish their higher education. Going to college also helps you get better self-control, study practices and supportive behaviors that can be useful to career developments and tasks. You bring up several good points in this paragraph, slow down and really explore each one. College education serves as the key to a successful future to people who are serious about it. It delivers a financial safety and assists an individual to create a reputation that is outstanding. In my opinion, higher education helps you gain a competitive control in the workforce. Through the different skills you acquire, you can work in different organizations across the world. Currently, a college education has come to be the lowest requirement in getting a job in different corporations. It does not only help students to secure jobs, but also to gain knowledge of how to 3 spend their money in sustainable companies. For example, with the necessary accounting knowledge, a student will not have to hire a professional to manage their occupational. Additionally, with information in accounting, students are capable of arranging how to invest their salaries wisely. Tie back to thesis. Moreover, one becomes more intelligent with college education as compared to when he or she graduated from high school. Intelligence helps a person get an improved quality life than earlier and therefore; a person can get different requirements that would have been difficult to attain if he or she did not have a basic higher education. In addition, college education assists individuals to solve problems in a harmonious and informal way. They also get knowledge of how to avoid observable dissimilarities with people, and as a result, they can have a life free from trouble. How? Expand with specific examples and analysis. Attending college gives one an opportunity to meet and make new friends that you could have never known if you did not go to college. Transition As you intermingle with different people from different backgrounds, you learn how to hold diversity and eliminate some stereotypes related to some beliefs. Besides, students can simply progress their professionals in college. In spite of the argument that college education is not the only way to success, it provides students with a lot of opportunities. For instance, if a student has a talent in sports, he or she can advance their career in college by participating in various sports. Nevertheless, higher education comes with some disadvantages as the education is quite expensive and lots of parents spend their money to have their kids finish their education successfully. In spite of the fact that this education is costly, its advantages are countless, and parents should use all tactics to have their kids attain it. A college degree can open many doors in your 4 hunt for a career. Students who have acquired college education are employed at a higher income and are regarded to be much more employable. Therefore, a college graduate would have a higher chance of getting employed as compared to one who did not go to college. Attending college helps you advance your education and improve yourself within the knowledge of a fresh career. Also, it will fill you with the feeling of being more comfortable with future conditions, and give you the knowledge and assurance to work under challenging forces of daily life. Everyone should have goals of their own which evolve everywhere in anything that needs to be done. One of the goals that you should have is being a good and focused student in college. Working adult returning to school should be your goal to acquire a degree and have a successful future. A college is a place where you can add your knowledge and teach new skills to help you become a more responsible person later in life. With a college degree, you can also get a job that pays well and builds friendships with many people you never knew. Therefore, you require college education because in the society that we are in today, there are no good jobs or careers for people with no education. There are no companies that will be in a position to hire a person who only has high school education. There are many life opportunities and experiences for someone in college such as making more money when you start working, and you will be able to start a family when you are financially stable. The people who acquire college education appear to be more confident in our society and there are people who are respected by many people. Everyone desires to be respected and to be of importance to their family, friends, and managers. Most of the successful people can confidently 5 speak and perform their tasks well as they are more educated. Thus, a college education is important because most people want to get the confidence through the college education. In addition, going to college helps a person improve his or her interpersonal skills and meet individuals who share their interests. On the other hand, some people argue that you do not need to go to college to be successful. The first reason to support their argument is that self-application will always be better than education and that education cannot completely guarantee your success. The second reason is that there are many good-paying jobs that do not need a college degree. Moreover, a classroom cannot appropriately prepare you for your future because you will learn more in real life than you will learn at school. These are all great counters, but what are your rebuttals? Lastly, you can adapt your regular life in the world we live today without having to go to college because you can start your own business and become successful. Therefore, success is about individual development, selfcontrol, integrity, communication skills, relationships among others and most significantly, we do not just become successful by learning to do but by doing to learn. In conclusion, I completely support college education because of its many advantages. It assists people to acquire good life, and bright future. It is important to have a college education for one to be contented with their life, and have a good job and virtuous investment in the future. People should attend college not only to study but also to attain some experience and get a good paying job. To be financially stable and earn a good living, people have to attend college to make their dreams come true in life. 6 Nice start! You have great organization and discuss several great points——However, slow down and really give them the attention each deserves! Expand your great ideas with specific examples and thoughtful analysis and you will build some serious strength! Also, make sure to always provide a rebuttal to your counter arguments. You’ve got this. 1 Eng 101 04/10/2017 Use of ‘he’ and ‘his’ No need to bold Language contains symbols and meaning that represent or name objects, ideas, and events. Nonetheless, language and meaning change over time either through natural conditions or demand for change from society (Blommaert and Backus 13). Such changes, in turn, lead to redefinitions of relevant concepts. One such change in concept is the generic use of the words he and his to refer to both genders in writing and communication. Traditionally, there are instances of the words he and his in a conversation or writing where the intention is to refer to humankind (Jespersen 116). Consequently, the evolution of ideas concerning sex and gender has led to a societal demand for change in generic use of the words (Wood 15). Use of the two words when referring to both sexes excludes the female. This recommends the use of gender neutral words or including the pronouns she and her, respectively, to ensure language is inclusive of both genders. Such recommendation focuses on the critical role of language in promoting fair treatment of all human beings. This is because language influences human thought and behavior (Fromkin et al. 26). On the other hand, support for a change in generic use of the words may seem like a feminist idea concerned with the concepts of language. A review of the change of language and meaning in the generic use of ‘he’ and ‘his’ in communication has been made by highlighting both the traditional and modern understanding of the use of these words and the need for change. Be very careful while your essay does want you to analyze the change thats already happened, it also asks you to take it a step further. How should it still be redefined? Your thesis does not YET reflect this. Word choices may result from unconscious assumptions regarding gender roles. Traditionally, use of he and his when referring to both genders placed no designation to specific gender 2 (Jespersen 116). There was minimal examination of the language based on the assumption that the words permit valid classification of humankind. This creates the need to examine generic forms of language on a grammatical level; the words are gender-specific forms of language applicable in cases where sex of referent(s) is unclear. It may be a subjective idea that the words convey the perception that the male is a universal norm and that females are deviant from this norm. Therefore, the legitimacy of using the words in communication is generic rather than sex-specific in the traditional sense. However, understanding the potential impact of using the words emphasizes the importance of language in society. Language can influence one’s perception of the world, implying that meanings become obvious and concrete because of language (Fromkin et al. 26). Thus, differences in the structure of language reflect on differences in societal views of the world. Likewise, community language may affect one’s thoughts to the extent that existing linguistic forms restrict one's ideas. Ultimately, emerging trends shifted focus to the need for gender neutrality in communication (Wood 16a). This includes the need to examine word choices during writing and speech to reduce or eliminate language that stereotypes or constrains others. Research on language and gender came to prominence in the 1980s, some studies focusing on traditional wordings and the implications they may have (Wood 16b). As a result, one may argue that use of he and his reflects a popular culture where males hold most positions of power (Wood 13). It also supports the discourse that makes it legitimate for society to view men as power holders (Wood 14). Applying the argument to the controversy regarding gender neutrality draws two conclusions: First, gender-bias in generic use of the words is a provable fact, and it would represent an existing and supplementing aspect of gender inequality. Second, one can abolish or reduce gender-bias of the words through revision of English as a language and modify it to be more inclusive or gender neutral. Since meanings are not fixed, and 3 language responds to the societal demand for change, language reform has been evident and necessary to enhance the equality of women (Blommaert and Backus 15). Modern practices include the use of he/she in place of the generic he (Jespersen 221). For example, in the statement ‘if one eats foods containing fiber, vegetables, and fruits, he may reduce his risk of obesity,' use of the word he and his is generic. To be inclusive of the female, the statement should read ‘if one eats foods containing fiber, vegetables, and fruits, he/she may reduce his/her risk of obesity.' The practice calls for the use of ‘he/she’ and consciously balancing pronoun use by interchanging their order sometimes. The construction s/he provides an additional gender-neutral alternative. Also, it is possible to avoid the possessive form his, include the possessive form her or replace it with an article (Jespersen 223). For instance, the statement ’anyone who uses a direct quote should indicate his source of reference’ contain the generic use of the word. To create gender balance, the statements may read ‘anyone who uses a direct quote should indicate the source of reference.' The first statement involves the inclusionary alternative while the second one is a case of substituting the possessive form with an article. Often, it may be necessary to use the plural where the singular appears genderspecific (Jespersen 225). For example, the statements ‘if one eats foods containing fiber, vegetables, and fruits, he may reduce his risk of obesity’ and ‘the average citizen is worried about his health’ represent the singular use of the possessive form. Conversely, the statements ‘if people eat foods containing fiber, vegetables, and fruits, they may reduce their risk of obesity’ and ‘the average citizens are worried about their health’ represent the case of avoiding the use of gender-sensitive words by making a sentence plural. Likewise, substituting the third person for first- or secondperson pronoun may make a sentence appear gender neutral (Jespersen 226). Other examples of exclusionary statements are ‘a farmer knows his day involves some sweat’ and ‘whenever one 4 faces an uphill task, he should ask for support, he would choose to skive it instead.' Replacing ‘his’ and ‘he’ in the statements, respectively, with first- or second-person pronoun read ‘as a farmer you know your day involves some sweat’ and ‘whenever we face an uphill task, we ought to ask for support.' Correspondingly, the forms ‘one’ and ‘one’s’ can replace he and his, respectively. However, use of the forms in a sentence should be sparingly to avoid change in tone of writing (Jespersen 228). An exclusionary statement may read ‘everyone should be at peace with their family members,' but an inclusionary alternative may read ‘one should be at peace with one’s family members.' Further, one can sometimes recast a sentence containing ‘he’ or ‘his’ in the passive voice. Although modern practices include maligning the passive voice, limited use has a valid function (Jespersen 229a). Thus, one should avoid an exclusionary sentence such as ‘each student should submit his proposal before the weekend.' Recasting the sentence may read ‘proposals should be submitted before the weekend.' This totally avoids the use of the possessive form, but one may object to using the passive voice when it allows the performer of an act to escape consequence for the act. For example, making the statement ‘she was assaulted in the street’ allows the assaulter to escape liability for the offense. Alternatively, one can recast a statement with ‘he’ or ‘his’ by replacing with a participial phrase. An exclusionary sentence may read ‘a smart child is one who keeps his clothes, body, and nails clean,' but an inclusionary one may read ‘a smart child is one whose clothes, body, and nails are clean.' In addition, four alternatives exist when the subject of a statement is an indefinite pronoun. One of the alternatives is to recast the sentence to avoid the use of the indefinite pronoun (Jespersen 229b). For example, the question ‘did everyone receive his grades?’ and the statement 5 ‘if a student contributes his own ideas the discussion will be successful’ exclude the female. Recasting the statements may read ‘did all of you receive your grades?’ and ‘when all the students contribute their ideas, the discussion will be successful.' The second alternative is to use both pronouns, that is, he or she and her or his. The third option is to use the plural pronoun in place of an indefinite term which appears to be plural. In the question ‘does everybody have his grades?’ and the statement ‘when a student contributes his ideas the discussion will be successful,' a student is the item and, hence, the statements seem to present them in plural form. Choosing inclusionary alternatives may make the statements read ‘do all individuals have their grades?’ And ‘when students contribute their ideas the discussion will be successful.' Lastly, one may use the singular they and their in place of the possessive forms he and his (Jespersen 231). For example, an exclusionary sentence may read ‘does each student have his grades?’, while an inclusionary one would read ‘do all students have their grades?’ The construction may be increasingly acceptable, but one needs to be aware that an assessment may regard it as incorrect. In summary, language comprises of multiple concepts which may undergo change over time either naturally or through societal demand. One such concept is the use of ‘he’ and ‘his’ in communication. In the traditional sense, one may use the words unconsciously with no emphasis on the male gender, but to represent all humankind. Conversely, recent trends include guidelines for gender-neutral language has led to a shift from generic use of the words to gender neutral communication practices that involve the following: using he/she in place of the generic he; avoiding the possessive form his, including the possessive form her, or replacing it with an article; using the plural where the singular appears gender-specific; substituting the third person for first- or second-person pronoun; substituting the forms ‘one’ and ‘one’s’ for he and his; recasting a sentence containing ‘he’ or ‘his’ in the passive voice; and recasting a statement with ‘he’ or ‘his’ by 6 replacing with a participial phrase. When the subject of a statement is an indefinite pronoun, options include recasting the sentence to avoid use of the indefinite pronoun, using both pronouns, using the plural pronoun in place of an indefinite term which appears to be plural, and using the singular they and their in place of the possessive forms he and his. Generally, the practices would ensure language is inclusive of both genders. 7 Works Cited Blommaert, J. and A. Backus. "Superdiverse Repertoires and the Individual." Multilingualism and Multimodality (2013): 11-32. Fromkin, V., R. Rodman and N. Hyams. An introduction to language. 9th. Boston: Thomson Wadsworth, 2010. Jespersen, Otto. A modern English grammar on historical principles. Routledge, 2013. Wood, J. T. Gendered lives: Communication, gender, and culture. 7th. Belmont: Thomson Wadsworth, 2007. Dates retrieved ??? Nice work, with a good analysis of how this pronoun use has changed overtime, however, right now you are not entirely answering the need of this prompt. See my note on the first page for more. Also, while your ideas are well written, I admit I felt some concern as this voice doesn’t sound like you. What is your writing process? Allison Schmitendorf English 101 Essay 3: Challenging Understandings through Analysis For the third essay of the semester, you will construct an analysis. Please choose from one of the following prompts. 1. Redefining a Concept: Language and meaning are fluid and change progressively over time. Sometimes this change occurs naturally—other times, this change occurs forcefully through a societal demand for change. Consider many of the redefinitions we are currently seeing in society like beauty, gender, and family, among many others. For this prompt, think of a concept that is meaningful to you in a way that might be different from its traditional understanding. Explain the traditional understanding of this concept and then redefine it, analyzing its need to shift in today’s world and how, if at all, it is already beginning to be accomplished. NOTE: A dictionary definition will not count toward one of the two required outside sources. 2. Ad Analysis: Advertisements can be found all around us, whether in magazines at the supermarket, on billboards as we drive down the road, or on the sidebars of our favorite websites. Corporations spend hundreds of thousands of dollars each year on these ads, and the most successful of them often do not simply promote a product; rather, they are often selling an ideology, which the audience will begin to associate with the tangible product being sold. For this prompt, analyze a full page printed magazine ad and determine the ideology that is being sold alongside the product. In your analysis, consider the ad’s different layers. What are they showing you? Who is their target audience? What is the message being sent, and how is that message being accomplished? NOTE: A physical copy of the advertisement must be turned in with your essay. The ad will not count toward one of the two required outside sources. For this essay, keep in mind you will be required to include at least two reliable outside sources, so be sure to follow proper MLA citation format. Additionally, because each prompt is meant to analyze an aspect of society and not of self, avoid use of the first person. Please see me if you have any questions. Requirements: ➢ MLA format ➢ 12-point, Times New Roman font ➢ A clear, identifiable thesis statement ➢ At least two reliable outside sources ➢ A works cited page ➢ 4-6 pages—in other words, at least to the very bottom of the fourth page/spilling onto the fifth. Essay three paper topic due: _____________________________________________________________ Two copies of completed rough draft due for peer review:_____________________________________ Final draft due: ________________________________________________________________________
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